Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a traffic flow processing method. The method includes: generating and configuring first configuration information for a first edge node and second configuration information for the first relay node, where the first configuration information is used to: replicate a data packet included in a received traffic flow to obtain a first data packet and a second data packet, output, to a first relay node, the obtained first data packet, and output, to a second relay node, the obtained second data packet; generating and configuring second configuration information for the first relay node, where the second configuration information is used to: replicate the first data packet to obtain a third data packet and a fourth data packet, output, to the second relay node, the obtained third data packet, and obtain and output a first received data packet between the obtained fourth data packet and a fifth data packet received from the second relay node.

Abstract: A method for processing a service flow in a packet network and applied to a network device group including a first network device and a second network device coupled to the first network device includes the first network device: obtaining a first upstream service flow; receiving a second upstream service flow from the second network device; obtaining a third upstream service flow based on a first reference sequence number, a sequence number included in each upstream data packet in the first upstream service flow, and a sequence number included in each upstream data packet in the second upstream service flow, where a sequence number included in any upstream data packet in the third upstream service flow is greater than the first reference sequence number; and sending the third upstream service flow to a next hop node.

Abstract: A protection switching method provides a manner of transferring a protection switching message on an SRv6 data plane. In this manner, a first node can switch, after a fault occurs on an end-to-end transmission path of forward service traffic of the first node, a transmission path of the forward service traffic of the first node to another end-to-end transmission path, and send the forward service traffic through the transmission path after switching. In this manner, the first node only needs to store information about the another transmission path, and an intermediate node does not need to maintain a large amount of path state information and path configuration information.

Abstract: A method for generating forwarding information includes generating, by a controller, first forwarding information, wherein the first forwarding information comprises an identifier of a service chain comprising a first service processing entity (SPE) attached to a first service forwarding entity (SFE); generating, by the controller, second forwarding information, wherein the second forwarding information comprises the identifier of the service chain comprising a second SPE attached to a second SFE; sending, by the controller, the first forwarding information to the first SFE; and sending, by the controller, the second forwarding information to the second SFE. Hence, the controller generates forwarding information for the SFE such that a service chaining technology can be applied to a service environment in which a large quantity of services and a large quantity of service processing function units exist.

Abstract: This application relates to the field of communications technologies, and discloses a service forwarding method and a network device that performs such method. The method includes: forwarding, by a first network device, a data packet of a first service to a second network device in a period (T1); and if the data volume of the forwarded first service reaches a threshold, forwarding, by the first network device, a data packet of a second service to the second network device. The first service is a low-latency service, and the second service is a non-low-latency service. In addition, the period (T1) is determined based on a delay allowed by a device for forwarding the data packet of the first service, and the threshold is a value determined based on a maximum transmission rate of the first service.

Abstract: A method includes: a first network device obtains a synchronization mode indication and synchronization information, where the synchronization mode indication indicates a target network device to perform synchronization based on the synchronization information. The first network device sends the synchronization mode indication and the synchronization information through a network that supports FlexE. A second network device receives the synchronization mode indication and the synchronization information through a network that supports FlexE. The second network device performs synchronization based on the synchronization mode indication and the synchronization information.

Abstract: A method and network node for obtaining a target transmission path, where the method includes obtaining, by a first network node in a network domain, topology information of a plurality of network nodes on each path between an ingress node and an egress node that are in the network domain, obtaining, by the first network node, a transmission delay of each path according to the topology information, where the transmission delay of each path includes a sum of physical link delays between all network nodes on each path and node residence times of all the network nodes on each path, and determining, by the first network node, the target transmission path according to the transmission delay of each path.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application disclose a communication method and system applied to an MTN or an SPN. An MTN communication system includes a third communication apparatus connected to the first communication apparatus and the second communication apparatus by using a first MTN path and a second MTN path respectively. If the second MTN path is available, the third communication apparatus transmits data stream corresponding to a first client by using the second MTN path. If the second MTN path is unavailable, the third communication apparatus transmits the data stream corresponding to the first client by using the first MTN path, to ensure normal transmission of the data stream. In addition, the third communication apparatus may further implement load sharing.

Abstract: This application provides a method for obtaining a FIB of a device on a network. The network includes a verification system and a plurality of devices, and a first device is one of the plurality of devices. The first device receives a request message sent by the verification system, where the request message carries a command for obtaining a FIB of the first device that is generated at a specified time. The first device obtains the FIB or a FIB snapshot of the first device that is generated at the specified time. The first device adds the obtained FIB or FIB snapshot to a response message, and sends the response message to the verification system.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for processing a low-latency service flow, where the method includes that a first forwarding device obtains a low latency identifier corresponding to a first service flow, and obtains a second data packet based on the first data packet and the low latency identifier after determining that a received first data packet belongs to the first service flow, where the second data packet includes the first data packet and the low latency identifier, the low latency identifier instructing a forwarding device that receives the first service flow to forward the first service flow in a low-latency forwarding mode, and the low-latency forwarding mode is a mode in which fast forwarding of the first service flow is implemented under dynamic control, and the first forwarding device sends the second data packet to a second forwarding device in the low-latency forwarding mode.

Abstract: This application discloses a method for obtaining a network slice. The method includes: receiving, by a control device, a slice request sent by a user, where the slice request includes an identifier, and the identifier is used to identify isolation information of a slice requested by the user; obtaining, by the control device, a network slice based on the identifier and a resource topology, where the resource topology is used to describe a network topology and isolation information of N elements in the network topology, the N elements include at least one of a node and a link, N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the network slice includes a node and a link that are required for implementing the slice.

Abstract: This application provides a method for obtaining a FIB of a device on a network. The network includes a verification system and a plurality of devices, and a first device is one of the plurality of devices. The first device receives a request message sent by the verification system, where the request message carries a command for obtaining a FIB of the first device that is generated at a specified time. The first device obtains the FIB or a FIB snapshot of the first device that is generated at the specified time. The first device adds the obtained FIB or FIB snapshot to a response message, and sends the response message to the verification system.

Abstract: This application provides a method for obtaining a FIB of a device on a network. The network includes a verification system and a plurality of devices, and a first device is one of the plurality of devices. The first device receives a request message sent by the verification system, where the request message carries a command for obtaining a FIB of the first device that is generated at a specified time. The first device obtains the FIB or a FIB snapshot of the first device that is generated at the specified time. The first device adds the obtained FIB or FIB snapshot to a response message, and sends the response message to the verification system.

Abstract: This application discloses a method for obtaining a network slice. The method includes: receiving, by a control device, a slice request sent by a user, where the slice request includes an identifier, and the identifier is used to identify isolation information of a slice requested by the user; obtaining, by the control device, a network slice based on the identifier and a resource topology, where the resource topology is used to describe a network topology and isolation information of N elements in the network topology, the N elements include at least one of a node and a link, N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the network slice includes a node and a link that are required for implementing the slice.

Abstract: A method for processing a service flow in a packet network and applied to a network device group including a first network device and a second network device coupled to the first network device includes the first network device: obtaining a first upstream service flow; receiving a second upstream service flow from the second network device; obtaining a third upstream service flow based on a first reference sequence number, a sequence number included in each upstream data packet in the first upstream service flow, and a sequence number included in each upstream data packet in the second upstream service flow, where a sequence number included in any upstream data packet in the third upstream service flow is greater than the first reference sequence number; and sending the third upstream service flow to a next hop node.

Abstract: A multicast packet transmission method, apparatus, and system, where the method is applied to a multicast ring network and the method includes receiving, by a first network node in the multicast ring network through a first path in a clockwise direction of the multicast ring network, a first multicast packet from a second network node in the multicast ring network, receiving, by the first network node through a second path in an anticlockwise direction of the multicast ring network, a second multicast packet from the second network node, where a payload of the first multicast packet is the same as a payload of the second multicast packet, and forwarding, by the first network node, the first multicast packet or the second multicast packet to at least one multicast destination device connected to the first network node.

Abstract: This application discloses a method for obtaining a network slice. The method includes: receiving, by a control device, a slice request sent by a user, where the slice request includes an identifier, and the identifier is used to identify an isolation level of a slice requested by the user; obtaining, by the control device, an isolation type of the slice based on the identifier; and creating, by the control device, a network slice based on the isolation type of the slice and a resource topology, where the resource topology is used to describe a network topology and isolation capabilities of N elements in the network topology, the N elements include at least one of a node and a link, N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the network slice includes a node and a link that are required for implementing the slice.

Abstract: An embodiment provides a packet transmission method and apparatus, to resolve a problem that occurs when a packet cannot traverse a NAT device when VTEPs communicate with each other through the NAT device. The method is applied to a VXLAN including a first VTEP, a second VTEP, and a NAT device. The method includes: performing, by the first VTEP, VXLAN encapsulation on a first packet, obtaining a second packet; sending, by the first VTEP, the second packet to the second VTEP through the NAT device; and performing, by the second VTEP, VXLAN decapsulation on the received second packet, to obtain the first packet. The first packet is a packet to be sent by the first VTEP, a destination port number of the second packet is obtained based on a destination IP address of the second packet, and a source port number of the second packet is a preset port number.

Abstract: This application relates to the field of communications technologies, and discloses a service forwarding method and a network device that performs such method. The method includes: forwarding, by a first network device, a data packet of a first service to a second network device in a period (T1); and if the data volume of the forwarded first service reaches a threshold, forwarding, by the first network device, a data packet of a second service to the second network device. The first service is a low-latency service, and the second service is a non-low-latency service. In addition, the period (T1) is determined based on a delay allowed by a device for forwarding the data packet of the first service, and the threshold is a value determined based on a maximum transmission rate of the first service.

Abstract: A cell site gateway (CSG) determining method includes a first device obtains, before a first moment, a location range in which a mobile device is located at the first moment; and the first device obtains an identifier of at least one target CSG based on the location range before the first moment, where the at least one target CSG can provide downlink data transmission for the mobile device at the first moment. The target CSG that can provide the downlink data transmission for the mobile device at the first moment is further determined through estimation of the location range in which the mobile device is located at a subsequent first moment.