Abstract: A developing apparatus includes a developing container for accommodating a developer; a developer carrying member for carrying the developer to a developing zone for developing a latent image; a developer regulator in contact with the developer carrying member to regulate a developer layer thickness on the developer carrying member; a developer feeding member in contact with the developer carrying member to supply the developer to the developer carrying member; an urging member for urging the developer carrying member toward the developer regulator; and a moving mechanism for moving the developer carrying member in a first direction which is a direction in which the urging member urges the developer carrying member and in a second direction crossing with the first direction. The moving mechanism moves the developer carrying member in the second direction to reduce or remove press-contact forces applied by the developer regulator and the developer feeding member.

Abstract: A developing device configured to develop a latent image formed on an image bearing member includes a rotatable developing-agent bearing member configured to bear developing agent, a developing container configured to form a developing-agent storage chamber that stores the developing agent, a developing-agent regulating portion provided in the developing container to regulate an amount of the developing agent born on the developing-agent bearing member, a support portion configured to support the developing-agent bearing member movably relative to the developing-agent regulating portion, and a pressurizing member configured to pressurize the developing-agent bearing member toward the developing-agent regulating portion. A contact portion of the developing-agent regulating portion with the developing-agent bearing member is fixed to the developing container without forming a gap from the developing container on a downstream side in a pressurizing direction of the pressurizing member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an exposure device configured to expose image bearing members charged by charging devices to form latent images on the image bearing members, and a control unit configured to, in ether one or both of an image forming unit A and an image forming unit B, adjust an amount of exposure by which the image bearing member is exposed and a charging voltage based on information about the image bearing members of the image forming units A and B. The control unit is configured to make the charging voltage and the amount of exposure in the image forming unit A different from the charging voltage and the amount of exposure in the image forming unit B.

Abstract: An electrophotographic image forming apparatus includes an electrophotographic photosensitive member configured to bear an electrostatic latent image, and a developer carrying member configured to develop the electrostatic latent image. The electrophotographic photosensitive member and the developer carrying member are separated from each other during non-image formation and brought into contact with each other after the electrophotographic photosensitive member and the developer carrying member start to be rotated. During a time period between a time when the electrophotographic photosensitive member and the developer carrying member start to be rotated and a time when the electrophotographic photosensitive member and the developer carrying member are brought into contact with each other, a number of revolutions of the developer feed member is larger than a number of revolutions of the developer carrying member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an exposure device configured to expose image bearing members charged by charging devices to form latent images on the image bearing members, and a control unit configured to, in ether one or both of an image forming unit A and an image forming unit B, adjust an amount of exposure by which the image bearing member is exposed and a charging voltage based on information about the image bearing members of the image forming units A and B. The control unit is configured to make the charging voltage and the amount of exposure in the image forming unit A different from the charging voltage and the amount of exposure in the image forming unit B.

Abstract: An exhaust heat recovery control device includes a recovered heat adjusting unit configured to adjust an amount of heat recovered of exhaust gas by an exhaust heat recoverer recovering heat of exhaust gas and a control unit configured to control the recovered heat adjusting unit so as to prevent or suppress freezing in an exhaust pipe based on a traveling history of a vehicle on which the exhaust heat recovery control device is mounted when the freezing in the exhaust pipe is predicted.

Abstract: A developing device configured to develop a latent image formed on an image bearing member includes a rotatable developing-agent bearing member configured to bear developing agent, a developing container configured to form a developing-agent storage chamber that stores the developing agent, a developing-agent regulating portion provided in the developing container to regulate an amount of the developing agent born on the developing-agent bearing member, a support portion configured to support the developing-agent bearing member movably relative to the developing-agent regulating portion, and a pressurizing member configured to pressurize the developing-agent bearing member toward the developing-agent regulating portion. A contact portion of the developing-agent regulating portion with the developing-agent bearing member is fixed to the developing container without forming a gap from the developing container on a downstream side in a pressurizing direction of the pressurizing member.

Abstract: A safety evaluation computer evaluates safety of user data which is data of a client computer and relating to storage into a server computer based on a server area ID which is an area ID of an area where the server computer is located, and displays a result of evaluation of the safety.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an exposure device configured to expose image bearing members charged by charging devices to form latent images on the image bearing members, and a control unit configured to, in ether one or both of an image forming unit A and an image forming unit B, adjust an amount of exposure by which the image bearing member is exposed and a charging voltage based on information about the image bearing members of the image forming units A and B. The control unit is configured to make the charging voltage and the amount of exposure in the image forming unit A different from the charging voltage and the amount of exposure in the image forming unit B.

Abstract: A developing apparatus includes a developing container for accommodating the developer; a sleeve for carrying the developer to developing zone for developing a latent image; a developer regulator contacted to the sleeve to regulate a developer layer thickness on the sleeve; a developer feeding member contacted to the sleeve supply the developer to the sleeve; an urging member for urging the sleeve toward the developer regulator; and a moving mechanism for moving the sleeve in a first direction which is a direction in which the urging member urges the sleeve and in a second direction crossing with the first direction. The moving mechanism moves the sleeve in the second direction to reduce or remove press-contact forces applied by the developer regulator and the developer feeding member.

Abstract: In a development device in which a developer containing unit underlies a development chamber, a supplying member in the development chamber forms a nip portion with a developer carrier and the developer carrier and the supplying member rotate in the direction in which their respective surfaces move from an upper end to a lower end of the nip portion.

Abstract: An electrophotographic image forming apparatus, including: an electrophotographic photosensitive member; a developer carrying member configured to carry developer to develop a latent image on the photosensitive member in contact with the photosensitive member; and a developer feed member configured to feed the developer to the carrying member in contact with the carrying member, wherein the photosensitive member and the carrying member are separated from each other during non-image formation and brought into contact with each other after the photosensitive member and the carrying member start to be rotated, and wherein, during a time period between a time when the photosensitive member and the carrying member start to be rotated and a time when the photosensitive member and the carrying member are brought into contact with each other, a number of revolutions of the feed member is larger than a number of revolutions of the carrying member.

Abstract: A developing roller configured to develop an electrostatic latent image on a photosensitive drum, a supply roller configured to supply developer to the developing roller are provided, and the surface of the developing roller moves in the same direction as the surface of the photosensitive drum and at a speed higher than the photosensitive drum at a nip portion between the photosensitive drum and the developing roller, the surface of the supply roller moves in the same direction as the surface of the developing roller and at a speed higher than the developing roller at a nip portion between the developing roller and the supply roller.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a first drum for bearing an electrostatic latent image and a cleaning blade of a first cleaning device when formation of the toner image to be transferred onto a sheet is not carried out. The control device selects between a toner supply process using the toner accommodated in a first developing device and a toner supply process using the toner accommodated in a second developing device, in accordance with an amount of the toner accommodated in the first developing device or the second developing device.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member and a developing device for developing an electrostatic latent image. The developing device includes a developer container, a rotatable developer carrying member, including a first electrode member; and a developer supplying member, including a second electrode member. The apparatus further includes a measuring device capable of measuring a remaining developer amount; and a replenishing device for performing a replenishing operation by rotating the developer supplying member while applying a DC bias between the first and second electrode members so that a value obtained by subtracting an electric potential of the second electrode member from an electric potential of the first electrode member has a polarity identical to a normal charge polarity of the developer. When the remaining developer amount measured is not more than a threshold, the replenishing operation is performed and the remaining developer amount is measured again.

Abstract: The present invention provides a filtered water monitoring device used for detecting damages in a filtration medium installed inside a membrane filtration water clarification device, thereby monitoring degradation of a performance thereof, in order to secure safety of filtered water flowing out from the membrane filtration water clarification device, comprising a branch filtered water pipeline system which is branched from a filtered water pipeline system connected to an outlet of the membrane filtration water clarification device, a filtered water observation plate which is installed in a certain position of the branch filtered water pipeline system, imaging means which takes an image of the filtered water in an observation tank of the filtered water observation plate and outputs image information thereon, and image analyzing means which receives the image information output from the imaging means, and compares the image information with a stored image pattern to identify impurities contained in the filtered

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a first drum for bearing an electrostatic latent image; a first developing device for developing the latent image with toner into a toner image on the first drum; a first cleaning device having a cleaning blade for cleaning the first drum; a second drum; a second developing device for developing the latent image with toner into a toner image on the second drum; a second cleaning device having a cleaning blade for cleaning the second drum; a rotatable member contactable to the first drum and the second drum; wherein the rotatable member is an intermediary transfer member for receiving the toner images from the drums and for transferring it onto a sheet, or a feeding member for feeding a sheet for receiving the toner images; and a control device for controlling a toner supply process for supplying toner into between the first drum and the blade of the first cleaning device when formation of the toner image to be transferred onto the sheet is not carried out, wherein the contr

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member and a developing device for developing an electrostatic latent image. The developing device includes a developer container, a rotatable developer carrying member, including a first electrode member; and a developer supplying member, including a second electrode member. The apparatus further includes a measuring device capable of measuring a remaining developer amount; and a replenishing device for performing a replenishing operation by rotating the developer supplying member while applying a DC bias between the first and second electrode members so that a value obtained by subtracting an electric potential of the second electrode member from an electric potential of the first electrode member has a polarity identical to a normal charge polarity of the developer. When the remaining developer amount measured is not more than a threshold, the replenishing operation is performed and the remaining developer amount is measured again.

Abstract: A developing apparatus including: a developer carrying member carrying a developer with which an electrostatic image on an image bearing member is developed; a developer supplying/removing member having a conductive member and an insulating member on the surface thereof, and provided apart from the developer carrying member to supply and remove the developer to and from the developer carrying member, and moving directions of the developer carrying member and the developer supplying/removing member being opposed in a developer supplying position; and an electric field producing device producing between the developer carrying member and the developer supplying/removing member an oscillating electric field, in which direct potentials of the conductive member and the developer carrying member are the same, or the direct potential of the conductive member, with respect to the direct potential of the developer carrying member, is on the opposite side to a normal charging polarity of the developer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a filtered water monitoring device used for detecting damages in a filtration medium installed inside a membrane filtration water clarification device, thereby monitoring degradation of a performance thereof, in order to secure safety of filtered water flowing out from the membrane filtration water clarification device, comprising a branch filtered water pipeline system which is branched from a filtered water pipeline system connected to an outlet of the membrane filtration water clarification device, a filtered water observation plate which is installed in a certain position of the branch filtered water pipeline system, imaging means which takes an image of the filtered water in an observation tank of the filtered water observation plate and outputs image information thereon, and image analyzing means which receives the image information output from the imaging means, and compares the image information with a stored image pattern to identify impurities contained in the filtered