Abstract: Methods of etching an inorganic layer on a glass substrate are described, the methods comprising contacting the glass substrate including an inorganic layer with an etching solution comprising a polar organic solvent and an etchant, wherein the inorganic layer is removed at an inorganic layer etching rate and the glass substrate is etched as a glass etching rate.

Abstract: Methods of forming a glass article are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method of forming a glass article includes translating a pulsed laser beam on a glass substrate sheet to form a laser damage region between a first surface and a second surface of the glass substrate sheet. The method further includes applying an etchant solution to the glass substrate sheet to remove a portion of the glass substrate sheet about the laser damage region. The method may further include strengthening the glass substrate sheet by an ion-exchange strengthening process, and coating the glass substrate sheet with an acid-resistant coating. Also disclosed are methods where the laser damage region has an initial geometry that changes to a desired geometry following the reforming of the glass substrate sheet such that the initial geometry of the laser damage region compensates for the bending of the glass substrate sheet.

Abstract: A glass sensor substrate including metallizable through vias and related process is provided. The glass substrate has a first major surface, a second major surface and an average thickness of greater than 0.3 mm. A plurality of etch paths are created through the glass substrate by directing a laser at the substrate in a predetermined pattern. A plurality of through vias through the glass substrate are etched along the etch paths using a hydroxide based etching material. The hydroxide based etching material highly preferentially etches the substrate along the etch path. Each of the plurality of through vias is long compared to their diameter for example such that a ratio of the thickness of the glass substrate to a maximum diameter of each of the through vias is greater than 8 to 1.

Abstract: A decorated glass-ceramic article, including: at least three different gloss contrast regions having at least three gloss levels having a relative gloss difference of at least 20 units when measured at from at least one incidence angle of: 20 degrees, 60 degrees, or 85 degrees. Also disclosed is a method of decorating a surface to have one or more contrast levels on at least a portion of the surface of an original substrate, as defined herein.

Abstract: A method of forming a glass substrate includes providing a glass substrate having alumina, translating a pulsed laser beam on the glass substrate to form one or more pilot holes, contacting the glass substrate with an etching solution, and providing agitation. The etching solution has a pH from about 0 to about 2.0, and an etch rate is less than about 3 ?m/min. A glass substrate is disclosed having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface in a thickness direction, and at least one hole penetrating the first surface, wherein the at least one hole has been etched by an etching solution. A greatest distance d1 between (1) a first plane that contacts the first surface in regions that do not have the at least one hole or a deviation in a thickness of the substrate surrounding the at least one hole and (2) a surface of the deviation recessed from the first plane is less than or equal to about 0.2 ?m.

Abstract: A method for increasing the tactile feel of a glass-ceramic article includes (a) performing a first etching of a surface of the glass-ceramic article with a first etchant to create a plurality of features on the surface, wherein the first etchant comprises hydrofluoric acid and an inorganic fluoride salt, and the plurality of features comprises protrusions and recesses and (b) performing a second etching of the surface with a second etchant different from the first etchant to enlarge a distance between adjacent features of a same type, wherein the second etching occurs after the first etching, after the second etching an average distance between adjacent features of a same type is in a range from 0.5 ?m to 20 ?m and a density of features of the same type is in a range from 9,000 to 25,000 features/mm2, and a tactile feel of the surface after the second etching is greater than the tactile feel of the surface before the first etching.

Abstract: A substrate ion exchange system, along with methods of maintain such a system, is provided that includes a substrate having an outer region containing a plurality of substrate metal ions, an ion exchange bath that includes a plurality of first metal ions at a first metal ion concentration and a plurality of second metal ions at a second metal ion concentration, and a vessel for containing the ion exchange bath and the substrate. The ion exchange system also includes a temperature sensor coupled to the vessel, and a processor configured to receive a vessel temperature from the sensor and to evaluate the first metal ion concentration based at least in part on a first metal ion consumption rate relationship and the vessel temperature. Further, the first metal ion consumption rate relationship is predetermined.

Abstract: Methods of forming a glass article are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method of forming a glass article includes translating a pulsed laser beam on a glass substrate sheet to form a laser damage region between a first surface and a second surface of the glass substrate sheet. The method further includes applying an etchant solution to the glass substrate sheet to remove a portion of the glass substrate sheet about the laser damage region. The method may further include strengthening the glass substrate sheet by an ion-exchange strengthening process, and coating the glass substrate sheet with an acid-resistant coating. Also disclosed are methods where the laser damage region has an initial geometry that changes to a desired geometry following the reforming of the glass substrate sheet such that the initial geometry of the laser damage region compensates for the bending of the glass substrate sheet.

Abstract: Methods of forming a glass article are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method of forming a glass article includes translating a pulsed laser beam on a glass substrate sheet to form a laser damage region between a first surface and a second surface of the glass substrate sheet. The method further includes applying an etchant solution to the glass substrate sheet to remove a portion of the glass substrate sheet about the laser damage region. The method may further include strengthening the glass substrate sheet by an ion-exchange strengthening process, and coating the glass substrate sheet with an acid-resistant coating. Also disclosed are methods where the laser damage region has an initial geometry that changes to a desired geometry following the reforming of the glass substrate sheet such that the initial geometry of the laser damage region compensates for the bending of the glass substrate sheet.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a method for controlling the sludge that is generated during the wet acid etching of glass articles. The four Factors that need to be controlled are (i) the dissolved glass level A; (ii) the HF concentration B; (iii) the second acid concentration C, the second acid being a strong acid, and (iv) the solubility constant D of the precipitate, Ksp, which is controlled by changing temperature or ionic strength. The disclosed method utilized HF as the etchant and a strong acid selected from the group consisting of HCI, H2SO4.HNO3 and HCIO4.

Abstract: Methods of modifying glass-ceramic articles and glass-ceramic articles formed therefrom. The methods include providing a glass-ceramic article having a non-damaged surface, applying a chemical etching solution to the non-damaged surface, and removing the chemical etching solution. The chemical etching solution modifies the non-damaged surface so that from about 0.01 ?m to about 2 ?m of a depth of the glass-ceramic article is removed. The chemical etching solution modifies the non-damage surface of the glass-ceramic article to form a roughened surface having a reduced gloss value and a target roughness value.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a method for controlling the sludge that is generated during the wet acid etching of glass articles. The four Factors that need to be controlled are (i) the dissolved glass level A; (ii) the HF concentration B; (iii) the second acid concentration C, the second acid being a strong acid, and (iv) the solubility constant D of the precipitate, Ksp, which is controlled by changing temperature or ionic strength. The disclosed method utilized HF as the etchant and a strong acid selected from the group consisting of HCI, H2SO4.HNO3 and HCIO4.

Abstract: Polymer nanoparticles and related methods include polymer dots having a coating including a polyelectrolyte polymer. The polymer dots can have a polyelectrolyte coating that can improve colloidal stability of the particles as compared to polymer dots not having the coating. A method of preparing a population of nanoparticles. The methods can include, e.g., providing the population of nanoparticles having a condensed semiconducting polymer; and combining, in a first aqueous solution comprising polyelectrolytes, the population of nanoparticles having the condensed semiconducting polymer to form a population of nanoparticles having a polyelectrolyte coating surrounding the condensed semiconducting polymer of each of the nanoparticles in the population. The methods can include a step of forming the condensed semiconducting polymer using nanoprecipitation or miniemulsion techniques. The polyelectrolyte coating can completely surround the condensed semiconducting polymer.

Abstract: Described herein are various antimicrobial glass articles that have improved resistance to discoloration when exposed to harsh conditions. The improved antimicrobial glass articles described herein generally include a glass substrate that has a low concentration of nonbridging oxygen atoms, a compressive stress layer and an antimicrobial silver-containing region that each extend inward from a surface of the glass substrate to a specific depth, such that the glass article experiences little-to-no discoloration when exposed to harsh conditions. Methods of making and using the glass articles are also described.

Abstract: A substrate ion exchange system, along with methods of maintain such a system, is provided that includes a substrate having an outer region containing a plurality of substrate metal ions, an ion exchange bath that includes a plurality of first metal ions at a first metal ion concentration and a plurality of second metal ions at a second metal ion concentration, and a vessel for containing the ion exchange bath and the substrate. The ion exchange system also includes a temperature sensor coupled to the vessel, and a processor configured to receive a vessel temperature from the sensor and to evaluate the first metal ion concentration based at least in part on a first metal ion consumption rate relationship and the vessel temperature. Further, the first metal ion consumption rate relationship is predetermined.

Abstract: Indexing and querying in multiple languages is accomplished using an ordered chain of filters and/or other such components. When receiving information to be indexed or for a query, the information can be tokenized and typed based at least in part on the language of each token. The character types can be adjusted if appropriate for the languages, and the tokens can be further segmented using a dictionary for the respective language types. Once appropriate tokens are determined, relevant synonyms in each appropriate language can be determined and typed accordingly. If necessary the case of the tokens and synonyms can be adjusted and further segmented based on punctuation. The terms and synonyms then can be used as part of the index or as part of the search query to include other terms or phrases based on relevance to the original information.

Abstract: Methods of forming a glass article are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method of forming a glass article includes translating a pulsed laser beam on a glass substrate sheet to form a laser damage region between a first surface and a second surface of the glass substrate sheet. The method further includes applying an etchant solution to the glass substrate sheet to remove a portion of the glass substrate sheet about the laser damage region. The method may further include strengthening the glass substrate sheet by an ion-exchange strengthening process, and coating the glass substrate sheet with an acid-resistant coating. Also disclosed are methods where the laser damage region has an initial geometry that changes to a desired geometry following the reforming of the glass substrate sheet such that the initial geometry of the laser damage region compensates for the bending of the glass substrate sheet.

Abstract: Indexing and querying in multiple languages is accomplished using an ordered chain of filters and/or other such components. When receiving information to be indexed or for a query, the information can be tokenized and typed based at least in part on the language of each token. The character types can be adjusted if appropriate for the languages, and the tokens can be further segmented using a dictionary for the respective language types. Once appropriate tokens are determined, relevant synonyms in each appropriate language can be determined and typed accordingly. If necessary the case of the tokens and synonyms can be adjusted and further segmented based on punctuation. The terms and synonyms then can be used as part of the index or as part of the search query to include other terms or phrases based on relevance to the original information.

Abstract: A method for producing nanoparticles of a selected size includes selecting an organic solvent based upon a molar volume of the organic solvent, the selected nanoparticle size, and a known relationship between the molar volume and the selected nanoparticle size, and producing nanoparticles having the selected size in a water-in-oil microemulsion comprising the selected organic solvent.

Abstract: Indexing and querying in multiple languages is accomplished using an ordered chain of filters and/or other such components. When receiving information to be indexed or for a query, the information can be tokenized and typed based at least in part on the language of each token. The character types can be adjusted if appropriate for the languages, and the tokens can be further segmented using a dictionary for the respective language types. Once appropriate tokens are determined, relevant synonyms in each appropriate language can be determined and typed accordingly. If necessary the case of the tokens and synonyms can be adjusted and further segmented based on punctuation. The terms and synonyms then can be used as part of the index or as part of the search query to include other terms or phrases based on relevance to the original information.