Abstract: A consumable product having an anti-gram-negative bacterial compound with the amino acid sequence represented by the chemical formula below. Also described is a consumable product having Bacillus subtilis capable of producing a compound having the sequence represented by the chemical formula below. The Bacillus subtilis may be Bacillus subtilis MT2 strain (accession number: NITE BP-02767). Also described are methods of treating enteritis by administering a product as described herein to a patent in need thereof.

Abstract: A composite structure forming method comprises the steps of first pre-treating brittle material fine particles to impart an internal strain to the brittle material fine particles, secondly causing the brittle material fine particles in which the internal strain has been created to collide with a substrate surface at high speed or applying a mechanical impact force to the brittle material fine particles containing the internal strain therein provided on the substrate surface, to deform or fracture the brittle material fine particles, re-joining the fine particles through active new surfaces generated by the deformation or fracture, forming an anchor section made of polycrystalline brittle material of which part bites into the substrate surface at a boundary section between the new surfaces and the substrate, and further forming a structure made of polycrystalline brittle material on the anchor section.

Abstract: A composite structure forming method comprises the steps of first pre-treating brittle material fine particles to impart an internal strain to the brittle material fine particles, secondly causing the brittle material fine particles in which the internal strain has been created to collide with a substrate surface at high speed or applying a mechanical impact force to the brittle material fine particles containing the internal strain therein provided on the substrate surface, to deform or fracture the brittle material fine particles, re-joining the fine particles through active new surfaces generated by the deformation or fracture, forming an anchor section made of polycrystalline brittle material of which part bites into the substrate surface at a boundary section between the new surfaces and the substrate, and further forming a structure made of polycrystalline brittle material on the anchor section.

Abstract: A composite structure forming method comprises the steps of first pre-treating brittle material fine particles to impart an internal strain to the brittle material fine particles, secondly causing the brittle material fine particles in which the internal strain has been created to collide with a substrate surface at high speed or applying a mechanical impact force to the brittle material fine particles containing the internal strain therein provided on the substrate surface, to deform or fracture the brittle material fine particles, re-joining the fine particles through active new surfaces generated by the deformation or fracture, forming an anchor section made of polycrystalline brittle material of which part bites into the substrate surface at a boundary section between the new surfaces and the substrate, and further forming a structure made of polycrystalline brittle material on the anchor section.

Abstract: A composite structure forming apparatus adapted to ejecting and causing an aerosol generated by scattering brittle material fine particles in a gas to collide with a substrate at high speed to form a structure made of the brittle material. The apparatus includes an aerosol generator for generating the aerosol, a nozzle for ejecting the aerosol, a shredder for shredding the brittle particles cohering in the aerosol and preventing cohesion of the brittle material fine particles, and a classifier for classifying the brittle material fine particles in the aerosol. The apparatus also includes a pretreatment device for creating internal strain in the brittle material fine particles, and a position control device for controlling the position of the nozzle relative to the substrate. The apparatus further includes a container having a sieve and a vibration device, and one or more of these components may be associated with the aerosol generator.

Abstract: A composite structure forming method comprises the steps of first pre-treating brittle material fine particles to impart an internal strain to the brittle material fine particles, secondly causing the brittle material fine particles in which the internal strain has been created to collide with a substrate surface at high speed or applying a mechanical impact force to the brittle material fine particles containing the internal strain therein provided on the substrate surface, to deform or fracture the brittle material fine particles, re-joining the fine particles through active new surfaces generated by the deformation or fracture, forming an anchor section made of polycrystalline brittle material of which part bites into the substrate surface at a boundary section between the new surfaces and the substrate, and further forming a structure made of polycrystalline brittle material on the anchor section.

Abstract: A composite structure forming method comprises the steps of first pre-treating brittle material fine particles to impart an internal strain to the brittle material fine particles, secondly causing the brittle material fine particles in which the internal strain has been created to collide with a substrate surface at high speed or applying a mechanical impact force to the brittle material fine particles containing the internal strain therein provided on the substrate surface, to deform or fracture the brittle material fine particles, re-joining the fine particles through active new surfaces generated by the deformation or fracture, forming an anchor section made of polycrystalline brittle material of which part bites into the substrate surface at a boundary section between the new surfaces and the substrate, and further forming a structure made of polycrystalline brittle material on the anchor section.

Abstract: A material composed of brittle material fine particles, such as ceramic or metalloid fine particles, for forming a composite structure on a substrate surface. The brittle material is pretreated to achieve a specific size range of fine particles and to develop a desired range of internal strain therein. The brittle material fine particles are adapted to form an aerosol with a gas stream, and when the aerosol is ejected to collide with a substrate surface, this causes collision of brittle material fine particles with a substrate surface thus imparting a mechanical impact to the fine particles. Such mechanical impact fractures or deforms the particles, and thereby generates an active new surface for brittle material fine particles after being fractured or deformed.

Abstract: A composite structure forming apparatus adapted to ejecting and causing an aerosol generated by scattering brittle material fine particles in a gas to collide with a substrate at high speed to form a structure made of the brittle material. The apparatus includes an aerosol generator for generating the aerosol, a nozzle for ejecting the aerosol, a shredder for shredding the brittle particles cohering in the aerosol and preventing cohesion of the brittle material fine particles, and a classifier for classifying the brittle material fine particles in the aerosol. The apparatus also includes a pretreatment device for creating internal strain in the brittle material fine particles, and a position control device for controlling the position of the nozzle relative to the substrate. The apparatus further includes a container having a sieve and a vibration device, and one or more of these components may be associated with the aerosol generator.

Abstract: In order to control and reduce generation of disjoined grains from a plasma-resistant member, the present invention provides a plasma-resistant member having no pores and boundary layers. In a layer structure made of yttria polycrystal and formed on a surface of a member for a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus on a side exposed to plasma, the ratio of pores to the surface of the layer structure is less than 0.1 area %. With this, corrosion from pores never progresses even in a plasma atmosphere. It is also possible to control and reduce disjoined grains due to such corrosion.

Abstract: In order to control and reduce generation of disjoined grains from a plasma-resistant member, the present invention provides a plasma-resistant member having no pores and boundary layers. In a layer structure made of yttria polycrystal and formed on a surface of a member for a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus on a side exposed to plasma, substantially no hyaline boundary layer exists in the yttria polycrystal. With this, corrosion from a boundary layer never progresses even in a plasma atmosphere. It is also possible to control and reduce disjoined grains due to such corrosion.

Abstract: A data signal line driving circuit is provided with a unit block which corresponds to each set of data signal lines corresponding to the data signal lines for two pixels adjacently provided in the direction of a scanning signal line. Each unit block is provided with a positive polarity system including a level shifter, a D/A converter and a voltage follower for the positive polarity, and a negative polarity system including a level shifter, a D/A converter and a voltage follower for the negative polarity. Further, the ranges of power voltages of the positive polarity voltage follower and the negative polarity voltage follower are respectively the high voltage side half and the low voltage side half of the range of a power voltage of a positive/negative polarity-compatible voltage follower.

Abstract: A data signal line driving circuit is provided with a unit block which corresponds to each set of data signal lines corresponding to the data signal lines for two pixels adjacently provided in the direction of a scanning signal line. Each unit block is provided with a positive polarity system including a level shifter, a D/A converter and a voltage follower for the positive polarity, and a negative polarity system including a level shifter, a D/A converter and a voltage follower for the negative polarity. Further, the ranges of power voltages of the positive polarity voltage follower and the negative polarity voltage follower are respectively the high voltage side half and the low voltage side half of the range of a power voltage of a positive/negative polarity-compatible voltage follower.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a corona discharge device suitable for use as an ozonizer capable of producing a controlled small amount of ozone throughout a prolonged service life. A foreproduct of corona discharge device (50) is first prepared which is provided with first and second planar electrodes (54; 56) capacitively coupled with each other by a third floating electrode (64) which is coated by a protective layer (68) of chemically-resistive electrically-insulatingmaterial. A high frequency alternating voltage having a voltage level higher than an initial minimum flashover voltage level of the foreproduct is then applied until the protective layer is aged. Aging of the protective layer is effective in lowering the initial minimum flashover voltage of the final product thus obtained as well as in reducing any fluctuation of the initial minimum flashover voltage that would otherwise occur from product to product. Various other features are also disclosed.