Abstract: A flow heater is described that has a housing in which a flow channel extends from a liquid inlet to a liquid outlet. The heater has a metal plate along which the flow channel runs, and the metal plate carries a heating resistor. Provision is made for the metal plate to carry a corrugated sheet that protrudes into the flow channel and has openings through which the liquid that is to be heated can pass.

Abstract: A serial communication protocol for daisy-chained slave devices does away with the requirement for an entire byte of dummy clocks to be cycled between a slave's input and output, instead requiring a shorter set of dummy clock cycles which improves efficiency of a serial communication system. According to a specification of a serial communications protocol, data is exchanged between master and slave devices in communication frames. Each communication frame has a command portion and a data portion, and each respective portion may comprise packages of one or more bytes.

Abstract: A serial communication protocol for daisy-chained slave devices does away with the requirement for an entire byte of dummy clocks to be cycled between a slave's input and output, instead requiring a shorter set of dummy clock cycles which improves efficiency of a serial communication system. According to a specification of a serial communications protocol, data is exchanged between master and slave devices in communication frames. Each communication frame has a command portion and a data portion, and each respective portion may comprise packages of one or more bytes.