Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a data sending method, a data receiving method, a transmit-end device, and a receive-end device. The data sending method provided in the embodiments of this application may include: performing scrambling code initialization to generate a scrambling code; scrambling a data block based on the scrambling code; repeatedly sending the scrambled data block; performing scrambling code initialization to generate a new scrambling code when an interval after previous scrambling code initialization of the data block is greater than or equal to a preset scrambling code initialization parameter threshold; scrambling the data block again based on the generated new scrambling code; and repeatedly sending the data block scrambled again. The embodiments of this application can improve efficiency of data transmission between a transmit-end device and a receive-end device.

Abstract: This application provides a channel transmission method, apparatus, and system for NB-IoT. An NB-IoT base station determines, based on the frequency hopping information, a time-frequency resource location of the channel after frequency hopping, and performs channel transmission with an NB-IoT terminal on a time-frequency resource corresponding to the time-frequency resource location, so that the frequency hopping is introduced into the NB-IoT, thereby increasing a gain of frequency diversity through the frequency hopping.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a method for determining a frequency resource, and an apparatus. The method includes: first determining, by user equipment (UE), a power headroom report; and subsequently sending, by the UE, the power headroom report (PHR) to a base station in a random access process, where the power headroom report may be carried by a related information segment of message 3 (Message 3) sent by the UE to the base station. According to the solutions provided in the present disclosure, a base station can obtain, in a timely manner, a basis for performing scheduling configuration when UE performs current uplink data transmission, and can more accurately configure power control and scheduling information for the UE. This avoids allocating the UE a channel that exceeds an uplink transmission capability of the UE, and thereby avoids an uplink bandwidth waste.

Abstract: A data transmission method in the present application includes: determining, by first UE, a frame structure in a time unit, where the frame structure indicates that N type-1 OFDM symbols and a GP are included in the time unit, and a subcarrier spacing of each type-1 OFDM symbol is ?f1. Therefore, according to the data transmission method and the user equipment in embodiments of the present application, a frame structure in a time unit is determined. The frame structure indicates that N type-1 OFDM symbols and a GP are included in the time unit, and a subcarrier spacing of each type-1 OFDM symbol is ?f1. Therefore, when an NB-IOT system is deployed in an LTE system in an embedded manner, and when NB-IOT UE is sending data, a channel resource of the legacy LTE system can be adequately utilized, and a conflict with a legacy LTE SRS can be avoided.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for obtaining an uplink-downlink carrier frequency spacing. The method for obtaining an uplink-downlink carrier frequency spacing may include initiating, by user equipment (UE), a request in a first cell to access an NB-IoT, and receiving an indication message sent by a base station. The method may also include determining, by the UE according to the indication information, an uplink-downlink carrier frequency spacing corresponding to the first cell. Therefore, the base station can notify the UE of the uplink-downlink carrier frequency spacing corresponding to the first cell, so that the terminal obtains a correct uplink carrier frequency.

Abstract: In a heterogeneous network with a shared cell-ID, the current power control mechanism only configures common power control parameters for all UE in a macro cell, and this doesn't match the receiving power of a wireless access point associated actually, and may lead to serious interferences. The invention provides a method used for uplink power control in a UE of a heterogeneous network with a shared cell-ID, wherein, a wireless access point informs the UE of power control parameters which is related to an associated wireless access point of the UE in the heterogeneous networks, the UE determines a uplink power according to the power control parameters, and transmits uplink data based on the determined uplink power. The invention may configure uplink power for the UEs associated to different wireless access points in a heterogeneous network with a shared cell-ID, to make them have the power control parameters matching with their wireless access points.

Abstract: The invention proposes methods of signaling MCS. Current standard does not support more MCS levels. A method in an e NB for signaling MCS, comprising steps of: i. generating (S12) a message with a first index, wherein the first index is used to select a MCS level from a first dataset, wherein the first dataset comprising any one of: one or more modulation types higher than 64QAM; and one or more combinations of given modulation types and code rates different from corresponding given code rates; and ii. Transmitting (S14) said message with said first index to a UE. A method in an UE for receiving MCS, comprising steps of: a. receiving from an e NB a message with a first index, wherein the first index is used to select a MCS level from a first dataset; and b. determining the MCS according to said first index and said first dataset. The present invention enable more MCS levels to be signaled to UE, which paves the way for these MCS levels to be implemented in LTE-A system.

Abstract: The present invention provides a reduced DMRS configuration and a method and apparatus for adaptively selecting a DMRS configuration. The method comprises: estimating channel change with respect to a target UE; and selecting one of a normal DMRS configuration or a reduced DMRS configuration for the target UE based on the estimated channel change, wherein, in the normal DMRS configuration, a DMRS symbol is assigned to each time slot, while in the reduced DMRS configuration, a DMRS symbol is assigned to each subframe.

Abstract: The invention provides a solution, in a reception point of a communication system, of providing a user equipment with a virtual cell ID, where firstly a virtual cell ID corresponding to the reception point is received from a network control device, the virtual cell ID being used for indicating a cluster to which the reception point belongs; then the virtual cell ID is provided to at least one user equipment served by the reception point; and finally resource index information corresponding to each user equipment among the at least one user equipment is transmitted respectively to the each user equipment.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for power control of a uplink control channel in a coordinated multi-point transmission system. The method comprises: performing the uplink control channel power control based on measured pathloss from a single reception point to the user equipment in a scenario of single-point reception of the uplink control channel; performing the uplink control channel power control by reducing uplink control channel transmission power of the user equipment to thereby reduce inter-cell interference incurred by multi-reception-point reception combining gain in a scenario of multi-point reception of the uplink control channel. Embodiments of the present invention further provide an apparatus for power control of a uplink control channel in a coordinated multi-point transmission system and a corresponding base station.

Abstract: The present invention proposes a method and device for controlling uplink power. A central processing unit firstly determines a path loss generation mode for a user equipment according to a predetermined rule and then transmits an instruction to the user equipment, the instruction including the determined path loss generation mode so that the user equipment determines uplink power of fee user equipment according to the path loss generation mode. A user equipment acquires an instruction from a central processing unit to indicate a path loss generation mode of the user equipment, then determines a path loss of the user equipment according to the path loss generation mode indicated by the central processing unit, and then acquires uplink transmission power of the user equipment according to the determined path loss of the user equipment.

Abstract: According to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, a wireless access point apparatus in a multi-point coordination system of a heterogeneous network obtains all pathlosses of all coordination micro wireless access points in a coordination set of a user equipment; obtains a real pathlosss from the user equipment to a macro wireless access point; calculates a virtual pathloss from a virtual user equipment corresponding to the user equipment to the macro wireless access point based on the obtained respective pathloss and; and informs the user equipment of information related to the computed virtual pathloss. A user equipment in a multi-point coordination system of a heterogeneous network receives information related to a virtual pathloss from a wireless access point acting as a scheduling network element; and performs power control using an uplink open-loop power control parameter for a macro wireless access point based on the information related to the virtual pathloss.

Abstract: In a heterogeneous network with a shared cell-ID, the current power control mechanism only configures common power control parameters for all UE in a macro cell, and this doesn't match the receiving power of a wireless access point associated actually, and may lead to serious interferences. The invention provides a method used for uplink power control in a UE of a heterogeneous network with a shared cell-ID, wherein, a wireless access point informs the UE of power control parameters which is related to an associated wireless access point of the UE in the heterogeneous networks, the UE determines a uplink power according to the power control parameters, and transmits uplink data based on the determined uplink power. The invention may configure uplink power for the UEs associated to different wireless access points in a heterogeneous network with a shared cell-ID, to make them have the power control parameters matching with their wireless access points.

Abstract: A reflector device to be utilized with light emitting diodes (LEDs), and particularly with high-flux LEDs. In the reflector structure individual reflector portions surround at least one LED. Light output from each individual LED is reflected by sloping walls of each individual reflector portion and is redirected. As a result, light that may otherwise be lost is redirected to a more useful direction. Each individual reflector portion can have a cross-section of a conic shape, a complicated curve, and can also be oval in shape. A light device is realized by utilizing such a master reflector with an LED light source.

Abstract: A reflector device to be utilized with light emitting diodes (LEDs), and particularly with high-flux LEDs. In the reflector structure individual reflector portions surround at least one LED. Light output from each individual LED is reflected by sloping walls of each individual reflector portion and is redirected. As a result, light that may otherwise be lost is redirected to a more useful direction. Each individual reflector portion can have a cross-section of a conic shape, a complicated curve, and can also be oval in shape. A light device can be realized by utilizing such a master reflector with an LED light source.

Abstract: A shielding and grounding assembly for conductive jacketed cables routed out of electronic equipment includes a conductive enclosure surrounding the equipment with circular openings to allow the cables to pass therethrough. Each circular opening is surrounded by a cylindrical flange. A flexible sheet formed of a conductive material is wrapped around the bundle of cables passing through each opening. The sheet is secured at a first end to the flange and at a second end to the bundle of cables.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a lamp assembly which can be utilized in overhead signaling or lighting applications such as in traffic signal lamps or illuminated overhead road signs. The assembly includes a lens that optimizes and redirects light in a desirable direction in order to meet certain regulations. The lens of the present invention is designed to power portions of light emitted from an LED while allowing other portions to pass through the lens unaided. The lens of the present invention works in combination with specific LEDs to efficiently redirect light emitted from the LEDs. The assembly includes a circuit board including a plurality of rows of LEDs and the lens, which has an exterior surface and an interior surface. The interior surface of the lens comprises a plurality of rows of horizontal bands with a single band being associated with a row of the LEDs.