Abstract: This disclosure relates to video segment identification and organization based on dynamic characterizations. A media component streams media content to a user device at a rate based at least in part on a congestion window size, and a trickle component determines the congestion window size based at least in part on a set of limiting criteria. The set of limiting criteria can include but is not limited to a queuing delay, a target transmission rate, and/or a packet loss compensation factor.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for updating shared keys. In one aspect, a method includes generating, at a first server and using a first key associated with a current period of time on the first server, a first piece of information based on a first request received from a first client device; receiving, at a second server, a second request from the first client device, the second request including the generated first piece of information; and validating, at the second server and using the first key, the first piece of information, wherein the validating is performed during the current period of time on the second server and wherein to generate information the second server uses a second key different from the first key.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention provide systems and methods for reducing latency in TCP connections. A client computer may send a request for information to a server computer using TCP. In response, the server may transmit the information to the client device according to default TCP connection assumptions. The server may re-configure the TCP connection based on various network statistics identified by the characteristics of the exchange between the server and the client. The server may periodically provide the network statistics concerning the speed of the network connection between the server and the client to the client. This information may be stored in cache memory by the client device for later use. For example, the next time the client device requests information from the server, the server may request the cached network statistics. The server may use this information to determine how information should be transmitted to the client.

Abstract: Systems, methods and articles of manufacture for retransmission of data in streaming protocols are described herein. Embodiments enable efficient retransmission of dropped packet data in guaranteed delivery or request-response data transfer protocols such as TCP. In particular, embodiments provide efficient retransmission of dropped packet data based on the short and/or long term historical reliability of the underlying client connection. An embodiment includes maintaining, for one or more clients in a client-server architecture, data representing connection characteristics for one or more client-server connections. Based on collected short-term and long-term client connection characteristics, an efficient data packet retransmission scheme is determined to optimize use of the connection for retransmitting dropped packet data.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for updating shared keys. In one aspect, a method includes generating, at a first server and using a first key associated with a current period of time on the first server, a first piece of information based on a first request received from a first client device; receiving, at a second server, a second request from the first client device, the second request including the generated first piece of information; and validating, at the second server and using the first key, the first piece of information, wherein the validating is performed during the current period of time on the second server and wherein to generate information the second server uses a second key different from the first key.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention provide systems and methods for reducing latency in TCP connections. A client computer may send a request for information to a server computer using TCP. In response, the server may transmit the information to the client device according to default TCP connection assumptions. The server may re-configure the TCP connection based on various network statistics identified by the characteristics of the exchange between the server and the client. The server may periodically provide the network statistics concerning the speed of the network connection between the server and the client to the client. This information may be stored in cache memory by the client device for later use. For example, the next time the client device requests information from the server, the server may request the cached network statistics. The server may use this information to determine how information should be transmitted to the client.