Abstract: In semiconductor manufacturing, deionized (DI) water or another process fluid is flowed through a nonmetallic pipe and onto a semiconductor wafer. Static electric charge is discharged from the DI water or other process fluid flowing through the nonmetallic pipe via an electrically conductive material disposed on an outside of the nonmetallic pipe. The electrically conductive material disposed on the outside of the nonmetallic pipe is electrically grounded. The nonmetallic pipe may comprise fluoropolymer (PFA) based tubing. In some embodiments, the nonmetallic pipe includes: a PFA-NE pipe connected with a chamber or housing containing the wafer, and a second pipe connected with the PFA-NE pipe by a pipe connector, in which the second pipe is more electrically insulating than the PFA-NE pipe.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, initial connection patterns are prepared, initial cutting patterns for cutting the initial connection patterns are prepared, non-functional connection patterns at least from the initial connection patterns are identified, final cutting patterns are prepared from the initial cutting patterns and the non-functional connection patterns, a photo mask is prepared from the final cutting patterns, a photo resist pattern is formed over a target layer by a lithography operation using the photo mask, the target layer is patterned to form openings in the target layer by using the photo resist pattern, and connection layers are formed by filling the openings with a conductive material.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, initial connection patterns are prepared, initial cutting patterns for cutting the initial connection patterns are prepared, non-functional connection patterns at least from the initial connection patterns are identified, final cutting patterns are prepared from the initial cutting patterns and the non-functional connection patterns, a photo mask is prepared from the final cutting patterns, a photo resist pattern is formed over a target layer by a lithography operation using the photo mask, the target layer is patterned to form openings in the target layer by using the photo resist pattern, and connection layers are formed by filling the openings with a conductive material.

Abstract: In semiconductor manufacturing, deionized (DI) water or another process fluid is flowed through a nonmetallic pipe and onto a semiconductor wafer. Static electric charge is discharged from the DI water or other process fluid flowing through the nonmetallic pipe via an electrically conductive material disposed on an outside of the nonmetallic pipe. The electrically conductive material disposed on the outside of the nonmetallic pipe is electrically grounded. The nonmetallic pipe may comprise fluoropolymer (PFA) based tubing. In some embodiments, the nonmetallic pipe includes: a PFA-NE pipe connected with a chamber or housing containing the wafer, and a second pipe connected with the PFA-NE pipe by a pipe connector, in which the second pipe is more electrically insulating than the PFA-NE pipe.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, initial connection patterns are prepared, initial cutting patterns for cutting the initial connection patterns are prepared, non-functional connection patterns at least from the initial connection patterns are identified, final cutting patterns are prepared from the initial cutting patterns and the non-functional connection patterns, a photo mask is prepared from the final cutting patterns, a photo resist pattern is formed over a target layer by a lithography operation using the photo mask, the target layer is patterned to form openings in the target layer by using the photo resist pattern, and connection layers are formed by filling the openings with a conductive material.

Abstract: A method of evaluating a focus control of an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography apparatus includes preparing a wafer exposed by using the EUV lithography apparatus. The wafer includes test patterns formed of a photoresist and having circular islands or holes prepared by multiple exposures of EUV at different foci of exposure. The method further includes measuring a roughness parameter of the test patterns and estimating a function representing a dependence of the roughness parameter on the focus. A best focus is estimated based on an extremum of the function. Exposure wafers are then exposed to EUV with the best focus. The exposure wafers include the test patterns. The roughness parameter for the test patterns on the exposure wafers obtained by exposing the exposure wafers at the best focus is periodically measured. An abnormality in focus is then determined based on the measured roughness parameter and the function.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, initial connection patterns are prepared, initial cutting patterns for cutting the initial connection patterns are prepared, non-functional connection patterns at least from the initial connection patterns are identified, final cutting patterns are prepared from the initial cutting patterns and the non-functional connection patterns, a photo mask is prepared from the final cutting patterns, a photo resist pattern is formed over a target layer by a lithography operation using the photo mask, the target layer is patterned to form openings in the target layer by using the photo resist pattern, and connection layers are formed by filling the openings with a conductive material.

Abstract: A method of evaluating a focus control of an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography apparatus includes preparing a wafer exposed by using the EUV lithography apparatus. The wafer includes test patterns formed of a photoresist and having circular islands or holes prepared by multiple exposures of EUV at different foci of exposure. The method further includes measuring a roughness parameter of the test patterns and estimating a function representing a dependence of the roughness parameter on the focus. A best focus is estimated based on an extremum of the function. Exposure wafers are then exposed to EUV with the best focus. The exposure wafers include the test patterns. The roughness parameter for the test patterns on the exposure wafers obtained by exposing the exposure wafers at the best focus is periodically measured. An abnormality in focus is then determined based on the measured roughness parameter and the function.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, initial connection patterns are prepared, initial cutting patterns for cutting the initial connection patterns are prepared, non-functional connection patterns at least from the initial connection patterns are identified, final cutting patterns are prepared from the initial cutting patterns and the non-functional connection patterns, a photo mask is prepared from the final cutting patterns, a photo resist pattern is formed over a target layer by a lithography operation using the photo mask, the target layer is patterned to form openings in the target layer by using the photo resist pattern, and connection layers are formed by filling the openings with a conductive material.

Abstract: A method of evaluating a focus control of an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography apparatus includes preparing a wafer exposed by using the EUV lithography apparatus. The wafer includes test patterns formed of a photoresist and having circular islands or holes prepared by multiple exposures of EUV at different foci of exposure. The method further includes measuring a roughness parameter of the test patterns and estimating a function representing a dependence of the roughness parameter on the focus. A best focus is estimated based on an extremum of the function. Exposure wafers are then exposed to EUV with the best focus. The exposure wafers include the test patterns. The roughness parameter for the test patterns on the exposure wafers obtained by exposing the exposure wafers at the best focus is periodically measured. An abnormality in focus is then determined based on the measured roughness parameter and the function.

Abstract: A method of evaluating a focus control of an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography apparatus includes preparing a wafer exposed by using the EUV lithography apparatus. The wafer includes test patterns formed of a photoresist and having circular islands or holes prepared by multiple exposures of EUV at different foci of exposure. The method further includes measuring a roughness parameter of the test patterns and estimating a function representing a dependence of the roughness parameter on the focus. A best focus is estimated based on an extremum of the function. Exposure wafers are then exposed to EUV with the best focus. The exposure wafers include the test patterns. The roughness parameter for the test patterns on the exposure wafers obtained by exposing the exposure wafers at the best focus is periodically measured. An abnormality in focus is then determined based on the measured roughness parameter and the function.

Abstract: A method includes depositing an ESL on a substrate; patterning the ESL such that a first region of the substrate is covered thereby and a second region of the substrate is exposed within an opening of the etch stop layer; depositing a first dielectric layer on the ESL in the first region and on the substrate in the second region; patterning the first dielectric layer to form a first trench through the first dielectric layer in the first region; forming a metal feature in the first trench; depositing a second dielectric layer over the metal feature in the first region and over the first dielectric layer in the second region; and performing a patterning process to form a second trench through the second dielectric layer in the first region, and to form a third trench through the second and first dielectric layers in the second region.

Abstract: A method includes depositing an ESL on a substrate; patterning the ESL such that a first region of the substrate is covered thereby and a second region of the substrate is exposed within an opening of the etch stop layer; depositing a first dielectric layer on the ESL in the first region and on the substrate in the second region; patterning the first dielectric layer to form a first trench through the first dielectric layer in the first region; forming a metal feature in the first trench; depositing a second dielectric layer over the metal feature in the first region and over the first dielectric layer in the second region; and performing a patterning process to form a second trench through the second dielectric layer in the first region, and to form a third trench through the second and first dielectric layers in the second region.

Abstract: A method includes processing a first silicon wafer using a first focus condition, the first silicon wafer comprising: a first test pattern and a second test pattern, the first test pattern and the second test pattern being different. The method further includes determining a first critical dimension for the first test pattern, determining a second critical dimension for the second test pattern, determining a delta focus value based on the first critical dimension and the second critical dimension, and processing a second silicon wafer with a second focus condition, the second focus condition based on the delta focus value.