Abstract: A method of planning works for robots includes creating a work plan for a plurality of robots, each having a work tool, sharing at at least one station a work to a plurality of work parts of the workpiece. The method includes the steps of calculating a distribution of the work parts to the robots, calculating, as a robot operation, a work order of the work parts and a moving path of the work tool for each of the robots based on the calculated work distribution, and calculating a disposed location of each of the robots with respect to the workpiece and a station where the robot is disposed so that an inter-robot interference does not occur during execution of the calculated robot operation.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a reinforcing fiber bundle that can maintain a good opening state of reinforcing fibers and that can produce a fiber-reinforced composite having excellent mechanical strength; a reinforcing fiber woven fabric using the same; a carbon fiber reinforcing composite using the same; and methods for producing the same. [Solution] A reinforcing fiber bundle comprising a plurality of reinforcing fibers is produced, the reinforcing fiber bundle having a cross-linking portion comprising a carbon allotrope between the reinforcing fibers.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a reinforcing fiber bundle that can maintain a good opening state of reinforcing fibers and that can produce a fiber-reinforced composite having excellent mechanical strength; a reinforcing fiber woven fabric using the same; a carbon fiber reinforcing composite using the same; and methods for producing the same. [Solution] A reinforcing fiber bundle comprising a plurality of reinforcing fibers is produced, the reinforcing fiber bundle having a cross-linking portion comprising a carbon allotrope between the reinforcing fibers.

Abstract: A card insertion part for use with a card may include a card insertion port; a light guide member surrounding at least a part of a periphery of the card insertion port when viewed in an inserting direction of the card; a light source configured to emit a light toward the light guide member; a reflection member disposed on a rear side with respect to the light guide member in the inserting direction of the card; and a cover member including the card insertion port and covers at least the light guide member and the light source from a front side in the inserting direction of the card. The cover member may include translucent light transmissive material.

Abstract: A card insertion part for use with a card may include a card insertion port; a light guide member surrounding at least a part of a periphery of the card insertion port when viewed in an inserting direction of the card; a light source configured to emit a light toward the light guide member; a reflection member disposed on a rear side with respect to the light guide member in the inserting direction of the card; and a cover member including the card insertion port and covers at least the light guide member and the light source from a front side in the inserting direction of the card. The cover member may include translucent light transmissive material.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing methacrolein and methacrylic acid which can improve yields of methacrolein and methacrylic acid. The method is to produce methacrolein and methacrylic acid through gas-phase contact oxidation of at least one raw material selected from the group consisting of isobutylene, TBA, and MTBE with molecular oxygen in the presence of a catalyst containing molybdenum, bismuth, and iron, using a fixed-bed reactor, in which, when a boundary temperature of activation energy of the oxidation reaction is denoted by TA (° C.), the reaction is started at a temperature lower than the reaction temperature TA (° C.), the reaction is controlled while increasing a reaction temperature such that a reaction rate of the raw material is kept constant, and the reaction is ended at a reaction temperature exceeding TA (° C.), and, when an average of rates of temperature increase until the reaction temperature reaches TA (° C.) is denoted by A (° C.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing at least one of an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an alcohol in a liquid phase through a simple process. Namely, at least one of an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid is produced by dehydrating and oxidizing an alcohol in a liquid phase at 110 to 250° C. in the presence of molecular oxygen and a noble metal-containing catalyst. Alternatively, at least one of an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid is produced by dehydrating and oxidizing an alcohol in a liquid phase in the presence of molecular oxygen, a noble metal-containing catalyst, and an acidic substance.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst which can produce an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid through liquid-phase oxidation of an olefin or an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde in good reaction performance, a method for producing the catalyst, and a method for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid by using the catalyst. The present invention resides in a catalyst for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid, wherein a metal is supported on a carrier with a total pore volume of 0.40 to 1.50 cc/g as measured by nitrogen gas adsorption method, or wherein palladium with an average particle diameter in the range of 1 to 8 nm is supported on the carrier.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for enhancing a yield of an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid obtained by liquid-phase oxidation reaction of an olefin or an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde. In particular, there is provided a method for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid, wherein the method includes the step of carrying out oxidation reaction of an olefin or an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde in a liquid phase to obtain a reaction mixture containing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride and the step of bringing the ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride into contact with an alcohol or water to obtain an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid resulting from decomposition of the ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing at least one of an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an alcohol in a liquid phase through a simple process. Namely, at least one of an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid is produced by dehydrating and oxidizing an alcohol in a liquid phase at 110 to 250° C. in the presence of molecular oxygen and a noble metal-containing catalyst. Alternatively, at least one of an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid is produced by dehydrating and oxidizing an alcohol in a liquid phase in the presence of molecular oxygen, a noble metal-containing catalyst, and an acidic substance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for enhancing a yield of an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid obtained by liquid-phase oxidation reaction of an olefin or an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde. In particular, there is provided a method for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid, wherein the method includes the step of carrying out oxidation reaction of an olefin or an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde in a liquid phase to obtain a reaction mixture containing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride and the step of bringing the ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride into contact with an alcohol or water to obtain an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid resulting from decomposition of the ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst which can produce an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid through liquid-phase oxidation of an olefin or an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde in good reaction performance, a method for producing the catalyst, and a method for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid by using the catalyst. The present invention resides in a catalyst for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid, wherein a metal is supported on a carrier with a total pore volume of 0.40 to 1.50 cc/g as measured by nitrogen gas adsorption method, or wherein palladium with an average particle diameter in the range of 1 to 8 nm is supported on the carrier.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a palladium-containing catalyst which is used for highly selectively or highly productively producing an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an olefin or in that way producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde; a method for producing the catalyst; and a method for highly selectively or highly productively producing an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an olefin or in that way producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde. In particular, the present invention resides in a palladium-containing catalyst comprising 0.001 to 0.40 mole of tellurium metal to 1.0 mole of palladium metal. This catalyst can be preferably produced by a method having a step of reducing a compound containing palladium atom in its oxidized state and tellurium atom in its oxidized state by a reducing agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a palladium-containing catalyst which is used for highly selectively or highly productively producing an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an olefin or in that way producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde; a method for producing the catalyst; and a method for highly selectively or highly productively producing an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde and an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an olefin or in that way producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde. In particular, the present invention resides in a palladium-containing catalyst comprising 0.001 to 0.40 mole of tellurium metal to 1.0 mole of palladium metal. This catalyst can be preferably produced by a method having a step of reducing a compound containing palladium atom in its oxidized state and tellurium atom in its oxidized state by a reducing agent.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst which can produce an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid through liquid-phase oxidation of an olefin or an ?,?-unsaturated aldehyde in good reaction performance, a method for producing the catalyst, and a method for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid by using the catalyst. The present invention resides in a catalyst for producing an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid, wherein a metal is supported on a carrier with a total pore volume of 0.40 to 1.50 cc/g as measured by nitrogen gas adsorption method, or wherein palladium with an average particle diameter in the range of 1 to 8 nm is supported on the carrier.

Abstract: A light emitting element comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, an emissive layer provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a carrier transporting layer provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the carrier transporting layer includes an electrolytic composition.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a photoelectric conversion element, in which a first carrier transport layer, a dye layer, and a second carrier transport layer are interposed between an anode and a cathode, includes forming the first carrier transport layer, forming the dye layer so as to come into contact with the first carrier transport layer, forming the second carrier transport layer so as to come into contact with the dye layer, and forming at least one of the first carrier transport layer and the second carrier transport layer by a liquid film-deposition method.

Abstract: A carbon-insertion-type palladium metal in which an amount of inserted carbon is 0.16 mol or more with respect to 1.0 mol of a palladium metal, and a carbon-insertion-type palladium metal in which a crystal face distance of a (111) face of a palladium metal is 2.270 ? or more are useful as raw materials of a palladium catalyst for use in an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid preparation reaction, and the like. The carbon-insertion-type palladium metal can preferably be prepared by reduction of palladium in a palladium compound having a chlorine content of 0 to 300 ppm.

Abstract: The solar cell of the present invention includes a titanium dioxide semiconductor that is held between a pair of electrodes so that the titanium dioxide semiconductor and at least one of the electrodes form a rectification barrier.

Abstract: The solar cell of the present invention includes a titanium dioxide semiconductor that is held between a pair of electrodes so that the titanium dioxide semiconductor and at least one of the electrodes form a rectification barrier.