Abstract: A method for manufacturing a surface acoustic wave element including: forming a conductive film on a surface of a piezoelectric substrate; forming a photoresist film on the conductive film; printing a pattern by exposing and developing the pattern, which is originally provided on a photomask, onto the photoresist film by reduced projection; forming an electrode of a surface acoustic wave element by etching the conductive film using the patterned photoresist film as a mask; measuring a resonant frequency of the surface acoustic wave element formed on the piezoelectric substrate; calculating an anodic oxidation voltage based on an amount of anodic oxidation of the electrode that is calculated in advance from the measured resonant frequency and a preset target resonant frequency; and performing anodic oxidation based on the anodic oxidation voltage calculated in the voltage calculation step and finishing anodic oxidation after detecting an end-point of oxidation reaction of the electrode.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave device is provided having a substrate made of quartz, a pair of inter digital transducer-shaped electrodes made of an aluminum layer, an electrode pad, and a pair of lattice-shaped reflectors made of the same material as the electrode. The crystal structure of the aluminum layer composing the electrode is a twin crystal structure, where crystal grains of the (−1 1 1) plane and the (0 0 2) plane and crystal grains of the (1 −1 −1) plane and the (0 0 −2) plane are in a twin crystal relationship with the (−1 1 −1) plane and the (1 −1 1) plane of aluminum as the twin boundaries. Also, the {1 1 1} plane of the aluminum layer is oriented to an 8° inclination relative to the {0 1 0} plane of quartz composing the substrate.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave device 1 has a substrate 2 made of quartz, a pair of inter digital transducer-shape electrode 3 made of an aluminum layer, an electrode pad 4, and a pair of lattice-shaped reflectors 5 made of the same material as the electrode 3. The crystal structure of the aluminum layer composing the electrode 3 is a twin crystal structure, where crystal grains of the (−1 1 1) plane and the (0 0 2) plane and crystal grains of the (1 −1 −1) plane and the (0 0 −2) plane are in a twin crystal relationship with the (−1 1 −1) plane and the (1 −1 1) plane of aluminum as the twin boundaries. Also, the {1 1 1} plane of the aluminum layer is oriented to an 8° inclination relative to the {0 1 0} plane of quartz composing the substrate 2.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave device is provided having a substrate made of quartz, a pair of inter digital transducer-shape electrode made of an aluminum layer, an electrode pad, and a pair of lattice-shaped reflectors made of the same material as the electrode. The crystal structure of the aluminum layer composing the electrode is a twin crystal structure, where crystal grains of the (−1 1 1) plane and the (0 0 2) plane and crystal grains of the (1 −1 −1) plane and the (0 0 −2) plane are in a twin crystal relationship with the (−1 1 −1) plane and the (1 −1 1) plane of aluminum as the twin boundaries. Also, the {1 1 1} plane of the aluminum layer is oriented to an 8° inclination relative to the {0 1 0} plane of quartz composing the substrate.

Abstract: There is provided a lever combination switch which can save a connector space at a reverse side of a bottom of a switch case.In the lever combination switch, a bottom of the switch case is fixed to a bracket, mounted on a steering shaft, through an insulator interposed therebetween, and the insulator, comprises a lower insulator, having at its reverse side a lower connector for connection to a connector connected to a vehicle-side circuit, and an upper insulator which has at its obverse side an upper connector for connection to a connector, connected to a circuit on the switch case, and the upper insulator also has a terminal, which projects from a reverse surface of the upper insulator, and is connected to the lower connector, and the upper insulator is disposed in superposing relation to the lower connector.