Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for vaccinating a subject against a mucosal virus infection, comprising administering to the subject an immunologically effective amount of an intranasal booster, wherein the intranasal booster comprises detoxified Escherichia coli labile toxin (LT) and an antigen from the mucosal virus, and wherein the subject has been previously primed. An intranasal vaccine composition comprising an immunologically effective amount of a mucosal virus antigen adjuvanted with a detoxified Escherichia coli labile toxin (LT) is also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for the treatment or prophylaxis of coronavirus infection, comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of an immunomodulator to a subject in need thereof or at risk of coronavirus infection. A vaccine composition comprising a pharmaceutically effective amount of an immunomodulator is also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for the treatment or prophylaxis of coronavirus infection, comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of an immunomodulator to a subject in need thereof or at risk of coronavirus infection. A vaccine composition comprising a pharmaceutically effective amount of an immunomodulator is also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a novel method for modulating mucosal immune response, comprising administering an antigen to a mucosal site of a subject in need thereof, and administering an immunomodulator to a different anatomical mucosal site of said subject. The antigen may be administered to sublingual mucosa and the immunomodulator may be administered to intranasal mucosa. An immune response involving production of IgG and IgA against the antigen may be elicited.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for the treatment or prophylaxis of coronavirus infection, comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of an immunomodulator to a subject in need thereof or at risk of coronavirus infection. A vaccine composition comprising a pharmaceutically effective amount of an immunomodulator is also provided.

Abstract: A detoxified recombinant E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin mutant, LTS61K, is employed as a carrier protein to conjugate polysaccharide. The LTS61K contains a mutated mature sub-unit A (LTA) that includes lysine at amino acid position 61 and a wild-type mature sub-unit B (LTB). Various types of bacterial capsular polysaccharide antigens were chemically conjugated with the LTS61K protein by a reductive amination reaction. The conjugated polysaccharide-LTS61K products were physically, chemically and biochemically identified as soluble form. Rabbits were immunized intramuscularly to determine the immunogenicity of conjugated vaccines by ELISA to detect anti-polysaccharide antigen IgG titers and serum bactericidal assay thereby determining the functional activity of the antibodies. Study results show that conjugated polysaccharide-LTS61K vaccines induce higher polysaccharide-specific IgG titers and greater bactericidal activity in sera than that of polysaccharide alone or polysaccharide mixed with LTS61K.

Abstract: A method for recombinant production of a CRM197 protein includes culturing a recombinant Escherichia coli cell to produce said CRM197 protein, and isolating said CRM197 protein. The recombinant Escherichia coli cell includes an expression vector, which contains a nucleic acid molecule that encodes a fusion protein that includes an E. coli periplasmic signal peptide at N terminal and the CRM197 at C terminal. The CRM197 is encoded by a polynucleotide having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1. The E. coli periplasmic signal peptide comprise a pelB leader sequence. The nucleic acid molecule comprises the sequence of SEQ ID NO:2. The Escherichia coli cell is BL21(DE3)pLysS.

Abstract: This invention relates to bispecific antibodies having combinations of linker and hinge sequences to create linker-hinge interface domains with biological significance. Such linker-hinge interface domains covalently join two molecules, maintain the biological activities of linked molecules (target binding), stabilize the biological characteristics of new molecule (solubility and 4° C. stability), maintain the chemical, biochemical and physical properties (cytotoxicity) of the linked molecules, and modulate the biological characteristics of the linked molecules (activating T-lymphocytes without significant sign of proliferations). Both linker (GGGGS) and hinge (CPPCP) sequences are required to establish functional linker-hinge interface domains as deletion of any of the component resulted in significant lost of T-lymphocyte mediated activity.

Abstract: A method for treating allergy with a pharmaceutical composition containing a detoxified E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin, and, optionally, an allergen.

Abstract: This invention relates to a mutant E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) subunit A that can be used as an adjuvant. This subunit A mutant contains an amino acid substitution at a position corresponding to position 61 of a wild-type LT. An LT containing this mutated subunit A exhibits reduced toxicity compared to its wild type counterpart.

Abstract: This invention relates to a mutant E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) subunit A that can be used as an adjuvant. This subunit A mutant contains an amino acid substitution at a position corresponding to position 61 of a wild-type LT. An LT containing this mutated subunit A exhibits reduced toxicity compared to its wild type counterpart.

Abstract: A detoxified recombinant E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin mutant, LTS61K, is employed as a carrier protein to conjugate polysaccharide. The LTS61K contains a mutated mature sub-unit A (LTA) that includes lysine at amino acid position 61 and a wild-type mature sub-unit B (LTB). Various types of bacterial capsular polysaccharide antigens were chemically conjugated with the LTS61K protein by a reductive amination reaction. The conjugated polysaccharide-LTS61K products were physically, chemically and biochemically identified as soluble form. Rabbits were immunized intramuscularly to determine the immunogenicity of conjugated vaccines by ELISA to detect anti-polysaccharide antigen IgG titers and serum bactericidal assay thereby determining the functional activity of the antibodies. Study results show that conjugated polysaccharide-LTS61K vaccines induce higher polysaccharide-specific IgG titers and greater bactericidal activity in sera than that of polysaccharide alone or polysaccharide mixed with LTS61K.

Abstract: A method for treating allergy with a pharmaceutical composition containing a detoxified E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin, and, optionally, an allergen.

Abstract: This invention relates to a mutant E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) subunit A that can be used as an adjuvant. This subunit A mutant contains an amino acid substitution at a position corresponding to position 61 of a wild-type LT. An LT containing this mutated subunit A exhibits reduced toxicity compared to its wild type counterpart.

Abstract: This invention relates to a mutant E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) subunit A that can be used as an adjuvant. This subunit A mutant contains an amino acid substitution at a position corresponding to position 61 of a wild-type LT. An LT containing this mutated subunit A exhibits reduced toxicity compared to its wild type counterpart.