Abstract: A vehicle is provided with wheels fitted with pneumatic tires, and a vehicle body including wheel wells that surround the wheels. The pneumatic tire includes a plurality of protrusions on a sidewall portion that faces a predetermined wheel well side surface. An average normal vector of the wheel well side surface is inclined with respect to a rotation axis of the wheel. In such a configuration, when the vehicle is traveling and the tires are rotating, an air flow promotion effect and rectification effect are produced due to the protrusions on the sidewall portion, and negative pressure forms between the tire and the wheel well side surface.

Abstract: In a tire, protrusions are disposed at intervals in the tire circumferential direction in at least one tire side portion, extending in an elongated manner from the inner side to the outer side in the tire radial direction including the maximum tire width position, the extension direction of each of the protrusions is inclined with respect to the tire radial direction, and the each of the protrusions adjacent to each other in the tire circumferential direction is disposed with the opposite orientation of the inclination with respect to the tire radial direction.

Abstract: A green tire of a pneumatic tire, including a cylindrical annular structure, an unvulcanized rubber layer, which will become a tread portion, provided along a circumferential direction of the annular structure on an outer side of the annular structure, and a carcass portion including fibers covered with rubber, provided on at least both sides in the width direction of a cylindrical structure including the annular structure and the unvulcanized rubber layer, is disposed in a vulcanization mold. The vulcanization mold is split into the side plates and the sector at a position on the inner side in the width direction of the annular structure. Next, the bladder inside the green tire is pressurized after closing the side plates and prior to closing the sector. Then the sector is closed and vulcanization is started.

Abstract: A protrusion that projects from the inner wall surface of a tire house towards the rotational axis side is provided on the tire house side in a range from an edge of a tire cross-sectional width S that corresponds to a vehicle inner side of the pneumatic tire to a vehicle outer side. A plurality of ridges and/or recesses is provided on at least one tire side section on the pneumatic tire side. Where a maximum distance of the ridges from the surface of the tire side section is designated as Hp, a maximum distance of the recesses from the surface of the tire side section is designated as Hd, and the tire cross-sectional width of the pneumatic tire is designated as S, ranges 0.005?Hp/S?0.05 and/or 0.001?Hd/S?0.01 are satisfied.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire including a cylindrical annular structure, a rubber layer that will become a tread portion provided along a circumferential direction of the annular structure, on an outer side of the annular structure, and a carcass portion including fibers covered by rubber, provided on both sides in a direction parallel to a center axis (Y-axis) of a cylindrical structure including the annular structure and the rubber layer. In a meridian cross-sectional view of the structure, an outer side of the rubber layer and the outer side of the annular structure have the same form.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire has a plurality of long radially extending ridges disposed at intervals in the tire circumferential direction on at least one side section of the tire, the ridges being non-uniformly disposed around the tire circumferential direction. The ridges are disposed, for example, so that the angles ? between the ridges vary in the tire circumferential direction.

Abstract: The pneumatic tire having a vehicle inner/outer orientation when mounted on a vehicle includes: protrusions provided on a vehicle inner side on a tire side portion in a tire circumferential direction; and a plurality of recesses provided on a vehicle outer side on a tire side portion, wherein the height of projection of the protrusions from the tire side portion is more than 4 mm and not more than 10 mm, the protrusions are formed elongated and the bending rigidity in a lateral direction satisfies a range not less than 0.1 MPa·mm4 and not more than 10,000 MPa·mm4.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire including: a cylindrical annular structure; a rubber layer, which will become a tread portion, provided along a circumferential direction of the annular structure on an outer side of the annular structure; a carcass portion provided on at least both sides in a width direction of the cylindrical structure including the annular structure and the rubber layer; and an extending portion that extends from both sides in the width direction of the annular structure farther outward in the width direction than a ground contact edge on the outer side in the width direction of the tread portion, and that is provided in plurality on both sides in the width direction along the circumferential direction of the annular structure.

Abstract: A circumferential direction protrusion is provided extending longitudinally mainly along a tire circumferential direction on a side outward in a tire radial direction from a maximum tire width position on at least a first tire side portion of a tire.

Abstract: In a tire, protrusions are disposed at intervals in the tire circumferential direction in at least one tire side portion, extending in an elongated manner from the inner side to the outer side in the tire radial direction including the maximum tire width position, the extension direction of each of the protrusions is inclined with respect to the tire radial direction, and the each of the protrusions adjacent to each other in the tire circumferential direction is disposed with the opposite orientation of the inclination with respect to the tire radial direction.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire including: a cylindrical annular structure; a rubber layer, which will become a tread portion, provided along a circumferential direction of the annular structure on an outer side of the annular structure; a carcass portion provided on at least both sides in a width direction of the cylindrical structure including the annular structure and the rubber layer; and an extending portion that extends from both sides in the width direction of the annular structure farther outward in the width direction than a ground contact edge on the outer side in the width direction of the tread portion, and that is provided in plurality on both sides in the width direction along the circumferential direction of the annular structure.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire 1 including a cylindrical annular structure 10; a rubber layer 11 that will become a tread portion, provided along a circumferential direction of the annular structure 10, on an outer side 10so of the annular structure 10; and a carcass portion 12 including fibers covered with rubber, provided on both sides 2S in a direction parallel to a center axis (Y-axis) of a cylindrical structure 2 including the annular structure 10 and the rubber layer 11. In a meridian cross-sectional view of the structure 2, an outer side 11so of the rubber layer 11 and the outer side 10so of the annular structure 10 have the same form.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire 1 including a cylindrical annular structure 10; a rubber layer 11 that will become a tread portion, provided along a circumferential direction of the annular structure 10, on an outer side 10so of the annular structure 10; and a carcass portion 12 including fibers covered with rubber, provided on both sides 2S in a direction parallel to a center axis (Y-axis) of a cylindrical structure 2 including the annular structure 10 and the rubber layer 11. In a meridian cross-sectional view of the structure 2, an outer side 11so of the rubber layer 11 and the outer side 10so of the annular structure 10 have the same form.

Abstract: A green tire of a pneumatic tire, including a cylindrical annular structure, an unvulcanized rubber layer, which will become a tread portion, provided along a circumferential direction of the annular structure on an outer side of the annular structure, and a carcass portion including fibers covered with rubber, provided on at least both sides in the width direction of a cylindrical structure including the annular structure and the unvulcanized rubber layer, is disposed in a vulcanization mold. The vulcanization mold is split into the side plates and the sector at a position on the inner side in the width direction of the annular structure. Next, the bladder inside the green tire is pressurized after closing the side plates and prior to closing the sector. Then the sector is closed and vulcanization is started.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire including: a cylindrical annular structure; a rubber layer, which will become a tread portion, provided along a circumferential direction of the annular structure on an outer side of the annular structure; a carcass portion provided on at least both sides in a width direction of the cylindrical structure including the annular structure and the rubber layer; and an extending portion that extends from both sides in the width direction of the annular structure farther outward in the width direction than a ground contact edge on the outer side in the width direction of the tread portion, and that is provided in plurality on both sides in the width direction along the circumferential direction of the annular structure.

Abstract: A space area is extracted from a product area on which element patterns are laid out and a mark region is extracted from the space area in the product area under a predetermined condition. The product area is divided into multiple regions and a monitor pattern forming region is selected from the mark regions for each divided region under a predetermined condition. A monitor pattern is laid out within the selected monitor pattern forming region.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire including a cylindrical annular structure, a rubber layer that will become a tread portion provided along a circumferential direction of the annular structure, on an outer side of the annular structure, and a carcass portion including fibers covered by rubber, provided on both sides in a direction parallel to a center axis (Y-axis) of a cylindrical structure including the annular structure and the rubber layer. In a meridian cross-sectional view of the structure, an outer side of the rubber layer and the outer side of the annular structure have the same form.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire including a cylindrical annular structure, a rubber layer that will become a tread portion provided along a circumferential direction of the annular structure, on an outer side of the annular structure, and a carcass portion including fibers covered by rubber, provided on both sides in a direction parallel to a center axis (Y-axis) of a cylindrical structure including the annular structure and the rubber layer.

Abstract: The permanent magnet rotor is capable of making tolerance of attaching a magnet cover great, applying no stress to structural elements of the rotor, preventing the magnet cover from being damaged under an environment where thermal expansion and thermal contraction are repeated in response to temperature variation, and preventing scatter of magnets. The permanent magnet rotor of an inner rotor-type motor comprises: a rotor yoke; a plurality of permanent magnets being arranged on an outer circumferential face of the rotor yoke, the permanent magnets constituting a plurality of segments; and a ring-shaped magnet cover covering outer faces of the permanent magnets, the magnet cover being composed of a nonmagnetic material. An inner diameter of the magnet cover before covering the outer faces of the permanent magnets is smaller than an outer diameter of the circularly-arranged permanent magnets.