Abstract: An apparatus includes a build plate, a powder application apparatus that applies metal powder onto the build plate to form a powder layer, a beam irradiation apparatus that irradiates the powder layer with an electron beam, and a control unit that controls the powder application apparatus and the beam irradiation apparatus. When the powder layer is preheated by irradiation with the electron beam, the control unit sets a beam size and an irradiation position of the electron beam such that lines of the electron beam do not overlap each other at least at a start of preheating, and controls the beam irradiation apparatus to gradually increase at least one of a beam current and the beam size of the electron beam from the start of preheating to an end of preheating.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a build plate, a powder application apparatus that applies metal powder onto the build plate to form a powder layer, a beam irradiation apparatus that irradiates the powder layer with an electron beam, and a control unit that controls the powder application apparatus and the beam irradiation apparatus. When the powder layer is preheated by irradiation with the electron beam, the control unit sets a beam size and an irradiation position of the electron beam such that lines of the electron beam do not overlap each other at least at a start of preheating, and controls the beam irradiation apparatus to gradually increase at least one of a beam current and the beam size of the electron beam from the start of preheating to an end of preheating.

Abstract: A three-dimensional PBF-AM apparatus includes: a build plate on which a powder material is spread in layers; and a beam irradiation device which irradiates the powder material spread on the build plate with a beam. The beam irradiation device divides a build region of the powder material spread on the build plate into a plurality of lines and performs beam scanning to melt the powder material in the build region line by line, and performs dummy scanning to scan the beam in a state that does not cause melting of the powder material between an end of beam scanning of an M-th (M is a natural number) line and a start of beam scanning of an (M+1)th line.

Abstract: An impedance adjustment circuit includes a counter circuit outputting a count value thereof as a plurality of first impedance adjustment signals, a mode selection circuit setting a second impedance adjustment signal to be in an active/inactive state irrespective of the count value, and a level fixing circuit fixing a third impedance adjustment signal to be in an active state. A pre-stage circuit generates a plurality of first output control signals, a second output control signal, and a third output control signal in response to the first impedance adjustment signals, the second impedance adjustment signal, and the third impedance adjustment signal, respectively, and a data signal. An output circuit includes a plurality of first transistors, a second transistor, and a third transistor connected in parallel to each other between an output terminal and a first power supply wiring.

Abstract: An impedance adjustment circuit includes a counter circuit outputting a count value thereof as a plurality of first impedance adjustment signals, a mode selection circuit setting a second impedance adjustment signal to be in an active/inactive state irrespective of the count value, and a level fixing circuit fixing a third impedance adjustment signal to be in an active state. A pre-stage circuit generates a plurality of first output control signals, a second output control signal, and a third output control signal in response to the first impedance adjustment signals, the second impedance adjustment signal, and the third impedance adjustment signal, respectively, and a data signal. An output circuit includes a plurality of first transistors, a second transistor, and a third transistor connected in parallel to each other between an output terminal and a first power supply wiring.

Abstract: An impedance adjustment circuit includes a counter circuit outputting a count value thereof as a plurality of first impedance adjustment signals, a mode selection circuit setting a second impedance adjustment signal to be in an active/inactive state irrespective of the count value, and a level fixing circuit fixing a third impedance adjustment signal to be in an active state. A pre-stage circuit generates a plurality of first output control signals, a second output control signal, and a third output control signal in response to the first impedance adjustment signals, the second impedance adjustment signal, and the third impedance adjustment signal, respectively, and a data signal. An output circuit includes a plurality of first transistors, a second transistor, and a third transistor connected in parallel to each other between an output terminal and a first power supply wiring.

Abstract: An impedance adjustment circuit includes a counter circuit outputting a count value thereof as a plurality of first impedance adjustment signals, a mode selection circuit setting a second impedance adjustment signal to be in an active/inactive state irrespective of the count value, and a level fixing circuit fixing a third impedance adjustment signal to be in an active state. A pre-stage circuit generates a plurality of first output control signals, a second output control signal, and a third output control signal in response to the first impedance adjustment signals, the second impedance adjustment signal, and the third impedance adjustment signal, respectively, and a data signal. An output circuit includes a plurality of first transistors, a second transistor, and a third transistor connected in parallel to each other between an output terminal and a first power supply wiring.