Abstract: A robot system includes a robot, and an information processing portion. The information processing portion is configured to obtain a learned model by learning first force information about a force applied by a worker to a workpiece, first position information about a position of a first portion of the worker, and first workpiece information about a state of the workpiece, and control the robot on a basis of output data of the learned model.

Abstract: Provided is a polishing composition that can reduce increase in temperature of a polishing pad during polishing. The polishing composition provided by the present invention contains water, oxidant A selected from compounds other than peroxide, a first metal salt selected from alkaline-earth metal salts, and a second metal salt selected from salts each of which has a cation of a metal belonging to groups 3 to 16 in the periodic table, and an anion.

Abstract: Provided are a polishing method and a polishing composition that are applied to polishing of silicon carbide and allows reduction of rise in pH of the polishing composition and increase in pad temperature during polishing. Provided is a method of polishing an object to be polished having a surface formed of silicon carbide. The method includes steps of preparing a polishing composition, and supplying the polishing composition to the object to be polished and polishing the object to be polished. The polishing composition contains permanganate, a metal salt A, and water. The metal salt A is a salt of a metal cation having a pKa of less than 7.0 in form of a hydrated metal ion, and an anion.

Abstract: Provided is a polishing composition containing an abrasive, permanganate, an aluminum salt, and water. In the polishing composition, a relation of a content W1 [% by weight] of the abrasive, a concentration C1 [mM] of the permanganate, and a concentration C2 [mM] of the aluminum salt satisfies at least one condition of the following conditions [A], [B], and [C]: satisfying both of 500?(C1/W1) and 0.04?(C2/C1);??[A] satisfying both of 200?(C1/?(W1)) and 8?C2; and??[B] satisfying both of 500?(C1/W1) and 8?C2.

Abstract: Provided are a polishing method and a polishing composition that are applied to polishing of silicon carbide and allows reduction of rise in pH of the polishing composition and increase in pad temperature during polishing Provided is a method of polishing an object to be polished having a surface formed of silicon carbide. The method includes steps of preparing a polishing composition, and supplying the polishing composition to the object to be polished and polishing the object to be polished. The polishing composition contains permanganate, a metal salt A, and water. The metal salt A is a salt of a metal cation having a pKa of less than 7.0 in form of a hydrated metal ion, and an anion.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including an image forming unit, a fixing unit, a reading unit, a reference member, and a controller is described. The image forming unit forms an image and a detection image on a sheet. The detection image is used for detecting geometric characteristics of an image to be formed on a sheet by the image forming unit. The fixing unit fixes the image and the detection image formed by the image forming unit on the sheet. The reading unit reads the detection image on the sheet. The controller adjusts geometric characteristics of the image to be formed on a sheet based on a reading result of the detection image by the reading unit, and controls the reading unit to read the reference member and executes shading correction based on a reading result of the reference member.

Abstract: An image forming system includes an image forming unit, an inspection unit, a conveyance unit configured to convey a sheet to the inspection unit, a controller configured to execute a first inspection mode in which a sheet having an image formed thereon is conveyed by the conveyance unit to the inspection unit and is inspected, and a second inspection mode in which, without executing image forming by the image forming unit, a sheet is conveyed by the conveyance unit to the inspection unit and is inspected, and a setting unit configured to set a recovery process. The setting unit permits the setting of the recovery process in the first inspection mode and prohibits the setting of the recovery process in the second inspection mode.

Abstract: An image forming system includes an image forming unit, an inspection unit, a conveyance unit configured to convey a sheet to the inspection unit, a controller configured to execute a first inspection mode in which a sheet having an image formed thereon is conveyed by the conveyance unit to the inspection unit and is inspected, and a second inspection mode in which, without executing image forming by the image forming unit, a sheet is conveyed by the conveyance unit to the inspection unit and is inspected, and a setting unit configured to set a recovery process. The setting unit permits the setting of the recovery process in the first inspection mode and prohibits the setting of the recovery process in the second inspection mode.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus according to the present disclosure includes an image forming unit configured to form an image based on an image forming condition; a reading unit configured to read a test image on a sheet; a controller configured to: control the image forming unit to form the test image; obtain read data related to the test image output from the reading unit is formed; and update the image forming condition based on the read data. The controller operates in a first mode and a second mode, the first mode is a mode in which, the controller controls the image forming unit to form the image for the second sheet after the image forming condition is updated based on the reading data related to the test image.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus to which a sheet treating apparatus is to be connected includes a communication device, having a serial port used for serial communication with the sheet treating apparatus and a parallel port used for parallel communication with the sheet treating apparatus, to communicate with the sheet treating apparatus, and one or more processors. At least one of the one or more processors operates to determine a communication method to communicate with the sheet treating apparatus based on configuration information representing a connection configuration of the sheet treating apparatus, and switch an operation of the serial port such that the serial port of the communication device is used in the parallel communication in a case where a determined communication method is a method in which the parallel communication is performed and the serial communication is not performed.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming unit configured to perform a first image forming process and a second image forming process to form an image and a test image on a sheet; a reader, arranged in a conveyance path along which the sheet is conveyed, configured to read the test image on the sheet, the test image being formed by the image forming unit; a member; a controller configured to obtain, from the reader, reading data related to the test image on the sheet.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming unit configured to form an image and a detection image on a sheet, wherein the detection image is used for detecting a geometric characteristics of an image to be formed on a sheet by the image forming unit; a fixing unit configured to fix the image and the detection image formed by the image forming unit on the sheet; a reading unit configured to read the detection image on the sheet; a reference member; and a controller configured to: adjust geometric characteristics of an image to be formed on a sheet based on a reading result of the detection image by the reading unit; and control the reading unit to read the reference member to execute shading correction based on a reading result thereof.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus according to the present disclosure includes an image forming unit configured to form an image based on an image forming condition; a reading unit configured to read a test image on a sheet; a controller configured to: control the image forming unit to form the test image; obtain read data related to the test image output from the reading unit is formed; and update the image forming condition based on the read data. The controller operates in a first mode and a second mode, the first mode is a mode in which, the controller controls the image forming unit to form the image for the second sheet after the image forming condition is updated based on the reading data related to the test image.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming unit configured to perform a first image forming process and a second image forming process to form an image and a test image on a sheet; a reader, arranged in a conveyance path along which the sheet is conveyed, configured to read the test image on the sheet, the test image being formed by the image forming unit; a member; a controller configured to obtain, from the reader, reading data related to the test image on the sheet.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus to which a sheet treating apparatus is to be connected, including: a communication device, having a serial port used for serial communication with the sheet treating apparatus and a parallel port used for parallel communication with the sheet treating apparatus, configured to communicate with the sheet treating apparatus, one or more processors. The at least one of the one or more processors operates to determine a communication method to communicate with the sheet treating apparatus based on configuration information representing a connection configuration of the sheet treating apparatus, switch an operation of the serial port such that the serial port of the communication device is used in the parallel communication in a case where a determined communication method is a method in which the parallel communication is performed and the serial communication is not performed.

Abstract: A perfluoropolyether phosphate ester represented by the general formula: [C3F7O{CF(CF3)CF2O}nCF(CF3)CH2O]2PO(OH) (wherein n is an integer of 1 to 20). This compound is obtained by reacting a perfluoropolyether alcohol represented by the general formula: C3F7O{CF(CF3)CF2O}nCF(CF3)CH2OH (wherein n is an integer of 1 to 20) with phosphorus oxychloride, and hydrolyzing the obtained compound represented by the general formula: [C3F7O{CF(CF3)CF2O}nCF(CF3)CH2O]2POCl (wherein n is an integer of 1 to 20). Moreover, the perfluoropolyether phosphate ester or a salt thereof forms a surface treatment agent comprising the perfluoropolyether phosphate ester or a salt thereof as an active ingredient.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image processor performing image processing to image data, an image forming unit forming an image on a sheet based on the image data, and a controller changing an image forming condition of the image forming unit based on user information, in a case where a first measuring image is formed by the image forming unit to generate a first conversion condition for image data conversion in image processing to be performed by an external image processing apparatus, controlling the image forming unit based on the changed image forming condition, and in a case where a second measuring image is formed by the image forming unit to generate a second conversion condition for image data conversion in image processing to be performed by the image processor, controlling the image forming unit based on a default image forming condition.

Abstract: A control unit of an image forming device determines a remaining amount threshold value and selects a first mode or a second mode. In the first mode, a sheet feeding unit of the image forming device starts feeding a sheet based on presence/absence of an insertion sheet that is to be inserted by an inserter device immediately prior to a sheet fed from the sheet feeding unit. In the second mode, the sheet feeding unit starts feeding a sheet regardless of presence/absence of an insertion sheet that is to be inserted by the inserter device immediately prior to a sheet fed from the sheet feeding unit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a storage unit to store recording sheets, an image forming unit, an insertion unit, including an interleaving sheet tray on which an interleaving sheet is to be stacked, and to insert the interleaving sheet fed from the interleaving sheet tray between recording sheets conveyed from the image forming unit. The control unit selects between a first mode and a second mode to execute based on a detected remaining amount of recording sheets in the storage unit. The first mode is a mode for feeding the interleaving sheet, which is to be inserted, from the interleaving sheet tray regardless of whether a presence of the recording sheet in the storage unit is detected. The second mode is a mode for feeding the interleaving sheet from the interleaving sheet tray based on that presence of the recording sheet in the storage unit is detected.

Abstract: A polyfluoroalkyl phosphoric acid ester represented by the general formula [CnF2n+1(CH2CF2)a(CF2CF2)b(CH2CH2)cO]mP(O)(OH)3?m [I] n: 1 to 6, a: 1 to 4, b: 1 to 3, c: 1 to 3, m: 1 to 3) or a salt thereof. The polyfluoroalkyl phosphoric acid ester represented by the general formula [I] is produced by subjecting a polyfluoroalkyl alcohol represented by the general formula CnF2n+1(CH2CF2)a(CF2CF2)b(CH2CH2)cOH [II] (n: 1 to 6, a: 1 to 4, b: 1 to 3, c: 1 to 3) to a dehydration condensation reaction with phosphoric acid. The polyfluoroalkyl phosphoric acid ester can be easily synthesized without passing through dialkyl ester as in the case of phosphonic acid, and used for a mold-releasing agent comprising the same or a salt thereof as an active ingredient.