Abstract: The present disclosure provides a stealth dicing method and apparatus. With the method, the focusing element focuses the laser beam on the surface of material to be diced, and the dynamic-equilibrium plasma channel is formed in the material to be diced by means of self-focusing and defocusing effect of plasma generated by ionizing the material to be diced. The modified layer may be formed in the material to be diced throughout the plasma channel, so as to realize stealth dicing.

Abstract: Opioids can be detected using a test system with ZnO pillars arranged in an array on a silicon wafer. Silver particles are on a top surface and/or side surface of the ZnO pillars. A sample fluid is applied to the test system. A concentration of an opioid compound in the sample fluid is determined using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy of the test system. The sample fluid can be blood or a fluid isolated from blood.

Abstract: In an embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to a method of making magnetic nanoparticles through the utilization of a microfluidic reactor. In some embodiments, the microfluidic reactor includes a first inlet, a second inlet, and an outlet. In some embodiments, the method includes applying a magnetic nanoparticle precursor solution into the first inlet of the microfluidic reactor through a first flow rate and applying a reducing agent into the second inlet of the microfluidic reactor through a second flow rate. In some embodiments, the magnetic nanoparticles are produced in the microfluidic reactor and collected from the outlet of the microfluidic reactor. In an additional embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to a composition including a plurality of magnetic nanoparticles. In a further embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to a microfluidic reactor.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a stealth dicing method and apparatus. With the method, the focusing element focuses the laser beam on the surface of material to be diced, and the dynamic-equilibrium plasma channel is formed in the material to be diced by means of self-focusing and defocusing effect of plasma generated by ionizing the material to be diced. The modified layer may be formed in the material to be diced throughout the plasma channel, so as to realize stealth dicing.

Abstract: In a distributed computing system that includes compute nodes that include computer memory, globally accessible memory space is administered by: for each compute node: mapping a memory region of a predefined size beginning at a predefined address; executing one or more memory management operations within the memory region, including, for each memory management operation executed within the memory region: executing the operation collectively by all compute nodes, where the operation includes a specification of one or more parameters and the parameters are the same across all compute nodes; receiving, by each compute node from a deterministic memory management module in response to the memory management operation, a return value, where the return value is the same across all compute nodes; entering, by each compute node after local completion of the memory management operation, a barrier; and when all compute nodes have entered the barrier, resuming execution.

Abstract: In a distributed computing system that includes compute nodes that include computer memory, globally accessible memory space is administered by: for each compute node: mapping a memory region of a predefined size beginning at a predefined address; executing one or more memory management operations within the memory region, including, for each memory management operation executed within the memory region: executing the operation collectively by all compute nodes, where the operation includes a specification of one or more parameters and the parameters are the same across all compute nodes; receiving, by each compute node from a deterministic memory management module in response to the memory management operation, a return value, where the return value is the same across all compute nodes; entering, by each compute node after local completion of the memory management operation, a barrier; and when all compute nodes have entered the barrier, resuming execution.

Abstract: In a distributed computing system that includes compute nodes that include computer memory, globally accessible memory space is administered by: for each compute node: mapping a memory region of a predefined size beginning at a predefined address; executing one or more memory management operations within the memory region, including, for each memory management operation executed within the memory region: executing the operation collectively by all compute nodes, where the operation includes a specification of one or more parameters and the parameters are the same across all compute nodes; receiving, by each compute node from a deterministic memory management module in response to the memory management operation, a return value, where the return value is the same across all compute nodes; entering, by each compute node after local completion of the memory management operation, a barrier; and when all compute nodes have entered the barrier, resuming execution.