Abstract: Package structures and methods for manufacturing the same are provided. The package structure includes a first bump structure formed over a first substrate. The first bump structure includes a first pillar layer formed over the first substrate and a first barrier layer formed over the first pillar layer. In addition, the first barrier layer has a first protruding portion laterally extending outside a first edge of the first pillar layer. The package structure further includes a second bump structure bonded to the first bump structure through a solder joint. In addition, the second bump structure includes a second pillar layer formed over a second substrate and a second barrier layer formed over the second pillar layer. The first protruding portion of the first barrier layer is spaced apart from the solder joint.

Abstract: A switching regulator includes a boost power stage circuit and a control circuit. The boost power stage circuit includes: at least one power switch configured to switch a terminal of an inductor according to an operation signal during a normal operation period, such that the terminal of the inductor is switched between an output voltage and ground level; and a power line switch connected in series to the inductor between the input voltage and the output voltage. The power line switch is turned OFF when the output voltage is short to ground level, to prevent a short current from flowing from input voltage to ground level. The control circuit generates the operation signal according to the output voltage and determines whether the power line switch is P-type or N-type MOS device, so as to turn OFF the power line switch when the output voltage is short to ground level.

Abstract: 5-methoxy-7-hydroxyflavan compound (I) was isolated and purified from Dragon's Blood resin. The purification process involves 50% ethanol soxhletion overnight and then fraction through silica column with a series of solvent elution. The purified compound (I) was crystallized in benzene: hexane (1:1). The pure compound was identified by instruments including IR, NMR, FAB-MS, and GC-MS and acetylation reaction to confirm the structure. This compound was found to be a strong antifungal chemical with broad spectra against Fusarium oxysporium fsp. niveum, Phytophora capsici, Phoma asparagi, Pythium spinosum, Pythium aphanidermatum, Phthium sylvaticum, Sclerotium rolfsii, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum . For whole plant in vivo testes, it was found that compound (I) significantly protected mung bean and cabbage from being infested and damaged by Sclerotium rolfsii and Pythium aphanidermatum respectively.