Abstract: This document provides methods and materials involved in killing HIV infected cells (e.g., CD4 T cells). For example, methods and materials for using one or more Bcl-2 inhibitors (e.g., ABT-199) alone or in combination with one or more agents capable of reactivating HIV (e.g., latency reversing agent) to kill HIV infected cells (e.g., CD4 T cells) are provided.

Abstract: This document provides methods and materials involved in killing HIV infected cells (e.g., CD4 T cells). For example, methods and materials for using one or more Bcl-2 inhibitors (e.g., ABT-199) alone or in combination with one or more agents capable of reactivating HIV (e.g., latency reversing agent) to kill HIV infected cells (e.g., CD4 T cells) are provided.

Abstract: This document provides methods and materials involved in killing HIV infected cells (e.g., CD4 T cells). For example, methods and materials for using one or more Bcl-2 inhibitors (e.g., ABT-199) alone or in combination with one or more agents capable of reactivating HIV (e.g., latency reversing agent) to kill HIV infected cells (e.g., CD4 T cells) are provided.

Abstract: Methods of inducing antinociception in a human are described. The method includes the step of administering an effective dose of a polypeptide comprising L-neo-tryptophan to the human extracranially. The polypeptide containing L-neo-tryptophan could be, but is not limited to, NT64L, NT65L, NT66L, NT67L, NT69L, NT69L?, NT71, NT72, NT73, NT74, NT75, NT76, or NT77.

Abstract: Small-molecule inhibitors of Botulinum toxin, including BoNTA, BoNTD and BoNTE are provided, as well as methods of using the inhibitors.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to materials and methods for inhibiting Botulinum neurotoxin, and more particularly to materials and methods for inhibiting the zinc endopeptidase of Botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A, D and/or E (BoNTA, BoNTD and/or BoNTE).

Abstract: Methods for determining invertebrate- and insect-specific, such as mosquito-specific, residues of acetylcholinesterases are provided herein. The methods can be used to design pesticides and insecticides that are specific for the invertebrate or insect (e.g., mosquito) enzymes, resulting in reduced toxicity concerns for mammals. Compositions for inhibiting invertebrate and insect (e.g., mosquito) acetylcholinesterases and methods for preparing the same are also provided.

Abstract: Neurotensin analogs selective for neurotensin receptor subtype 2 are described. These include hexapeptides (NT(8-13)) and pentapeptides (NT(9-13)) having a D-3,1-naphthyl-alanine, D-3,2-naphthyl-alanine, an alanine derivative such as cyclohexylalanine, or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline at position 11. Methods of treating pain by administering these neurotensin analogs are also described.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to materials and methods for inhibiting Botulinum neurotoxin, and more particularly to materials and methods for inhibiting the zinc endopeptidase of Botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A, D and/or E (BoNTA, BoNTD and/or BoNTE).

Abstract: Methods of inducing antinociception in a human are described. The method includes the step of administering an effective dose of a polypeptide comprising L-neo-tryptophan to the human extracranially. The polypeptide containing L-neo-tryptophan could be, but is not limited to, NT64L, NT65L, NT66L, NT67L, NT69L, NT69L?, NT71, NT72, NT73, NT74, NT75, NT76, or NT77.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for treating, preventing, or ameliorating one or more symptoms, disorders, or conditions associated with particular c-Jun N-terminal kinase(s) (JNKs) activity are provided. Compositions contain small molecules such as pyrazoloanthrones.

Abstract: Neurotensin analogs selective for neurotensin receptor subtype 2 are described. These include hexapeptides (NT(8-13)) and pentapeptides (NT(9-13)) having a D-3,1-naphthyl-alanine, D-3,2-naphthyl-alanine, an alanine derivative such as cyclohexylalanine, or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline at position 11. Methods of treating pain by administering these neurotensin analogs are also described.

Abstract: Small-molecule inhibitors of a protein synthesis inhibiting toxin, e.g., ricin, abrin, Shiga, and Shiga-like toxins, as well as methods of using the inhibitors are provided. Further provided are methods of identifying small-molecule inhibitors of a protein synthesis inhibiting toxin.

Abstract: Methods of inducing antinociception in a human are described. The method includes the step of administering an effective dose of a polypeptide comprising L-neo-tryptophan to the human extracranially. The polypeptide containing L-neo-tryptophan could be, but is not limited to, NT64L, NT65L, NT66L, NT67L, NT69L, NT69L?, NT71, NT72, NT73, NT74, NT75, NT76, or NT77.

Abstract: Small-molecule inhibitors of Botulinum toxin, including BoNTA, BoNTD and BoNTE are provided, as well as methods of using the inhibitors.

Abstract: Methods of inducing antinociception in a human are described. The method includes the step of administering an effective dose of a polypeptide comprising L-neo-tryptophan to the human extracranially. The polypeptide containing L-neo-tryptophan could be, but is not limited to, NT64L, NT65L, NT66L, NT67L, NT69L, NT69L?, NT71, NT72, NT73, NT74, NT75, NT76, or NT77.

Abstract: Methods for determining invertebrate- and insect-specific, such as mosquito-specific, residues of acetylcholinesterases are provided herein. The methods can be used to design pesticides and insecticides that are specific for the invertebrate or insect (e.g., mosquito) enzymes, resulting in reduced toxicity concerns for mammals. Compositions for inhibiting invertebrate and insect (e.g., mosquito) acetylcholinesterases and methods for preparing the same are also provided.

Abstract: A method for designing a metal ion for use in a molecular dynamics simulation can include the steps of building a metal ion molecule having a center atom and a dummy atom, assigning a van der Waals radius to the center atom, and assigning a charge to the dummy atom. A metal ion molecule may have the center atom covalently linked to one or more dummy atoms resulting in the metal ion molecule having a polyhedron geometry. New force field parameters may be used in methods for designing metal ions for use in molecular dynamics simulations.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel amino acid, neo-tryptophan, as well as polypeptides containing this novel amino acid such as neurotensin analogs. In addition, the invention provides neo-tryptophan derivatives, serotonin-like neo-tryptophan derivatives, and polypeptides containing such derivatives. The invention also provides methods for making neo-tryptophan, neo-tryptophan derivatives, serotonin-like neo-tryptophan derivatives, and compositions containing these compounds. Further, the invention provides methods for inducing a neurotensin response in a mammal as well as methods for treating a mammal having a serotonin recognition molecule.

Abstract: Neurotensin analogs selective for neurotensin receptor subtype 2 are described. These include hexapeptides (NT(8-13)) and pentapeptides (NT(9-13)) having a D-3,1-naphthyl-alanine, D-3,2-naphthyl-alanine, an alanine derivative such as cyclohexylalanine, or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline at position 11. Methods of treating pain by administering these neurotensin analogs are also described.