Abstract: A method for manufacturing a phase mask and a lens-less camera module comprises the steps of: obtaining a replica mold on which an inverted phase shift pattern is formed in which a phase shift pattern of a master phase mask spaced apart from an image sensor is inverted; calculating a thickness of a phase mask disposed on the image sensor replacing the master phase mask; arranging a photocurable material for implementing the phase mask on the image sensor to a calculated thickness, placing the replica mold on an upper surface of the photocurable material, and then curing the photocurable material; and removing the replica mold from the top of the phase mask, so that the focal distance change or parallel movement does not occur depending on the position of the phase mask.

Abstract: A highly durable electrolyte membrane using cerium oxide supported with an alloy catalyst that is a hydrogen-oxygen reaction catalyst for improving chemical durability of an electrolyte membrane increases durability of a membrane-electrode assembly including the same and decreases the manufacturing cost thereof.

Abstract: A sensing unit includes a base, first electrodes, an insulating layer, second electrodes, and third electrodes. The first electrodes are arranged on the base, extend in a first direction, and are spaced apart from each other in a second direction different from the first direction. The first insulating layer is disposed on the first electrodes. The second electrodes are electrically insulated from the first electrodes by the insulating layer, extend in the second direction, and are spaced apart from each other in the first direction. The third electrodes are electrically insulated from the first electrodes by the insulating layer, extend in the second direction, and are electrically insulated from the second electrodes. The second electrodes and the third electrodes are alternately arranged in the first direction. The third electrodes may receive a driving signal or a sensing signal according to a sensing mode.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for transmitting data in a communication system with a plurality of antennas. The transmitter generates a first pilot signal and a second pilot signal. Data, the first pilot signal, and the second pilot signal are transmitted over a wireless network. The first pilot signal is transmitted at a first position in a time domain in each transmission time interval of the data over each frequency in a frequency domain used to transmit the data, and the second pilot signal is transmitted at a second position known by the transmitter and a receiver in the time domain and the frequency domain of a transmission time interval.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for transmitting and receiving data in a wireless communication system. Resource allocation information is received and hopping-related information is identified. A resource for transmitting data is determined based on the resource allocation information and hopping-related information, and data is transmitted on the determined resource. A sub-band is determined from a plurality of sub-bands based on the first hopping parameter and a resource in the determined sub-band is determined based on the second hopping parameter.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is provided for generating one packet with transmission data and transmitting the packet from an access network transceiver system (ANTS) to a plurality of access terminals (ATs) in a mobile communication system including the ATs and the ANTS which are capable of performing packet data communication with ATs located in coverage thereof. The method includes the steps of generating a medium access control (MAC) header including information on a receiving AT's address, a length and format for transmission data, generating a MAC payload, by consecutively connecting data units to be transmitted to the receiving AT, and generating a MAC trailer. The ANTS pads ‘0’ bits to the MAC header if a predetermined MAC size is greater than a sum of lengths of the MAC header, the MAC payload and the MAC trailer.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for transmitting and receiving data in a wireless communication system. Resource allocation information is received and hopping-related information is identified. A resource for transmitting data is determined based on the resource allocation information and hopping-related information, and data is transmitted on the determined resource. A sub-band is determined from a plurality of sub-bands based on the first hopping parameter and a resource in the determined sub-band is determined based on the second hopping parameter.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for transmitting and receiving data in a wireless communication system. Resource allocation information is received and hopping-related information is identified. A resource for transmitting data is determined based on the resource allocation information and hopping-related information, and data is transmitted on the determined resource. A sub-band is determined from a plurality of sub-bands based on the first hopping parameter and a resource in the determined sub-band is determined based on the second hopping parameter.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for transmitting data in a communication system with a plurality of antennas. The transmitter generates a first pilot signal and a second pilot signal. Data, the first pilot signal, and the second pilot signal are transmitted over a wireless network. The first pilot signal is transmitted at a first position in a time domain in each transmission time interval of the data over each frequency in a frequency domain used to transmit the data, and the second pilot signal is transmitted at a second position known by the transmitter and a receiver in the time domain and the frequency domain of a transmission time interval.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for transmitting and receiving data in a communication system with a plurality of antennas. A method includes informing information related to a transmission time interval for transmission based on a second type reference signal; and transmitting data based on the second type reference signal in the transmission time interval defined by the information related to the transmission time interval for transmission based on the second type reference signal. The transmission time interval defined by the information related to the transmission time interval for transmission based on the second type reference signal is located on a fixed position within a period including a plurality of transmission time intervals.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for transmitting and receiving data in a wireless communication system. Resource allocation information is received and hopping-related information is identified. A resource for transmitting data is determined based on the resource allocation information and hopping-related information, and data is transmitted on the determined resource. A sub-band is determined from a plurality of sub-bands based on the first hopping parameter and a resource in the determined sub-band is determined based on the second hopping parameter.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for transmitting and receiving uplink data in a wireless communication system. Hopping-related information is received at a mobile station from a base station. Resource allocation information is received at the mobile station from the base station. The uplink data is transmitted from the mobile station to the base station through at least one resource determined based on a sequence for sub-band hopping and a sequence for local hopping.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for transmitting and receiving uplink data in a wireless communication system. Hopping-related information is received at a mobile station from a base station. Resource allocation information is received at the mobile station from the base station. The uplink data is transmitted from the mobile station to the base station through at least one resource determined based on a sequence for sub-band hopping and a sequence for local hopping.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for transmitting and receiving uplink data in a wireless communication system. Hopping-related information is received at a mobile station from a base station. Resource allocation information is received at the mobile station from the base station. The uplink data is transmitted from the mobile station to the base station through at least one resource determined based on a sequence for sub-band hopping and a sequence for local hopping.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for transmitting and receiving data in a communication system with a plurality of antennas. A method includes informing information related to a transmission time interval for transmission based on a second type reference signal; and transmitting data based on the second type reference signal in the transmission time interval defined by the information related to the transmission time interval for transmission based on the second type reference signal. The transmission time interval defined by the information related to the transmission time interval for transmission based on the second type reference signal is located on a fixed position within a period including a plurality of transmission time intervals.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is provided for generating one packet with transmission data and transmitting the packet from an access network transceiver system (ANTS) to a plurality of access terminals (ATs) in a mobile communication system including the ATs and the ANTS which are capable of performing packet data communication with ATs located in coverage thereof. The method includes the steps of generating a medium access control (MAC) header including information on a receiving AT's address, a length and format for transmission data, generating a MAC payload, by consecutively connecting data units to be transmitted to the receiving AT, and generating a MAC trailer. The ANTS pads ‘0’ bits to the MAC header if a predetermined MAC size is greater than a sum of lengths of the MAC header, the MAC payload and the MAC trailer.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is provided for generating one packet with transmission data and transmitting the packet from an access network transceiver system (ANTS) to a plurality of access terminals (ATs) in a mobile communication system including the ATs and the ANTS which are capable of performing packet data communication with ATs located in coverage thereof. The method includes the steps of generating a medium access control (MAC) header including information on a receiving AT's address, a length and format for transmission data, generating a MAC payload by consecutively connecting data units to be transmitted to the receiving AT, and generating a MAC trailer. The ANTS pads ‘0’ bits to the MAC header if a predetermined MAC size is greater than a sum of lengths of the MAC header, the MAC payload and the MAC trailer.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for transmitting and receiving data in a communication system with a plurality of antennas. Data and a first pilot are generated. The first pilot is transmitted at a first position in a frequency domain that corresponds to a position of the generated data in the frequency domain and at a first position in a time domain that is with the generated data, in every transmission time interval of the data. A second pilot is generated. The second pilot is transmitted at predetermined second positions in the time domain and the frequency domain, in a transmission time interval that is predefined by a transmitter and a receiver.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting/receiving data in a mobile communication system using multiple antennas are provided. A receiver estimates a fading channel of received data, selects a weight set relative to a maximum data transmission rate from at least one weight set with elements of a plurality of orthogonal weight vectors, and transmits feedback information including the selected weight set and channel-by-channel state information to a transmitter. The transmitter demultiplexes data to be transmitted on a basis of the feedback information into at least one sub-data stream, multiplies each sub-data stream by an associated weight, and transmits the data.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting/receiving data in a mobile communication system using multiple antennas are provided. A receiver estimates a fading channel of received data, selects a weight set relative to a maximum data transmission rate from at least one weight set with elements of a plurality of orthogonal weight vectors, and transmits feedback information including the selected weight set and channel-by-channel state information to a transmitter. The transmitter demultiplexes data to be transmitted on a basis of the feedback information into at least one sub-data stream, multiplies each sub-data stream by an associated weight, and transmits the data.