Abstract: A phased array transmitter includes a plurality of signal couplers arranged to receive a radio frequency (RF) input signal, and a plurality of RF transmitters coupled to the signal couplers. Each RF transmitter includes a radiating element, a chip and a phase shifting circuit. The radiating element is arranged to receive a plurality of electrical signals to produce an RF output signal. An amplifier circuit of the chip is configured to amplify the RF input signal to generate a plurality of amplified signals at a plurality of output terminals, respectively. The phase shifting circuit is located outside the chip, and coupled to the output terminals and the radiating element. The phase shifting circuit is arranged to phase shift the amplified signals, and accordingly generate the electrical signals fed to the radiating element. Respective phase shifting circuits and respective radiating elements of the RF transmitters are formed on a same substrate.

Abstract: A near-field testing apparatus for testing a device under test having an array of transmitter antennas is provided. The near-field testing apparatus includes a frame structure and a receiver circuit. The frame structure defines an array of grid sections, and is arranged for receiving the array of transmitter antennas at a first side of the array of grid sections. A periphery of each grid section at the first side surrounds a plurality of transmitter antennas in the array of transmitter antennas. The grid section is arranged to guide respective electromagnetic signals emitted by the transmitter antennas from the first side to a second side of the array of grid sections. The receiver circuit, disposed at the second side of the array of grid sections, is arranged to couple the electromagnetic signals out of the grid section.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a first radio-frequency (RF) device, including: receiving a substrate having the first RF device, wherein the first RF device has a signal port for receiving or transmitting RF signals with an input impedance greater than ten times an input impedance of a testing tool; causing a probe assembly to connect to the signal port and the testing tool; and causing the probe assembly to connect to a first terminal of a resistive element having a resistance equal to the input impedance.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) phased-array detector includes a vertical antenna array, a horizontal antenna array, a multiplexer module and a processor. The vertical antenna array includes a plurality of vertical antennas, and each of the vertical antennas is configured to obtain a first input signal in response to a wireless signal from a radio-emitting source. The horizontal antenna array includes a plurality of horizontal antennas, and each of the horizontal antennas is configured to obtain a second input signal in response to the wireless signal. The multiplexer module is configured to provide a plurality of third input signals selected from the first input signals and the second input signals. The processor is configured to obtain azimuth and elevation of the radio-emitting source according to the third input signals.

Abstract: A radar system includes a first subarray, a second subarray and a third subarray. The first subarray includes a plurality of first antennas arranged along a first direction. The second subarray includes a plurality of second antennas arranged along the first direction. The third subarray includes a plurality of third antennas arranged along a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. The third subarray is configured to combine a first set of data received from the first subarray and a second set of data received from the second subarray into a combined set of data, generate first beamformed data indicating target azimuth information by applying beamforming to the combined set of data, and generate second beamformed data indicating target elevation information according to a plurality of input signals received by the third antennas.

Abstract: The present application discloses a radar system. The radar system includes a first subarray, a second subarray, and a third subarray. Antennas in the first subarray and the second subarray are disposed along a first axis, and antennas in the third subarray are disposed along a second axis. When scanning a radar coverage of the radar system, the radar system utilizes the first subarray and the second subarray as RF signal transceivers and utilizes the third subarray as a RF signal receiver to scan a first detection distance range according to first signal parameters and scan a second detection distance range according to second signal parameters. A maximum distance measured from the radar system to each detectable location in the first detection distance range is less than or equal to a minimum distance measured from the radar system to each detectable location in the second detection distance range.

Abstract: A bias voltage generating circuit includes an amplifier circuit and a negative feedback circuit. The amplifier circuit is configured to generate a bias voltage according to a first voltage input and a second voltage input. The negative feedback circuit is coupled to the amplifier circuit, and configured to control the first voltage input. The negative feedback circuit includes a first voltage generator and a second voltage generator. The first voltage generator, coupled to the amplifier circuit, is biased by the bias voltage and configured to amplify a third voltage input to generate the first voltage input. The second voltage generator, coupled to the first voltage generator, is configured to generate the third voltage input. A ratio of the first voltage input to the third voltage input is locked according to a ratio of the second voltage input to the third voltage input.

Abstract: An antenna package is provided. The antenna package includes a glass substrate, a plurality of antennas, a multi-layer circuit structure, and a plurality of radio frequency chips. The glass substrate has a first surface and a second surface. The plurality of antennas are arranged on the first surface of the glass substrate. The multi-layer circuit structure has a first surface and a second surface. The plurality of radio frequency chips are arranged on the first surface of the multi-layer circuit structure. The second surface of the glass substrate is adhered to the second surface of the multi-layer circuit structure.

Abstract: The present application discloses a radio frequency (RF) device. The radio frequency device includes a power amplifier, a power detector, and a digital signal processor (DSP). The power amplifier outputs a RF signal. The power detector receives the RF signal, and performs a plurality of calibration operations to generate a plurality of calibration voltages corresponding to a plurality of bias voltage, wherein the calibration operations are performed at the bias voltages respectively, and the calibration voltages are temperature-correlated due to that electrical characteristics of the power detector are temperature-correlated. The DSP controls the power detector to operate at the bias voltages, obtains an index voltage for indicating power of the RF signal by performing calculations upon the calibration voltages to reduce temperature dependency of the index voltage, and adjusts a gain of the power amplifier according to the index voltage.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a first radio-frequency (RF) device, including: receiving a substrate having the first RF device, wherein the first RF device has a signal port for receiving or transmitting RF signals with an input impedance greater than ten times an input impedance of a testing tool; causing a probe assembly to connect to the signal port and the testing tool; and causing the probe assembly to connect to a first terminal of a resistive element having a resistance equal to the input impedance.

Abstract: The present application discloses a beamforming antenna device and a method for operating a beamforming antenna device. The beamforming antenna device includes a plurality of antenna elements and a plurality of sub-arrays. The plurality of sub-arrays are coupled to the plurality of antenna elements. Each of the sub-arrays is coupled to its adjacent sub-arrays of the plurality of sub-arrays, and at least a portion of the plurality of sub-arrays form a sub-array chain.

Abstract: An antenna device includes: a substrate; a first ground plate arranged in a first layer and disposed on the substrate; a first signal port and a second signal port arranged in a second layer adjacent to the first layer and configured to transmit a first radio-frequency (RF) signal and a second RF signal, respectively; a first feed line and a second feed line arranged in the second layer and connected to the first signal port and the second signal port, respectively; and a radiation element disposed over the substrate. The substrate is arranged to provide a first signal channel and a second signal channel between the radiation element and the first or second feed line for transmitting the first and second RF signals, the first feed line and the second feed line have different line lengths, and the radiation element at least partially overlaps the first and second signal channels.

Abstract: A wireless communication system includes a plurality of antennas, and a plurality of RF chips, arranged in a row and coupled to the antennas, for providing a plurality radio-frequency (RF) output signals to the antennas according to an RF signal. The wireless communication system also includes a transmission line arranged to be a straight line in parallel to the row, and to connect to the RF chips, and a resistive load, coupled to a first end of the transmission line. A second end of the transmission line is arranged to receive the RF signal.

Abstract: A method of testing an antenna array includes: receiving a probe needle set and a shielding structure, wherein the shielding structure includes an array of conductive pads. The antenna array includes a substrate and an array of antenna devices. Each of the antenna devices includes: a first and a second slits; a first and a second signal ports; a first and a second feed lines. The first and second feed lines have different line lengths; and a radiation element. The method further includes: causing the shielding structure to cover the radiation element of at least one antenna device; and causing the probe needle set to contact the first and second feed lines for testing the at least one antenna device.

Abstract: An antenna package structure is provided. The antenna package structure includes a glass substrate, an interconnect structure, a plurality of semiconductor chips, and an antenna array structure. The glass substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The interconnect structure is disposed over the first surface of the glass substrate. The plurality of semiconductor chips are mounted over the interconnect structure. The antenna array structure is formed on the second surface of the glass substrate. Furthermore, the plurality of semiconductor chips are coupled to the antenna array structure through the interconnect structure and the glass substrate.

Abstract: A method for operating a satellite communication system includes: interconnecting a first controller of a first satellite constellation and a second controller of a second satellite constellation in the satellite communication system to form an interconnected constellation, wherein the second satellite constellation is different from the first satellite constellation, and the interconnected constellation comprises the first satellite constellation and the second satellite constellation; utilizing the first controller to obtain first control information on the first satellite constellation, and receive second control information on the second satellite constellation from the second controller; and performing data communication via the interconnected constellation according to the first control information and the second control information.

Abstract: A radar system includes: a plurality of first receiving devices for generating a plurality of first digital signals according to a plurality of first incoming signals, respectively; and a plurality of second receiving devices for generating a plurality of second digital signals according to a plurality of second incoming signals, respectively. A processing device is arranged to perform a first beamforming operation to generate a plurality of first beamforming signals according to the plurality of first digital signals and a first gain matrix, and to perform a second beamforming operation to generate a plurality of second beamforming signals according to the plurality of second digital signals and a second gain matrix; and to determine an altitude angle of a first object and a second object, and to determine a first azimuth angle of the first object and a second azimuth angle of the second object.