Abstract: A method for manufacturing an electronic device is provided. The method includes the following steps: providing a first sub-substrate; providing a second sub-substrate; forming an organic layer between the first sub-substrate and the second sub-substrate, wherein the first sub-substrate and the second sub-substrate are fixed by the organic layer to form a protective substrate; performing a polishing process on a side surface of the protective substrate so that a surface roughness of the side surface is greater than or equal to 1 micrometer and less than or equal to 15 micrometers; and adhering the protective substrate to a frame.

Abstract: Methods for forming microelectronic devices include forming a staircase structure in a stack structure having a vertically alternating sequence of insulative and conductive materials arranged in tiers. Steps are at lateral ends of the tiers. Contact openings of different aspect ratios are formed in fill material adjacent the staircase structure, with some openings terminating in the fill material and others exposing portions of the conductive material of upper tiers of the stack structure. Additional conductive material is selectively formed on the exposed portions of the conductive material. The contact openings initially terminating in the fill material are extended to expose portions of the conductive material of lower elevations. Contacts are formed, with some extending to the additional conductive material and others extending to conductive material of the tiers of the lower elevations. Microelectronic devices and systems incorporating such staircase structures and contacts are also disclosed.

Abstract: A wearable device includes a frame element and a dielectric substrate. The frame element includes a first metal element, a second metal element, and a third metal element. A first gap is provided between the first metal element and the second metal element. A second gap is provided between the second metal element and the third metal element. A third gap is provided between the third metal element and the first metal element. The dielectric substrate is surrounded by the first metal element, the second metal element, and the third metal element. A first antenna element is formed by the first metal element. A second antenna element is formed by the second metal element. A third antenna element is formed by the third metal element.

Abstract: A battery module and a short protection method thereof are provided. The battery module has a battery cell pack and a control circuit. The method includes: detecting a temperature of the battery cell pack as a battery cell temperature through the control circuit; determining whether the battery cell temperature shows a downward trend when the battery cell temperature is higher than a first predetermined temperature value; and deactivating the battery module when the battery cell temperature does not show the downward trend.

Abstract: A method of wireless signal transmission management includes transmitting a plurality of data packets to tethering equipment from user equipment to tethering equipment, determining a size of each of the plurality of data packets by the tethering equipment, designating data packets of the plurality of data packets having a specific range of sizes as control signal packets by the tethering equipment, and prioritizing in transmitting the control signal packets to a cellular network by the tethering equipment.

Abstract: An optical system affixed to an electronic apparatus is provided, including a first optical module, a second optical module, and a third optical module. The first optical module is configured to adjust the moving direction of a first light from a first moving direction to a second moving direction, wherein the first moving direction is not parallel to the second moving direction. The second optical module is configured to receive the first light moving in the second moving direction. The first light reaches the third optical module via the first optical module and the second optical module in sequence. The third optical module includes a first photoelectric converter configured to transform the first light into a first image signal.

Abstract: A cleaning process monitoring system, comprising: a cleaning container comprising an inlet for receiving a cleaning solution and an outlet for draining a waste solution; a particle detector coupled to the outlet and configured to measure a plurality of particle parameters associated with the waste solution so as to provide a real-time monitoring of the cleaning process; a pump coupled to the cleaning container and configured to provide suction force to draw solution through the cleaning system; a controller coupled to the pump and the particle detector and configured to receive the plurality of particle parameters from the particle detector and to provide control to the cleaning system; and a host computer coupled to the controller and configured to provide at least one control parameter to the controller.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a routing structure. The routing structure includes a substrate having a boundary and a first conductive trace configured to be coupled to a first conductive pad disposed within the boundary of the substrate. The first conductive trace is inclined with respect to the boundary of the substrate.

Abstract: a resistance adjustable power generator having: an operating unit that receives commands of a user and is able to switch the resistance adjustable power generator to either a release mode or a resistance mode; a resistance generating unit that receive the commands from the operating unit and provides adjustable multiple levels of resistance to a connecting device, with the resistance generating unit having a resistance controlling center, multiple resistance generator, and an output controlling center; and a battery electrically connects to the resistance generating unit.

Abstract: A scrubber-heating apparatus for a diving rebreather includes an oxygen supplying element. The oxygen supplying element has a gas mixing portion connected thereto. The gas mixing portion has a breath connecting element connected thereto. The breath connecting element has a scrubber connected thereto. The scrubber is provided with an absorbent heating element and a temperature detecting component. The temperature detecting component has a state display connected thereto. The absorbent heating element and the state display are electrically connected to a power supplying portion. Thereby, the scrubber can recycle gas exhaled by a user to prolong the duration of use of the rebreather. Additionally, the absorbent heating element increases the temperature in the scrubber, thereby enhancing the adsorption efficiency and prolonging the overall duration of use.

Abstract: A method for treating high aspect ratio (HAR) structures arranged on a surface of a substrate includes a) spin rinsing the surface of the substrate using a first rinsing liquid; b) spinning off the first rinsing liquid from the surface of the substrate; and c) directing a gas mixture containing hydrogen fluoride onto the surface of the substrate after the first rinsing liquid is dispensed.

Abstract: This invention reveals an electric bicycle system including an electric bicycle and a docking device. When the electric bicycle is uprightly prop against the docking device, the electric bicycle can be driven with a pedal, making the electric bicycle system a training equipment.

Abstract: An imaging lens includes a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, and a fourth lens element arranged from an object side to an image side in the given order. The image-side surface of the first lens element comprises a convex portion in a vicinity of a periphery of the first lens element. The imaging lens has a system length less than 3.0 mm. The imaging lens does not have any lens element with refractive power other than the first, second, third, and fourth lens elements.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and a non-transitory computer readable media for resistance and capacitance (RC) extraction. The method comprises: receiving an electronic layout; selecting a two-dimensional (2D) conductive element from the electronic layout, wherein an aspect ratio of the 2D conductive element is lower than a predetermined threshold; partitioning the 2D conductive element into a plurality of polygons; determining a parasitic capacitance value for each polygon; determining multiple parasitic resistance values for each polygon; determining a total capacitance value of the 2D conductive element based on the parasitic capacitance value for each polygon; and determining a total resistance value of the 2D conductive element based on the multiple parasitic resistance values for each polygon.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to improved lifetime of a data storage device utilizing an energy assist element. Rather than applying the same current to each energy assist element of a device, each energy assist element has a write current specific to the energy assist element. The unique applied current results in the corresponding energy assist elements having substantially the same temperature during operation. Obtaining substantially the same temperature during operation provides predictable and repeatable device performance and increases the lifetime of the entire data storage device as all energy assist elements should have substantially the same lifetime.

Abstract: A method of preparing antimicrobial 3D-printed material with antimicrobial agents integrated with the 3D-printed material. The 3D-printed material fabricated with the method of the present disclosure includes antimicrobial agent (s) fully integrated throughout the product and display antimicrobial effect throughout the product, which is resistant to daily wear and tear.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to improved lifetime of a data storage device utilizing an energy assist element. Rather than applying the same current to each energy assist element of a device, each energy assist element has a write current specific to the energy assist element. The unique applied current results in the corresponding energy assist elements having substantially the same temperature during operation. Obtaining substantially the same temperature during operation provides predictable and repeatable device performance and increases the lifetime of the entire data storage device as all energy assist elements should have substantially the same lifetime.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices are provided. A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate, a power switch, a first power mesh and a second power mesh. The power switch is formed over the front surface of the semiconductor substrate. The first power mesh is formed over the power switch and is directly connected to the first terminal of the power switch. The second power mesh is formed over the back surface of the semiconductor substrate and is directly connected to the second terminal of the power switch.

Abstract: A method of forming a semiconductor device including: providing a first circuit cell including a first pin cell; forming a connecting path originated from the first pin cell of the first circuit cell; performing an Electromigration (EM) checking process with a first parasitic capacitance of the first pin cell and a second parasitic capacitance of the connecting path by loading a loading capacitance file to determine whether the loading capacitance of the first pin cell is larger than a first predetermined capacitance; and substituting a second pin cell for the first pin cell when the loading capacitance of the first pin cell is larger than the first predetermined capacitance, wherein the second pin cell is different from the first pin cell.

Abstract: Present embodiments provide for a mobile device and an optical imaging lens thereof. The optical imaging lens comprises five lens elements positioned sequentially from an object side to an image side. Through controlling the convex or concave shape of the surfaces and/or the refracting power of the lens elements, the optical imaging lens shows better optical characteristics and the total length of the optical imaging lens is shortened.