Abstract: An optical transmission system converts a first electrical signal into an optical signal, transmits the converted optical signal, and converts the transmitted optical signal into a second electrical signal. The optical transmission system includes an electrooptic conversion device, an optical transmission path, and a photoelectric conversion device. The first electrical signal includes a high-frequency communication signal of above 9 MHz and 10 GHz or less. The optical transmission system further includes an additional signal generating device for generating a low-frequency additional signal having a frequency of 1 Hz or more and 9 MHz or less. The electrooptic conversion device converts the first electrical signal including the additional signal generated in the additional signal generating device and the communication signal into the optical signal.

Abstract: A determining apparatus includes a skeleton estimating unit configured to estimate a skeleton position of a processing-target ruminant from a photographed image; an extracting unit configured to extract a region of the processing-target ruminant from the photographed image; a cutting unit configured to cut a determining area for performing action determining of the processing-target ruminant based on the estimated skeleton position and the extracted region; and a determining unit configured to perform the action determining of the processing-target ruminant based on the cut determining area.

Abstract: An abnormality detecting system for detecting an abnormality of an animal that is a monitoring target is provided. The abnormality detecting system includes a inferring unit configured to infer on a per-predeterinined-time-period basis whether a ruminating action of an animal that is a monitoring target occurs, by inputting time-series data from a motion sensor placed on a predetermined portion of the animal into a time-series model; and a determining unit configured to calculate a rumination rate that is a rate at which the inferring unit infers that the ruminating action occurs, and, in response to the rumination rate satisfying a predetermined condition, determine that an abnormality of the animal is detected.

Abstract: An abnormality detecting system includes a first identification unit configured to identify a state of an animal that is a monitoring target in each time range, based on time-series data from a motion sensor placed on a predetermined portion of the animal that is a monitoring target; a first calculation unit configured to calculate a transition probability from the state at a predetermined timing of each time range identified by the first identification unit to a next state; and a determining unit configured to determine that an abnormality of the animal that is a monitoring target is detected when a score calculated based on the transition probability to the next state satisfies a predetermined condition.