Abstract: A novel organometallic complex is provided. The organometallic complex is represented by General Formula (G1). In the organometallic complex represented by General Formula (G1), each of R1, R13, and R14 independently represents an alkyl group that has 1 to 6 carbon atoms and includes deuterium, each of R2 to R12 independently represents hydrogen (including deuterium) or an alkyl group that has 1 to 6 carbon atoms and includes deuterium, each of R15 to R21 independently represents hydrogen (including deuterium), and n represents 1 or 2.

Abstract: A light-emitting device having high emission efficiency is provided. The light-emitting device includes a light-emitting layer between a pair of electrodes. The light-emitting layer includes a first compound, a material configured to convert triplet excitation energy into light emission, and a material configured to convert singlet excitation energy into light emission. At least one of the first compound and the material configured to convert triplet excitation energy into light emission includes deuterium. Light emission is obtained from the material configured to convert singlet excitation energy into light emission.

Abstract: A novel organic compound and a light-emitting device using the organic compound are provided. The organic compound includes a benzofuropyrimidine skeleton or a benzothienopyrimidine skeleton, a first substituent, and a second substituent. The first substituent represents a carbazole skeleton. The second substituent represents any of a carbazole skeleton, a dibenzofuran skeleton, a tetraphenylsilane skeleton, and a triphenylene skeleton. The first substituent is bonded to a pyrimidine ring included in the benzofuropyrimidine skeleton or the benzothienopyrimidine skeleton. The second substituent is bonded to a benzene ring included in the benzofuropyrimidine skeleton or the benzothienopyrimidine skeleton.

Abstract: A highly reliable light-emitting device is provided. The light-emitting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a light-emitting layer. The light-emitting layer is positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode. The light-emitting layer includes a first organic compound, a second organic compound, and a substance that can convert triplet excitation energy into light emission. The first organic compound includes a ?-electron deficient heteroaromatic ring. The second organic compound includes a ?-electron rich heteroaromatic ring or an aromatic amine skeleton. The first organic compound and the second organic compound each contain deuterium. A difference between the lowest triplet excitation level of the first organic compound and that of the second organic compound is less than or equal to 0.10 eV.

Abstract: A light-emitting device having excellent characteristics is provided. A light-emitting apparatus material contains an organic compound. In the light-emitting apparatus material, the inner product of a vector A connecting two most distant atoms in the lowest excited state of the organic compound and a vector B that is a transition dipole moment relating to light emission from the organic compound is greater than or equal to 2.5. The length of the vector A is represented in nm, and the magnitude of the vector B is represented in debye. The direction of the vector A is set such that an angle formed by the vector A and the vector B is less than or equal to 90°.

Abstract: To provide an organometallic complex that can be used as a light-emitting material. The organometallic complex is represented by General Formula (G1). In the formula, each of R2 and R8 represents a deuterated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, each of R1, R3 to R7, and R9 to R26 independently represents hydrogen (including deuterium), an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, at least one of R4 to R6 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and at least one of R22 to R26 represents an alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The heat resistance of an organic semiconductor device including a step of forming an aluminum oxide film over and in contact with an organic semiconductor layer is improved. A heating step is performed after a layer containing an organometallic compound for a mask for an organic semiconductor layer, which is represented by General Formula (G1) below, is provided over the organic semiconductor layer. In General Formula (G1), Ar represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, X represents oxygen or sulfur, M represents a metal, n represents an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 5, and n is the same as the valence of the metal M. Note that when n is greater than or equal to 2, a plurality of Ars may be the same or different and Xs may be the same or different.

Abstract: An organic compound with an electron-transport property and low water solubility is provided. An organic compound represented by General Formula (G1-1) below is provided. At least any one of R2 to R9 is a group represented by General Formula (R-1) or (R-2); each of the other groups of R2 to R9 independently represents hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cyclic secondary amino group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; ?1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms; n represents 1 or 2; R11 to R26 each independently represent hydrogen (including deuterium) or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; and p and q each independently represent 0 or 1.

Abstract: An increase in the voltage of an organic semiconductor device including a step of forming an aluminum oxide film over and in contact with an organic semiconductor layer is inhibited. A layer containing an organometallic compound for a mask for an organic semiconductor layer, which is represented by General Formula (G1) below, is provided between the organic semiconductor layer and the aluminum oxide film. In General Formula (G1), Ar represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, X represents oxygen or sulfur, M represents a metal, n represents an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 5, and n is the same as the valence of the metal M. Note that when n is greater than or equal to 2, a plurality of Ars may be the same or different and Xs may be the same or different.

Abstract: A novel mixed material for a light-emitting device with improved heat resistance is provided. The mixed material for a light-emitting device includes a first heteroaromatic compound and a second heteroaromatic compound. The first heteroaromatic compound includes a first heteroaromatic ring. The first heteroaromatic ring includes a ring including two or more nitrogen atoms and any one of a benzene ring and a pyridine ring or a ring including a diazine ring or a triazine ring. The second heteroaromatic compound includes a second heteroaromatic ring. The second heteroaromatic ring includes a ring including two or more nitrogen atoms and any one of a benzene ring and a pyridine ring or a ring including a diazine ring or a triazine ring. A structure of the first heteroaromatic ring is different from a structure of the second heteroaromatic ring.

Abstract: A display device with high display quality is provided.

Abstract: A display apparatus with high display quality is provided. A display apparatus includes a first pixel, a second pixel provided adjacent to the first pixel, a first insulating layer, and a second insulating layer over the first insulating layer. The first pixel includes a first pixel electrode, a first EL layer covering the first pixel electrode, a common electrode over the first EL layer. The second pixel includes a second pixel electrode, a second EL layer covering the second pixel electrode, and the common electrode over the second EL layer. The first insulating layer covers part of a side surface and part of a top surface of the first EL layer and part of a side surface and part of a top surface of the second EL layer. At least part of the second insulating layer is provided to be sandwiched between an end portion of the side surface of the first EL layer and an end portion of the side surface of the second EL layer.

Abstract: A light-emitting device having high heat resistance in a manufacturing process is provided.

Abstract: An organic compound with an electron-injection property and low water solubility is provided. An organic compound represented by General Formula (G1) is provided. In General Formula (G1), Ar is an aromatic skeleton represented by General Formula (Ar-1); L represents an alkylene group or an arylene group; n represents an integer of 0 to 3; m represents an integer of 1 to 4; and each of R1 to R12 independently represents hydrogen or an alkyl group. In General Formula (Ar-1), each of rings A, B, C, and D independently represents a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, or a phenanthrene ring; any m carbon atoms on the rings A, B, C, and D each include a bond in General Formula (G1); X1 represents C, Si, or Ge; and ai represents a single bond, O, S, C including a substituent, Si including a substituent, or Ge including a substituent.

Abstract: A novel mixed material for a light-emitting device with improved heat resistance is provided. The mixed material for a light-emitting device includes a first heteroaromatic compound and a second heteroaromatic compound. The first heteroaromatic compound includes a first heteroaromatic ring. The first heteroaromatic ring includes a ring including two or more nitrogen atoms and any one of a benzene ring and a pyridine ring or a ring including a diazine ring or a triazine ring. The second heteroaromatic compound includes a second heteroaromatic ring. The second heteroaromatic ring includes a ring including two or more nitrogen atoms and any one of a benzene ring and a pyridine ring or a ring including a diazine ring or a triazine ring. A structure of the first heteroaromatic ring is different from a structure of the second heteroaromatic ring.

Abstract: An electron-injection organic compound with low solubility in water is provided. An organic compound represented by General Formula (G1) is provided. X represents a group represented by General Formula (X-1) and Y represents a group represented by General Formula (Y-1). Ar represents a heteroaromatic hydrocarbon group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms forming a ring or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms forming a ring. Each of R1 and R2 independently represents hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and h represents an integer of 1 to 6. In General Formulae (X-1) and (Y-1), each of R3 to R6 independently represents hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and m represents an integer of 0 to 4. When m is 0, 1, 3, or 4, n represents an integer of 1 to 5. When m is 2, n represents 1, 2, 4, or 5.

Abstract: A highly efficient and highly reliable light-emitting device is provided. The light-emitting device includes an organic compound layer between a pair of electrodes. The organic compound layer includes a light-emitting layer, the light-emitting layer includes a first organic compound, a second organic compound, and a light-emitting substance, the first organic compound contains deuterium, and in a PL measurement of a mixed layer of the first organic compound and the second organic compound, a spectrum of an exciplex is observed at room temperature, and a spectrum of the exciplex is not observed at a temperature in a temperature range of 4 K to 80 K, inclusive.

Abstract: A novel organometallic complex and a novel light-emitting device that are highly useful or reliable are provided. The organometallic complex represented by General Formula (G1) is provided. Note that R1, R2, and R4 to R22 each independently represent hydrogen (including deuterium), an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, at least one of R2 and R4 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and any one or more of R18 to R22 represent an alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A novel organometallic complex that is highly convenient, useful, or reliable, and a light-emitting device are provided. The organometallic complex is represented by General Formula (G2). In General Formula (G2), each of R1 to R6, R8 to R22, and R31 to R34 independently represents hydrogen (including deuterium), an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, at least one of R31 to R34 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 1 to 4.

Abstract: A light-emitting device having high heat resistance in a manufacturing process is provided.