Abstract: Disclosed in the present invention is An improved rotated rectangular bounding box annotation method, used for taking as anchor boxes samples annotation and bounding box output at predicting of a target detection and tracking algorithm, wherein: coordinates of a central point C, a vector {right arrow over (CD)} from the coordinates of the central point C to any one vertex D, and a proportional coefficient of a vector {right arrow over (CP)} of a vector {right arrow over (CE)} on the vector {right arrow over (CD)} from the coordinates of the central point C to an adjacent vertex E of the vertex D, and a vector {right arrow over (CD)}; external constraints to be met: the vector {right arrow over (CP)} is in the same direction as the vector {right arrow over (CD)}, and the included angle from the vector {right arrow over (CD)} to the vector {right arrow over (CE)} is one of a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction; representation of an annotation vector {right arrow over (CD)}: the angle between the