Abstract: A reinforcing structure is provided to improve reinforcing effect for a body frame of a vehicle. A front pillar 10 as the body frame includes an outer member and a reinforcement 13. The reinforcing structure has a waveform adjusting mechanism 100 in addition to the outer member 11, 12 and the reinforcement 13. The waveform adjusting mechanism 100 adjusts various properties of peaks of respective waveforms in the buckling mode of the outer member 11, 12 and the reinforcement 13. The reinforcement 13 is connected to the outer member 11, 12 at its part except a minimum strength part of the outer member 11, 12. The waveform adjusting mechanism 100 is formed by the minimum strength part and a relief space S between the vicinity of the minimum strength part of the outer member and the reinforcement 13. Owing to the provision of the relief space S, it is possible to prevent a deformation of the outer member 11, 12 from transmitting to the reinforcement 13 immediately.

Abstract: A transmission state determination method of a power transmission device for an internal combustion engine driven vehicle including steps of: driving a generator by an internal combustion engine with a vehicle driven by the internal combustion engine stopped; performing an intake air amount gradually increasing process for gradually increasing the intake air amount of the internal combustion engine when the internal combustion engine is controlled so as to generate predetermined power from the generator; determining that the power transmission device for transmitting the output of the internal combustion engine to wheels of the vehicle is in a state of transmitting power when slight movement of a vehicle body is detected in the intake air amount gradually increasing process; and determining that the power transmission device is in a state of cutting power transmission when movement of the vehicle body is not detected in the intake air amount gradually increasing process.

Abstract: A fuel cut control device that stops supply of fuel to an internal combustion engine during deceleration of the internal combustion engine having a throttle valve for each cylinder, which detects a maximum value of an intake pipe pressure during one combustion cycle of the internal combustion engine, starts fuel cut control when it is detected that the detected maximum value of the intake pipe pressure becomes less than a set fuel cut start determination value, and stop the fuel cut control when it is detected that the detected maximum value of the intake pipe pressure exceeds a fuel supply restart determination value set higher than the fuel cut start determination value to restart the supply of the fuel to the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An electronic control system for an internal combustion engine comprising a controller having a fuel injection control section to control an injector of a fuel injection unit to supply fuel to the engine and an electric power source section to apply a driving power from a generator driven by the engine to the fuel injection unit and the controller, the controller having a first injection command generation section to generate an injection command when an output voltage of the generator reaches a set value whereby a first fuel injection at a start of the engine is made when the first fuel injection command generation section generates the injection command.

Abstract: A fuel injection and ignition system for an internal combustion engine adapted to apply a power source voltage to an injector, an ignition circuit, an electronic control unit and a fuel pump from a single voltage regulating power source circuit having as a power source a generator driven by the internal combustion engine through a power line and to control a drive current of the fuel pump in a pulse width modulating mode (PWM mode) so as to keep the power line voltage at a value higher than a reference voltage, which is set slightly higher than a voltage corresponding to one higher among the minimum operation voltages for the injector and that for the ignition circuit, in the course where the internal combustion engine starts.

Abstract: A vehicle driven by an internal combustion engine incorporating a power supply unit and including a power transmission on/off determination device that gradually opens a throttle valve of an internal combustion engine to gradually increase a rotational speed of the engine, detects, as a determination value that reflects a load applied on the internal combustion engine when the rotational speed of the engine increases to a power transmission start rotational speed, and then the throttle valve is further opened by a set angle, determines that the power transmission device is in a state of cutting the power transmission when it is determined from the determination value that the load applied on the engine is less than a preset magnitude, and determines that the power transmission device is in a state of performing the power transmission when it is determined from the determination value that the load applied on the engine is equal to or more than the preset magnitude.

Abstract: A front body structure is provided to disperse an impact load transmitted from a tire retreating while changing its direction, into a vehicle body effectively and also effect a great absorption of an impact energy. Forming a body framework on the lateral side of a vehicle cabin, a body side frame includes a side-frame inner panel inside the vehicle cabin and a side-frame outer panel outside the vehicle cabin. Extending from the vicinity of a joint between a side member and a dash panel to the body side frame, a torque box includes a torque-box inner panel inside the vehicle cabin and a torque-box outer panel outside the vehicle cabin. In arrangement, a front tire and a wheel are arranged on the side of the torque-box outer panel of the torque box. The body side frame is connected with the torque box so that a surface of the side-frame outer panel connects a surface of the torque-box outer panel.

Abstract: An atmospheric pressure detecting method for controlling an internal combustion engine, which can detect atmospheric pressure and takes the atmospheric pressure as one of control conditions of the internal combustion engine without using a throttle sensor and an atmospheric pressure sensor, is provided; wherein a maximum value and a minimum value of intake pipe pressure generating while the internal combustion engine performs one combustion cycle are detected; wherein an absolute value of a difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the intake pipe pressure is detected as an intake pipe pressure change quantity; and wherein the maximum value of the intake pipe pressure is taken as a detection value of atmospheric pressure when the intake pipe pressure change quantity is equal to or less than a set value.

Abstract: A front body structure is provided to disperse an impact load to a floor framework member through a rear end of a subframe effectively. The subframe 11 includes a left side frame 12L, a right side frame 12R and a rear frame 13. Each of the side frames 12L, 12R includes a forked part 14 having an inside branch part 14a pointing to a vehicle's inside in a width direction of the vehicle along a first route A and an outside branch part 14b pointing to a vehicle's outside in the width direction along a second route B. In operation, if an impact load F due to an offset front collision is applied on the side frame 12 in concentration, then the load F is divided into a load component Fa to be transmitted to the other side frame 12L through the inside branch part 14a and the rear frame 13 along the first route A and another load component Fb to be transmitted to the floor framework member 8 through the outside branch part 14b along the second route B.

Abstract: An electronic fuel injection control apparatus for an internal combustion engine, which is used for controlling a quantity of fuel injected from an injector into an intake pipe of the internal combustion engine, includes a microcomputer which performs an arithmetical operation for determining a pressure within the above described intake pipe based on a throttle valve opening degree and a rotational speed, an arithmetical operation for determining a variation relative to an arithmetically operated reference value of the intake pipe pressure, an arithmetical operation for determining a correction coefficient used for correcting an injection time when this variation exceeds a set value, and an arithmetical operation for determining an actual injection time by multiplying a basic injection time by the correction coefficient arithmetically operated immediately before a timing where the fuel is injected, and controls the injector such that the fuel is injected during the arithmetically operated injection time.

Abstract: An electronic fuel injection control apparatus for an internal combustion engine, which is used for controlling a quantity of fuel injected from an injector into an intake pipe of the internal combustion engine, includes a microcomputer which performs an arithmetical operation for determining a pressure within the above described intake pipe based on a throttle valve opening degree and a rotational speed, an arithmetical operation for determining a variation relative to an arithmetically operated reference value of the intake pipe pressure, an arithmetical operation for determining a correction coefficient used for correcting an injection time when this variation exceeds a set value, and an arithmetical operation for determining an actual injection time by multiplying a basic injection time by the correction coefficient arithmetically operated immediately before a timing where the fuel is injected, and controls the injector such that the fuel is injected during the arithmetically operated injection time.

Abstract: An atmospheric pressure detecting method for controlling an internal combustion engine, which can detect atmospheric pressure and takes the atmospheric pressure as one of control conditions of the internal combustion engine without using a throttle sensor and an atmospheric pressure sensor, is provided; wherein a maximum value and a minimum value of intake pipe pressure generating while the internal combustion engine performs one combustion cycle are detected; wherein an absolute value of a difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the intake pipe pressure is detected as an intake pipe pressure change quantity; and wherein the maximum value of the intake pipe pressure is taken as a detection value of atmospheric pressure when the intake pipe pressure change quantity is equal to or less than a set value.

Abstract: When a load is generated in an area of seatback that supports the pelvis of the occupant at the time of vehicle collision, a trigger mechanism located at a lower support member is activated. At this time, a displacement mechanism of an upper support member becomes available for activation. Since the upper support member moves in a rearward direction, the load applied to the thoracic vertebrae of the occupant can be kept small. Accordingly, the spinal shape of the occupant can be maintained. Additionally, the vehicle seat can mitigate the impact at the time of vehicle collision.

Abstract: A shock absorbing structure for a vehicle is provided for moderating an impact on a passenger's foot due to the deformation of a foot panel 105. A bag 104 is arranged adjacent to the foot panel 105. When the foot panel 105 is deformed due to the vehicle's collision or the like, the bag 104 is expanded to moderate the impact on the passenger's foot.

Abstract: When a load is generated in an area of seatback that supports the pelvis of the occupant at the time of vehicle collision, a trigger mechanism located at a lower support member is activated. At this time, a displacement mechanism of an upper support member becomes available for activation. Since the upper support member moves in a rearward direction, the load applied to the thoracic vertebrae of the occupant can be kept small. Accordingly, the spinal shape of the occupant can be maintained. Additionally, the vehicle seat can mitigate the impact at the time of vehicle collision.

Abstract: A vehicle body side structure is provided to prevent deformation of a structural member due to deformation of a door during a side collision. The vehicle body structure reduces the possibility that the structural member contacts an occupant and obtains an excellent impact absorption effect when the door contacts the occupant. The vehicle body structure has a body side portion with the structural member, and a door coupled to the body side portion to open and close relative to the structural member. An energy absorption member is coupled to the door. A door engagement mechanism is coupled between the door and the side structural member. The door engagement mechanism is arranged to hold the door and the structural member together. A collision sensor generates a collision signal when a side collision is detected by the collision sensor. A door release mechanism is connected to the door engagement mechanism to release the door from the structural member in response to the collision signal.

Abstract: A vehicle body side structure is provided to prevent deformation of a structural member due to deformation of a door during a side collision. The vehicle body structure reduces the possibility that the structural member contacts an occupant and obtains an excellent impact absorption effect when the door contacts the occupant. The vehicle body structure has a body side portion with the structural member, and a door coupled to the body side portion to open and close relative to the structural member. An energy absorption member is coupled to the door. A door engagement mechanism is coupled between the door and the side structural member. The door engagement mechanism is arranged to hold the door and the structural member together. A collision sensor generates a collision signal when a side collision is detected by the collision sensor. A door release mechanism is connected to the door engagement mechanism to release the door from the structural member in response to the collision signal.

Abstract: A footrest is provided to restrain a passenger's ankle from bending backward at a vehicle front collision. When a toe board 2b is deformed toward a passenger's room at the vehicle front collision, then a frame member 7 forming an energy absorbing unit 5 for the footrest 3 begins to be deformed on compression. In the member's deformation, a front-inclined leg part 9F of the member 7 on the side of the passenger's toe yields ahead of others firstly. Thus, the compressive deformation is successively transmitted from the frame member's part on the side of the passenger's toe to the same part on the side of the passenger's heel frame member 7, so that collision energy can be absorbed to moderate an impact exerted on the passenger's foot F. Additionally, since the foot F is moved obliquely upward of the toe board 2b by the prior deformation of the part 9F, it is possible to restrain the passenger's ankle from bending backward.

Abstract: A footrest is provided to restrain a passenger's ankle from bending backward at a vehicle front collision. When a toe board 2b is deformed toward a passenger's room at the vehicle front collision, then a frame member 7 forming an energy absorbing unit 5 for the footrest 3 begins to be deformed on compression. In the member's deformation, a front-inclined leg part 9F of the member 7 on the side of the passenger's toe yields ahead of others firstly. Thus, the compressive deformation is successively transmitted from the frame member's part on the side of the passenger's toe to the same part on the side of the passenger's heel frame member 7, so that collision energy can be absorbed to moderate an impact exerted on the passenger's foot F. Additionally, since the foot F is moved obliquely upward of the toe board 2b by the prior deformation of the part 9F, it is possible to restrain the passenger's ankle from bending backward.

Abstract: A di-substituted metallocene compound having good quality can be synthesized completely at a low cost in a high yield in a easy manner by reacting a metallocene dihalide with a Grignard reagent which is a compound represented by formula (I): RMgX (wherein R represents an aryl, benzyl or diaryl phosphinomethylene group which may have a substituent and X represents a halogen element) under specified conditions.