Abstract: A refrigeration cycle apparatus includes a main circuit and a bypass circuit. The main circuit includes: a compressor; a first condenser; a first refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger; a first expansion device; a first branching portion; a first evaporator; a third branching; and a fourth branching portion. The bypass includes: a second expansion device; the first refrigerant-to-refrigerant heat exchanger; and a second branching portion. The second branching portion includes a liquid outflow pipe and a gas outflow pipe. The liquid outflow pipe defines one outlet for the refrigerant and is located below the gas outflow pipe. The gas outflow pipe defines another outlet for the refrigerant and is located above the liquid outflow pipe. The one outlet of the second branching portion communicates with the third branching portion. The other outlet of the second branching portion communicates with the fourth branching portion.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment apparatus includes: an air diffusing unit that supplies gas to nitrogen-containing water, so that ammonia contained in the nitrogen-containing water is nitrified to nitrate according to a flow of the water, and each desired proportion of the nitrate is denitrified at each position along the flow direction; a denitrification confirming unit provided at a halfway position between an upstream-side denitrification zone for obtaining a requisite minimum denitrified nitrogen amount and a downstream-side nitrification zone for obtaining ultimately required nitrified water quality, which follows the upstream-side denitrification zone on a downstream side thereof; and a gas supply-amount control unit that controls a gas supply amount from the air diffusing unit at least on an upstream side of the denitrification confirming unit, so that a desired proportion of the nitrate is denitrified at the halfway position, based on the denitrification state confirmed by the denitrification confirming unit.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment apparatus includes an air diffusing unit, a denitrification confirming unit, a nitrification confirming unit, a gas supply-amount control unit. The air diffusing unit supplies gas to nitrogen-containing water. The denitrification confirming unit provided at a first predetermined position confirms a denitrification state whether a desired proportion of the nitrate has been denitrified. The nitrification confirming unit provided at a second predetermined position confirms a nitrification state whether a desired proportion of the ammonia has been nitrified. The gas supply-amount control unit controls a gas supply amount at least on an upstream side of the denitrification confirming unit, so that the desired proportion of the nitrate is denitrified at the first predetermined position, and controls the gas supply amount at least on an upstream side of the nitrification confirming unit, so that the desired proportion of the ammonia is nitrified at the second predetermined position.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment apparatus includes an air diffusing unit, a denitrification confirming unit, a nitrification confirming unit, a gas supply-amount control unit. The air diffusing unit supplies gas to nitrogen-containing water. The denitrification confirming unit provided at a first predetermined position confirms a denitrification state whether a desired proportion of the nitrate has been denitrified. The nitrification confirming unit provided at a second predetermined position confirms a nitrification state whether a desired proportion of the ammonia has been nitrified. The gas supply-amount control unit controls a gas supply amount at least on an upstream side of the denitrification confirming unit, so that the desired proportion of the nitrate is denitrified at the first predetermined position, and controls the gas supply amount at least on an upstream side of the nitrification confirming unit, so that the desired proportion of the ammonia is nitrified at the second predetermined position.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment apparatus includes: an air diffusing unit that supplies gas to nitrogen-containing water, so that ammonia contained in the nitrogen-containing water is nitrified to nitrate according to a flow of the water, and each desired proportion of the nitrate is denitrified at each position along the flow direction; a denitrification confirming unit provided at a halfway position between an upstream-side denitrification zone for obtaining a requisite minimum denitrified nitrogen amount and a downstream-side nitrification zone for obtaining ultimately required nitrified water quality, which follows the upstream-side denitrification zone on a downstream side thereof; and a gas supply-amount control unit that controls a gas supply amount from the air diffusing unit at least on an upstream side of the denitrification confirming unit, so that a desired proportion of the nitrate is denitrified at the halfway position, based on the denitrification state confirmed by the denitrification confirming unit.

Abstract: Fermented soybean foods rich in &ggr;-aminobutyric acid are produced by fermentation of soybean using Tempe molds.

Abstract: Prior to the transfer process, the pre-transfer charging is conducted on the recording image formed on the electrostatic recording body by the development process, and the potential difference generated in the air gap between the recording medium and the recording image at the time of transfer, is made smaller than the Paschen discharge potential difference.

Abstract: The present invention provides a labelled .beta.-cyano-L-alanine and a .gamma.-cyano-.alpha.-aminobutyric acid, of which cyano group carbon is labelled with radionuclide .sup.11 C or .sup.14 C, or stable isotope .sup.13 C. The present invention also provides a labelled amino acids such as asparagine, asparatic acid, DABA, GABA, glutamine and glutamic acid synthesized by using the labelled .beta.-cyano-L-alanine and the .gamma.-cyano-.alpha.-aminobutyric acid as an intermediate. The labelled amino acids are useful for in vivo imaging of tumors and brain functions.

Abstract: A guide hole extending axially, a valve seat and an injection port are coaxially formed on an elongated valve body in this order toward a distal end of the valve body. A pressurized fuel is introduced into a basal end of the guide hole. A valve element is slidably received in the guide hole of the valve body. Inclined passages are formed in one of the valve element and the valve body. When the valve element is lifted, the pressurized fuel flows, as a swirling current, between a valve portion and the valve seat, proceeds toward an exit of the injection port while swirling along an inner peripheral surface of the injection port, and is injected from the injection port. When the valve element is in the fully lifted position, an orifice for restricting an amount of fuel injected from the injection port per unit time is formed between the valve portion and the valve seat.

Abstract: A valve seat member is fixedly received in a lower end portion of an elongated body. The valve seat member has a valve seat and an injection port at its lower end portion. A valve element is axially movably received in the body. The valve element is fully lifted from a position where a valve portion formed on the lower end of the valve element sits on the valve seat to a position where an upper end portion of the valve element is brought into abutment with a stopper of the body. This fully lifted amount is determined by the thickness of a shim interposed between a first receiving surface of the body and a second receiving surface of the valve seat member. The lower end portion of the body and the valve seat member are welded over the entire periphery.

Abstract: A collision type of fuel injection nozzle that ensures full frontal collision between jets of fuel injected from the opposed second injection nozzle holes is provided, and a method of manufacturing the nozzle. The method includes forming fuel inlets that extend from the fuel passage and avoid the collision recess, simultaneously forming the at least one pair of injection nozzles holes in a straight line that intersects the fuel inlets and the collision recess and then fixing a cap over at least a peripheral portion of the injection holes. This manufacturing method permits the nozzle holes to be formed at the same time ensuring alignment of the outlets for collision and highly uniform atomization.