Abstract: Techniques for monitoring cerebral blood metrics such as cerebral blood flow, cerebral blood volume and/or heart rate are provided. In some embodiments, techniques involve a headset with at least one laser configured to emit light into the brain and one or more light detectors such as CMOS sensors that generate information indicative of light reflected from one or more structures within the brain, which can be used to determine the cerebral blood metrics. Each light detector may be positioned within 5 mm of the scalp in some cases.

Abstract: Techniques for determining stroke risk are provided. In some embodiments, the techniques may involve causing, using one or more light sources disposed on a headset worn by a user, light to be emitted into the head of the user. The techniques may involve obtaining, using one or more light detectors disposed on the headset, information indicative of light reflected from one more structures within the head, wherein a portion of the obtained information spans a time period during which the user was holding their breath. The techniques may involve based on the obtained information, determining one or more cerebral blood metrics. The techniques may involve providing a representation of the one or more cerebral blood metrics as input to a trained machine learning model, and determining a likelihood the user will experience a stroke over a predetermined future time period based on an output of the trained machine learning model.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are composite membranes comprising an omniphobic substrate having a reentrant structure. The omniphobic substrate comprises a plurality of pores, the plurality of pores forming the reentrant structure. The omniphobic substrate further comprises a surface, the surface being coated with a dual functional layer that is hydrophilic in air and oleophobic under water, such that the composite membrane has a top portion and a bottom portion, the top portion comprising the coated surface of the omniphobic substrate, such that the top portion of the composite membrane is hydrophilic in air and oleophobic under water and the bottom portion of the composite membrane is omniphobic. The composite membrane can be antiwetting and/or antifouling in the presence of a hydrophobic contaminant, an amphiphilic contaminant, or a combination thereof. The composite membranes can be used for membrane distillation of a contaminated brine solution.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are composite membranes comprising an omniphobic substrate having a reentrant structure. The omniphobic substrate comprises a plurality of pores, the plurality of pores forming the reentrant structure. The omniphobic substrate further comprises a surface, the surface being coated with a dual functional layer that is hydrophilic in air and oleophobic under water, such that the composite membrane has a top portion and a bottom portion, the top portion comprising the coated surface of the omniphobic substrate, such that the top portion of the composite membrane is hydrophilic in air and oleophobic under water and the bottom portion of the composite membrane is omniphobic. The composite membrane can be antiwetting and/or antifouling in the presence of a hydrophobic contaminant, an amphiphilic contaminant, or a combination thereof. The composite membranes can be used for membrane distillation of a contaminated brine solution.