Abstract: A method and apparatus for Adaptive Loop Filter (ALF) processing of reconstructed video are disclosed. According to this method, multiple indicators are signaled in slice at an encoder side or parsed at a decoder side, where the multiple indicators are Adaptive Parameter Set (APS) indices associated with temporal ALF filter sets for the ALF processing. A current indicator is determined from the multiple indicators, where the current indicator is used to select a current ALF filter set. Filtered-reconstructed pixels are derived for the current block by applying the current ALF filter to the current block. In another method, if the ALF processing applied at a target sample requires an outside sample on other side of a target virtual boundary from the target sample, the outside sample is replaced by a padded sample.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for a coding system using palette mode coding for colour video are disclosed. According to method, when the palette mode is enabled, separate coding of luma and chroma components is disabled or if separate coding of luma and chroma components, the palette mode is disabled. According to another method, when the palette mode is enabled for the current image, palette mode coding is only applied to the luma blocks and non-palette mode coding is applied to the chroma blocks. According to yet another method, palette mode coding is applied to the luma blocks using luma palettes if the palette mode is selected for the luma blocks and palette mode coding applying to the chroma blocks using chroma palettes if the palette mode is selected for the chroma blocks. According to yet another method, the scan direction for a non-square CU depends on the shape of the non-square.

Abstract: An upper limb training system adapted to an upper limb of a user includes a main body and a control unit. The main body includes a training unit and a plurality of motors. The training unit is connected to the upper limb. The plurality of motors are coupled to the training unit. The control unit is electrically connected to the training unit and the plurality of motors and calculates a plurality of torque intervals respectively corresponding to the plurality of motors according to torques generated by each of the plurality of motors. Besides, a control method adapted to the upper limb training system is also provided.

Abstract: A video coding system determines a Sample Adaptive Offset (SAO) type for a current reconstructed block, and determines SAO offsets for the current reconstructed block and checks if all SAO offsets are zeros except for a last SAO offset if the SAO type is Edge Offset (EO) or Band Offset (BO). A new value for the last SAO offset is derived at an encoding end or an original value for the last SAO offset is derived at a decoding end if all SAO offsets except for the last SAO offset are zeros. The SAO offsets are used for applying SAO processing to the current block and the current block is encoded or decoded. The original value for the last SAO offset is used in SAO processing and the new value for the last SAO offset is signaled in a video bitstream.

Abstract: Method and apparatus of video coding using generalized bi-prediction are disclosed. According to one method, the generalized bi-prediction is extended for Decoder-Side Motion Vector Refinement (DMVR), where unequal weighting factor pair is allowed to form the template of the current block or the final predictor. In another method, the generalized bi-prediction is extended to pattern-based MV derivation (PMVD), where unequal weighting factor pair is allowed to combined reference blocks pointed by motion vectors derived based on PMVD. In yet another method, the generalized bi-prediction is used for Merge mode. When the final Merge MVP selected corresponds to bi-prediction using an unequal weighting factor pair, a new weighting factor pair is derived using neighboring reconstructed pixels of the current block and corresponding motion compensated pixels. In yet another method, the size of a set of weighting factor pairs is dependent on block size.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of priority-based MVP (motion vector predictor) derivation for motion compensation in a video encoder or decoder are disclosed. According to this method, one or more final motion vector predictors (MVPs) are derived using priority-based MVP derivation process. The one or more final MVPs are derived by selecting one or more firstly available MVs from a priority-based MVP list for Inter prediction mode, Skip mode or Merge mode based on reference data of one or two target reference pictures that are reconstructed prior to the current block according to a priority order. Therefore, there is no need for transmitting information at the encoder side nor deriving information at the decoder side that is related to one or more MVP indices to identify the one or more final MVPs in the video bitstream.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of entropy coding for a video encoder or decoder using multiple-table based Context-Based Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coder (CABAC) are disclosed. In one embodiment, a current bin of a binary data of a current coding symbol is encoded or decoded according to a probability of a binary value of the current bin and the probability of the binary value is updated according to the binary value of the current bin for a next bin by using multiple-parameter probability models. Each multiple-parameter probability model is updated using at least one lookup table with the individual set of probability state as a table index to access contents of said at least one lookup table. In another embodiment, the range update is calculated for a range interval based on middle value of the range interval.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for palette coding of a block of video data using a candidate prediction mode list with syntax redundancy removed are disclosed. In one embodiment, whether a redundant prediction mode exists in the candidate prediction mode list for the current samples of the current block is determined based on the candidate prediction mode list and the previous prediction mode associated with the previous samples. If the redundant prediction mode exists in the candidate prediction mode list, the redundant prediction mode is removed from the candidate prediction mode list to generate a reduced candidate prediction mode list. In another embodiment, whether a redundant predictor exists in a candidate predictor list for a current sample of the current block is determined based on a condition related to one or more predictors for the current sample of the current block.

Abstract: Method and apparatus of video encoding video coding for a video encoder or decoder using Neural Network (NN) are disclosed. According to one method, input data or a video bitstream are received for blocks in one or more pictures, which comprise one or more colour components. The residual data, prediction data, reconstructed data, filtered-reconstructed data or a combination thereof is derived for one or more blocks of said one or more pictures. A target signal corresponding to one or more of the about signal types is processed using a NN (Neural Network) and the input of the NN or an output of the NN comprises two or more colour components. According to another method, A target signal corresponding to one or more of the about signal types is processed using a NN and the input of the NN or an output of the NN comprises two or more colour components.

Abstract: A method of palette management for palette coding in a video coding system receives input data associated with a current block in a high-level picture structure and initializes a palette predictor in the high-level picture structure before a corresponding palette of a first palette-coded block in the high-level picture structure is coded. If a palette mode is selected for the current block, the method applies the palette coding to the current block using a current palette and updates the palette predictor based on the current palette to generate an updated palette predictor for a next block coded in the palette mode.

Abstract: Method and apparatus of Inter prediction for video coding performed by a video encoder or a video decoder that utilizes motion vector prediction (MVP) to code a motion vector (MV) associated with a block coded with Inter mode are disclosed. According to one method, an initial MVP candidate list is generated for the current block. When candidate reordering is selected for the current block, target candidates within a selected candidate set are reordered to generate a reordered MVP candidate list and then the current block is encoded at the video encoder side or decoded at the video decoder sider using the reordered MVP candidate list, where the selected candidate set comprises at least partial candidates of the initial MVP candidate list.

Abstract: Method and apparatus of video coding are disclosed. According to the method, a boundary region in the current block is determined. For each pixel in the boundary region, an Intra predictor and an Inter predictor care derived. An Intra-Inter predictor is generated by blending the Intra predictor and the Inter predictor. Pixels in the boundary region of the current block are encoded or decoded using the Intra-Inter predictor. For the remaining pixels in the current block not belonging to the boundary region, the pixels are encoded or decoded using the Inter predictor or the Intra predictor. In another method, the Intra-Inter prediction process is implemented by scaling the sum of the Intra weighting factor and the Inter weighting factor is scaled to a power-of-2 number to avoid the need for the division operation. In yet another method, the Intra-Inter prediction is applied depending on the current block size.

Abstract: A method for intra prediction mode decoding for a current block based on multi-level most probable mode (MPM) sets. The method includes determining one or more MPM candidates for a first-level MPM set, and determining one or more most probable remaining mode (MPRM) candidates for a second-level MPM set. Wherein the one or more MPRM candidates are identified based on a mode of a neighboring block of the current block, and the one or more MPRM candidates are different from any MPM candidate in the first-level MPM set. The method also includes decoding syntax information related to a current intra prediction mode corresponding to the current block according to the multi-level MPM sets using a decoder, and decoding the current block based on the determined current intra prediction mode.

Abstract: Processing methods and apparatuses for video data comprise receiving input data associated with a current coding block (CB) in a current slice, deriving a top-left location of a current quantization group containing the current CB using a recursive process or a tracking process, and determining a reference quantization parameter (QP) according to the top-left location of the current quantization group. The current CB is encoded or decoded according to the reference QP. The reference QP may be further derived based on a previous QP determined by a tracking method.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of video coding are disclosed. In the encoding side, video data are received, where a GDR (Gradual Decoding Refresh) picture type is supported by the encoding device. A syntax structure including a first syntax in NAL (Network Access Layer) unit header is generated, where an NAL unit type indicated by the first syntax comprises the GDR picture type. Encoded video data including the syntax structure from the video data are generated. A corresponding method and apparatus for the decoding side are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of modified SAO (sample-adaptive offset) processing for a reconstructed picture in a video coding system to improve the performance is disclosed. In one example, a SAO-sign threshold is introduced to determine the sign of the difference between a current reconstructed pixel and a neighboring reconstructed pixel. A range of difference values greater than the negative SAO-sign threshold and smaller than the positive SAO-sign threshold is assigned to have a sign value of 0. In another example, the SAO-offset value is derived by multiplying the SAO-offset sign with a result from applying left shift by the SAO-bit-shift value to the absolute SAO-offset value. In yet another example, the absolute SAO-offset value is coded by truncated Rice (TR) codes and a maximum TR value is indicated by a syntax element.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide a video coding method for processing a current prediction unit (PU) with a sub-PU temporal motion vector prediction (TMVP) mode. The method can include receiving the current PU including sub-PUs, determining an initial motion vector that is a motion vector of a spatial neighboring block of the current PU, performing a searching process to search for a main collocated picture in a sequence of reference pictures of the current PU based on the initial motion vector, and obtaining collocated motion information in the main collocated picture for the sub-PUs of the current PU. The searching process can include turning on motion vector scaling operation for searching a subset of the sequence of reference pictures, and turning off the motion vector scaling operation for searching the other reference pictures in the sequence of reference pictures.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for video coding using coding modes including a palette mode are disclosed. In one embodiment, the total number of palette indices in the current block is coded into a binary string using a TR (Truncated Rice) binarization process with the Rice parameter to generate a prefix part and using an EGk (k-th order Exp-Golomb) binary process to generate a suffix part for the binary string, or using the EGk binarization process with the Rice parameter (k). The suffix part is allowed to be empty. In another embodiment, a Rice parameter is determined. If the Rice parameter is equal to or greater than log-base-2 of current block size, the variable related to a total number of palette indices in the current block of video data is binarized into a binary string using a fixed-length code with bit length equal to log-base-2 of current block size.

Abstract: Method and apparatus of using Bilateral Template MV Refinement are disclosed to improve coding efficiency or reducing complexity. According to one method, if a size associated with the current block is greater than a threshold, then Bilateral Template MV Refinement is applied to the current block. Otherwise, the Bilateral Template MV Refinement is not applied to the current block. In another method, the Bilateral Template MV Refinement is turned on or off implicitly based on the two reference blocks. According to yet another method, the Bilateral Template MV Refinement is performed on the sub-block level. According to yet another method, the Bilateral Template MV Refinement is performed motion vectors selected from candidates of AMVP (advance MV prediction) candidate list. According to yet another method, the Bilateral Template MV Refinement used a modified template to refine motion vector.

Abstract: A video data processing method includes receiving input data associated with a current block in a current picture, wherein the current picture is partitioned into multiple non-overlapped blocks, and recursively splitting the current block into multiple leaf blocks based on a location of the current block in the current picture. The recursively splitting operation includes, when the location of the current block satisfies with a first condition, recursively splitting the current block according to a quadtree split, and, when the location of the current block satisfies with a second condition, recursively splitting the current block according to a selected split determined from a group comprising a vertical binary tree split and a horizontal binary tree split.