Abstract: There is provided an optical wavelength suppressed in sinking of the core layer into the underlying cladding layer in the heat treatment of the manufacturing process, thereby enabling the reduction of the loss of the visible light waveguide, and suppressed in variations in the substrate plane in the optical waveguide shape. The optical waveguide includes: a substrate, an underlying cladding layer formed on the substrate, an etching stopping layer formed on the underlying cladding layer, a core layer formed on the etching stopping layer, and an overlying cladding layer formed on the core layer and the etching stopping layer. The optical waveguide is characterized in that the etching stopping layer includes a material having a smaller etching rate than that of a material forming the core layer, and having a higher softening point than that of the material forming the core layer.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus of the present invention includes a circuit including both a circuit within a fixing unit and a power control circuit, provided with a first circuit which supplies power to a heater from an AC power supply, a second circuit electrically insulated from the first circuit, and a third circuit electrically insulated from both the first circuit and the second circuit, all of the first to third circuits are provided on at least one surface of a circuit board, and the first to third circuits are disposed on at least one straight line on which all of the first to third circuits are present on the one surface of the circuit board in the order of the first circuit, the third circuit and the second circuit.

Abstract: An end portion structure of a transmission line of the present invention is a structure in which a protective film with a thickness of 0.5 ?m to 3.0 ?m is formed on the end surface of the transmission line in place of an end cap formed in an end portion of a transmission line in the related art, and no adhesive is used in a portion through which light passes. The protective film on the end surface works to suppress a bulge of the core. The thickness of the protective film is significantly thinner than the end cap, and thus waveguides facing each other can be brought close to each other. It is possible to reduce the connection loss between two fibers or waveguides facing each other to be 0.5 dB or less. Since no adhesive is used, there is no loss increase caused by adhesive deterioration.

Abstract: To provide an optical connector that can prevent degradation of end faces of cores using a simple structure. The optical connector is adapted to connect single-mode optical fibers for visible light with a wavelength of less than or equal to 650 nm to ultraviolet light, specifically, connect the optical fibers by allowing ferrules having fixed thereto the respective optical fibers to be inserted into a sleeve and allowing the ferrules to butt against each other, in which a film of nitride, oxide, or fluoride is formed on an end face of each of the optical fibers and the ferrules.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus of the present invention includes a circuit including both a circuit within a fixing unit and a power control circuit, provided with a first circuit which supplies power to a heater from an AC power supply, a second circuit electrically insulated from the first circuit, and a third circuit electrically insulated from both the first circuit and the second circuit, all of the first to third circuits are provided on at least one surface of a circuit board, and the first to third circuits are disposed on at least one straight line on which all of the first to third circuits are present on the one surface of the circuit board in the order of the first circuit, the third circuit and the second circuit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a fixing unit, a switching element, and a controller. The controller controls the switching element on a half-cycle basis of an alternating current. A period in which the electric power is supplied to the heater within a period of a half-cycle of the alternating current is divided into at least one first power supply period and a second power supply period longer than one first power supply period. A length of a sum of the at least one first power supply period is a length from 1/6000 to 1/40 of one cycle of the alternating current. A sum of electric power supplied in the at least one first power supply period and electric power supplied in the second power supply period is determined depending on a difference between a temperature and a target temperature of the fixing unit.

Abstract: A storage device for a vehicle includes a storage portion main body capable of storing things therein, a lid swingably supported by the storage portion main body via a shaft member, a biasing member for biasing the lid in an opening direction, a first damper capable of damping a biasing force of the biasing member to a first transmission member, and a second damper capable of damping the biasing force of the biasing member to the second transmission member. The biasing force of the biasing member is set to a force that allows the lid to swing in the opening direction from a fully closed position to a predetermined open position, and stops a swinging motion of the lid when the lid is in the predetermined open position.

Abstract: A crystalline form and/or polymorph of a compound having the following structure (I), including tautomeric and zwitterionic forms thereof, are provided: Methods associated with preparation and use of the polymorphs, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same are also provided. Also provided are methods for preparing a compound having formula (I), or a salt, tautomer or zwitterionic form thereof.

Abstract: Provided is a fringe projection device capable of adjusting resolution and measurement accuracy without increasing the number of light sources, performing position adjustment of the emission point and the surface to be inspected, or increasing device costs and measurement procedures. A waveguide-type optical phase modulator of the present invention includes a waveguide-type optical element in which an optical waveguide is formed on a substrate, the waveguide-type optical element including: at least one input waveguide to which an optical signal is input; a one-input and N-output (N is an integer of 2 or more) branch waveguide that is optically connected to an output of the input waveguide; 1×M (M is an integer of 2 or more) optical switches that are optically connected to outputs of the branch waveguide; (N×M) phase shifters that are optically connected to outputs of the optical switches; and (N×M) output waveguides that are optically connected to outputs of the phase shifters.

Abstract: To provide a planar lightwave circuit capable of being optically connected to a semiconductor optical element or an optical wiring component in a simple, precise, and stable manner without an increase in circuit footprint or the number of fabrication steps or a deterioration of characteristics. By arranging a dummy optical waveguide having a mirror function in the vicinity of an input/output waveguide of an optical functional circuit forming the planar lightwave circuit, a semiconductor optical element or an optical wiring component can be easily aligned with and fixed to the optical functional circuit by monitoring the reflection light intensity from the dummy optical waveguide. When the optical functional circuit has a plurality of input/output waveguides to be optically connected, each input/output waveguide can be identified if the dummy optical waveguides having the mirror function have different reflection properties (such as reflectance, width, position, or reflection wavelength).

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of formula (1) and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound useful as a nerve regeneration promoter wherein R1-L- is R1—OC(O)—, or the like, R1 is hydrogen atom, optionally-substituted C1-6 alkyl group, optionally-substituted 3- to 8-membered cycloalkyl group, or the like, R2 is hydrogen atom or the like, Ring A is formula (2) or formula (3) wherein R3 is hydrogen atom, optionally-substituted C1-6 alkyl group, or the like, the part of X, Y, and Z is X?Y—Z, X—Y?Z, or X—Y—Z, X is nitrogen atom, NR4 (R4 is hydrogen atom, optionally-substituted C1-6 alkyl group, or the like), or the like, Y is carbon atom or the like, and Z is carbon atom, nitrogen atom or the like.

Abstract: Methods for treating a disease in a subject in need thereof by administering an ACVR1 inhibitor having the following formula (I) are disclosed: including stereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 are as defined herein. Subjects that may benefit from treatment may have mutations in their ACVR1 gene. Various diseases may be treated using the described methods, including cancers (e.g., diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG)) and genetic disorders (e.g., fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP)).

Abstract: A crystalline form and/or polymorph of a compound having the following structure (I), including tautomeric and zwitterionic forms thereof, are provided: Methods associated with preparation and use of the polymorphs, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same are also provided. Also provided are methods for preparing a compound having formula (I), or a salt, tautomer or zwitterionic form thereof.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus of the present invention includes a circuit including both a circuit within a fixing unit and a power control circuit, provided with a first circuit which supplies power to a heater from an AC power supply, a second circuit electrically insulated from the first circuit, and a third circuit electrically insulated from both the first circuit and the second circuit, all of the first to third circuits are provided on at least one surface of a circuit board, and the first to third circuits are disposed on at least one straight line on which all of the first to third circuits are present on the one surface of the circuit board in the order of the first circuit, the third circuit and the second circuit.

Abstract: A storage device for a vehicle includes a storage portion main body capable of storing things therein, a lid swingably supported by the storage portion main body via a shaft member, a biasing member for biasing the lid in an opening direction, a first damper capable of damping a biasing force of the biasing member to a first transmission member, and a second damper capable of damping the biasing force of the biasing member to the second transmission member. The biasing force of the biasing member is set to a force that allows the lid to swing in the opening direction from a fully closed position to a predetermined open position, and stops a swinging motion of the lid when the lid is in the predetermined open position.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of formula (1) and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound useful as a nerve regeneration promoter wherein R1-L- is R1—OC(O)—, or the like, R1 is hydrogen atom, optionally-substituted C1-6 alkyl group, optionally-substituted 3- to 8-membered cycloalkyl group, or the like, R2 is hydrogen atom or the like, Ring A is formula (2) or formula (3) wherein R3 is hydrogen atom, optionally-substituted C1-6 alkyl group, or the like, the part of X, Y, and Z is X?Y—Z, X—Y?Z, or X—Y—Z, X is nitrogen atom, NR4 (R4 is hydrogen atom, optionally-substituted C1-6 alkyl group, or the like), or the like, Y is carbon atom or the like, and Z is carbon atom, nitrogen atom or the like.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus of the present invention includes a circuit including both a circuit within a fixing unit and a power control circuit, provided with a first circuit which supplies power to a heater from an AC power supply, a second circuit electrically insulated from the first circuit, and a third circuit electrically insulated from both the first circuit and the second circuit, all of the first to third circuits are provided on at least one surface of a circuit board, and the first to third circuits are disposed on at least one straight line on which all of the first to third circuits are present on the one surface of the circuit board in the order of the first circuit, the third circuit and the second circuit.

Abstract: A crystalline form and/or polymorph of a compound having the following structure (I), including tautomeric and zwitterionic forms thereof, are provided: Methods associated with preparation and use of the polymorphs, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same are also provided. Also provided are methods for preparing a compound having formula (I), or a salt, tautomer or zwitterionic form thereof.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus of the present invention includes a circuit including both a circuit within a fixing unit and a power control circuit, provided with a first circuit which supplies power to a heater from an AC power supply, a second circuit electrically insulated from the first circuit, and a third circuit electrically insulated from both the first circuit and the second circuit, all of the first to third circuits are provided on at least one surface of a circuit board, and the first to third circuits are disposed on at least one straight line on which all of the first to third circuits are present on the one surface of the circuit board in the order of the first circuit, the third circuit and the second circuit.

Abstract: Methods for treating a disease in a subject in need thereof by administering an ACVR1 inhibitor having the following formula (I) are disclosed: including stereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 are as defined herein. Subjects that may benefit from treatment may have mutations in their ACVR1 gene. Various diseases may be treated using the described methods, including cancers (e.g., diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG)) and genetic disorders (e.g., fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP)).