Abstract: The process cartridge is configured such that a toner flow path formed of an inner wall of the developing chamber and the surface of the toner supplying roller is formed upstream of the toner supplying roller in a rotation direction with respect to the position where the developing roller is in contact with the toner supplying roller, a closest distance between the inner wall of the developing chamber and the surface of the toner supplying roller in the toner flow path is 1.0 mm or greater and 5.0 mm or less, a peripheral speed ratio R between the developing roller and the toner supplying roller satisfies a range of 1.1 to 2.5, and a toner satisfying a predetermined requirement is used.

Abstract: The process cartridge includes a developing roller, a toner supplying roller, a toner regulating member, and a toner, a movement direction of a surface of the developing roller is opposite to a movement direction of a surface of the toner supplying roller in a position where the surface of the developing roller is in contact with the surface of the toner supplying roller, the developing roller and the toner supplying roller are formed such that a peripheral speed ratio R satisfies a range of 1.1 to 2.5, and the toner satisfying predetermined requirements is used.

Abstract: A process cartridge is configured such that a movement direction of a surface of a developing roller is opposite to a movement direction of a surface of a toner supplying roller in a position where the developing roller is in contact with the toner supplying roller, the developing roller and the toner supplying roller rotate to satisfy a peripheral speed ratio R of 1.1 to 2.5, and a toner satisfying predetermined requirements is used.

Abstract: The powder adhesive comprises a thermoplastic resin and particles of an aromatic compound, wherein the particles of an aromatic compound are particles of a compound that has an aromatic ring and an azo bond bonded to the aromatic ring, or are particles of a compound comprising a heteroaromatic ring comprising nitrogen atom; the thermoplastic resin comprises an ester group; and, designating Es (mmol/g) as an ester group concentration in the thermoplastic resin, M (mass %) as a content of the aromatic compound particles in the powder adhesive, and N (mmol/g) as a nitrogen atom concentration in the aromatic compound particles, Es is from 1.0 mmol/g to 4.5 mmol/g, M is from 1.0×10?4 mass % to 1.0×100 mass %, and N is from 5.0 mmol/g to 15.0 mmol/g.

Abstract: An electrophotographic developer set comprising a toner, and a powder adhesive, wherein the powder adhesive comprises a crystalline polyester resin, and a thermoplastic resin other than the crystalline polyester resin; the amount of the crystalline polyester resin in the powder adhesive is 21% by mass or more; the melting point of the crystalline polyester resin is 55° C. to 100° C.; in a viscoelasticity measurement, where Gt?(100) denotes a storage elastic modulus of the toner at 100° C. and Gb?(100) denotes a storage elastic modulus of the powder adhesive at 100° C., Gb?(100) is 1.0×105 Pa or less and Gt?(100)/Gb?(100) is 1.2 or more.

Abstract: A production method of a toner having a toner particle that contains a binder resin and an external additive that is externally added to the toner particle, wherein the production method has a toner particle dispersion step of obtaining a toner particle dispersion by dispersing the toner particle and an inorganic dispersant in an aqueous medium; and an external addition step of externally adding the external additive to the toner particle through addition of the external additive to the toner particle dispersion.

Abstract: An electrophotographic developer set comprising a toner comprising a thermoplastic resin and a wax, and a powder adhesive comprising a thermoplastic resin and a wax, wherein where Ea (mmol/g) denotes an ester group concentration of the wax contained in the toner, Na (mass %) denotes a content of the wax in the toner, Eb (mmol/g) denotes an ester group concentration of the wax contained in the powder adhesive, and Nb (mass %) denotes a content of the wax in the powder adhesive, the Ea, the Na, the Eb and the Nb satisfy the following formulae: 0.00?Ea?2.45, 2.50?Eb?3.60, and 0.80?Nb/Na.

Abstract: A hot-melt adhesive comprising a thermoplastic resin and a first crystalline material, wherein when in differential scanning calorimetric measurement of the hot-melt adhesive, Tc (° C.) is a peak temperature of the highest peak of exothermic peaks observed in a temperature reduction process at 10° C./min following heating to 150° C. and Tm (° C.) is a peak temperature of the highest peak of endothermic peaks observed in a temperature increasing process at 10° C./min following the temperature reduction process, Tm?Tc is 20.0 to 70.0° C., and a tetrahydrofuran-soluble matter of the hot-melt adhesive has a weight-average molecular weight Mw, as measured by gel permeation chromatography, of 100,000 to 400,000.

Abstract: A toner comprising a toner particle, the toner particle comprising a resin, wherein, where a chloroform-soluble component of the resin is analyzed by gradient LC analysis using acetonitrile as a poor solvent and chloroform as a good solvent for the chloroform-soluble component of the resin, a peak detected in a range of a ratio of chloroform in the mobile phase of 50.0 to 75.0% by volume and a peak detected in a range of a ratio of chloroform in the mobile phase of 75.0 to 95.0% by volume satisfy a specific relationship.

Abstract: A magnetic toner comprising a toner particle, the toner particle comprising a magnetic body, a crystalline resin A, and an amorphous resin B. The crystalline resin A has a monomer unit (a). The amorphous resin B has a monomer unit (b). A content of the crystalline resin A in the toner is 6.2 to 77.0 mass %. The sum of contents of the crystalline resin A and the amorphous resin B in the toner is 30.0 mass % or more. A content of the monomer unit (a) in the crystalline resin A is 50.0 to 100.0 mass %. Using SPA [(J/cm3)0.5] for a SP value of the crystalline resin A and using SPB [(J/cm3)0.5] for a SP value of the amorphous resin B, SPA and SPB satisfy 0.15?SPB?SPA?2.00.

Abstract: A toner comprising a toner particle, the toner particle comprises a binder resin. The binder resin comprises an amorphous resin A and a crystalline resin C. T1, T2 and T3 satisfy specific relationships, where, in a viscoelasticity measurement of the toner, T1 (° C.) represents a temperature at which a storage elastic modulus G? is 3.0×107 Pa, T2 (° C.) represents temperature at which the storage elastic modulus G? is 1.0×107 Pa, and T3 (° C.) represents a temperature at which the storage elastic modulus G? is 3.0×106 Pa. A storage elastic modulus G? (100) at 100° C. is in a specific range. In an observation of a cross section of the toner, a matrix-domain structure having a matrix by the crystalline resin C and domains by the amorphous resin A is observed, an area ratio and a number-basis average surface area of the domains are in specific ranges.

Abstract: A toner comprising a toner particle, the toner particle comprising a binder resin, wherein T1, T2, T3, tan ?(T2), and tan ?(T2?10) satisfy expressions (1) to (4): T3?T1?10 ??(1) 50?T2?70 ??(2) 0.30?tan ?(T2)?1.00 ??(3) 1.00?tan ?(T2)/tan ?(T2?10)?1.90 ??(4). Where, in measurement of viscoelasticity of the toner, T1(° C.) represents a temperature at which a storage elastic modulus G? is 3.0×107 Pa, T2(° C.) represents a temperature at which the storage elastic modulus G? is 1.0×107 Pa, T3(° C.) represents a temperature at which the storage elastic modulus G? is 3.0×106 Pa, tan ?(T2) represents a ratio (tan ?) of a loss elastic modulus G? to the storage elastic modulus G? at the temperature T2(° C.), and tan ?(T2?10) represents the ratio (tan ?) at a temperature: T2?10(° C.).

Abstract: A nonmagnetic toner comprises a nonmagnetic toner particle. The nonmagnetic toner particle comprises a crystalline resin A, an amorphous resin B, and a colorant. The crystalline resin A has a monomer unit (a). the amorphous resin B has a monomer unit (b). A content of the crystalline resin A in the nonmagnetic toner is 10.0 to 58.0 mass %. The sum of the contents of the crystalline resin A and the amorphous resin B in the nonmagnetic toner is 65.0 mass % or more. A content of the monomer unit (a) in the crystalline resin A is 50.0 to 100.0 mass %. Using SPA [(J/cm3)0.5] for a SP value of the crystalline resin A and using SPB [(J/cm3)0.5] for a SP value of the amorphous resin B, SPA and SPB satisfy 0.15?SPB?SPA?2.00.

Abstract: It is possible to provide a microchannel device with excellent resistance to bending and suppressed deterioration in inspection accuracy. A microchannel device has a channel sandwiched between channel walls formed in an inside a porous substrate, the channel wall contains a thermoplastic resin and a wax, and a proportion of the wax in an area of a surface side of the channel wall facing the channel is higher than a proportion of the wax inside the channel wall.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a microchannel device that has a channel sandwiched between channel walls formed in an inside of a porous substrate, wherein the channel wall contains a thermoplastic resin and a colorant, and wherein an abundance ratio of the colorant is higher in the porous substrate surface area of the channel wall than in an internal area of the channel wall. In the configuration of the present disclosure, since more of the colorant exist on the surface side of the porous substrate in the channel wall, the visibility of the channel is increased, and in addition, since the amount of the colorant in the internal portion of the channel wall is small, the elution of the ions contained in the colorant into the specimen is suppressed, and the measurement accuracy is increased.

Abstract: A toner having a toner particle including a toner base particle and an organosilicon polymer coating the toner base particle, wherein when S1 (?m2) is a total area of a non-coated part not coated with the organosilicon polymer on an outermost surface of the toner particle, S2 (?m2) is a total area of a coated part coated with the organosilicon polymer on the outermost surface of the toner particle, and SA1 (?m2) is a total of areas of non-coated part domains D1 with an area of not more than 0.10 ?m2 in size in the non-coated part not coated with the organosilicon polymer, formulae (1) and (2) below are satisfied. 0.45?[S2/(S1+S2)]?0.65??(1) (SA1/S1)?0.

Abstract: A toner comprising a toner particle that contains a binder resin and a wax, wherein the toner particle contains an organosilicon polymer as given by formula (1) below; R1—SiO3/2??(1), in formula (1), R1 is an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbons; in a cross section of the toner particle observed using a transmission electron microscope, in terms of a distance A from the centroid of the cross section of the toner particle to a contour of the cross section, the organosilicon polymer is present in a region that is not more than 80% of the distance A from the centroid; and an absolute value of a difference between an SP value of the organosilicon polymer and an SP value of the wax is not more than 0.70 (cal/cm3)1/2.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic developer set having a toner and a powder adhesive, wherein the toner comprises a thermoplastic resin A; the powder adhesive comprises a thermoplastic resin B and a wax A; the wax A has two or more ester groups in the molecule; the thermoplastic resin B has an ester group; and in a viscoelasticity measurement, with Gt?(100) (Pa) being a storage elastic modulus at 100° C. of the toner, and Gb?(100) (Pa) being a storage elastic modulus at 100° C. of the powder adhesive, Gb?(100) is 1.00×105 Pa or less, and Gt?(100)/Gb?(100) is 1.20 or more, as well as a method for producing a bonded product using the above electrophotographic developer set.

Abstract: Provided is a toner containing a toner particle comprising a binder resin and an organosilicon polymer, wherein the organosilicon polymer contains an organosilicon polymer particle, the organosilicon polymer particle has a structure represented by the following formula (1): R1—SiO3/2??(1) in formula (1), R1 is a C1-4 alkyl group, and in cross-sectional observation of the toner particle by transmission electron microscopy, the organosilicon polymer particle is present in a region extending up to 80% of the distance A from the centroid out of the total distance A from the centroid of the toner particle cross-section to the contour of the cross-section, and the particle diameter of the organosilicon polymer particle is from 10 nm to 200 nm.

Abstract: A hot-melt adhesive comprising a thermoplastic resin and a first crystalline material, wherein when in differential scanning calorimetric measurement of the hot-melt adhesive, Tc (° C.) is a peak temperature of the highest peak of exothermic peaks observed in a temperature reduction process at 10° C./min following heating to 150° C. and Tm (° C.) is a peak temperature of the highest peak of endothermic peaks observed in a temperature increasing process at 10° C./min following the temperature reduction process, Tm-Tc is 20.0 to 70.0° C., and a tetrahydrofuran-soluble matter of the hot-melt adhesive has a weight-average molecular weight Mw, as measured by gel permeation chromatography, of 100,000 to 400,000.