Abstract: An optical power monitor for an optical signal having a signal spectrum superimposed on a noise spectrum. Typically, the optical power monitor includes an optical coupler, first and second optical band-pass filters, first and second photodetectors, and an operating unit. The optical coupler branches the optical signal into first and second beams. The first optical band-pass filter has a first pass band including the signal spectrum, and the first beam is supplied to the first optical band-pass filter. The second optical band-pass filter has a second pass band including the signal spectrum and narrower than the first pass band, and the second beam is supplied to the second optical band-pass filter. The first photodetector receives the first beam passed through the first optical band-pass filter, and the second photodetector receives the second beam passed through the second optical band-pass filter.

Abstract: Spontaneous emission occurring in association with direct optical amplification using an erbium-doped optical fiber is modulated with an auxiliary signal, such as a supervisory signal, for transmission of the auxiliary signal. In a first aspect of the invention, the output of an optical amplifier is passed through a variable optical band-pass filter whose transmission characteristic is varied in accordance with the auxiliary signal, to modulate the spontaneous emission component contained in the optical amplifier output. In a second aspect of the invention, the output of the optical amplifier is separated by an optical branching device into a main optical signal and part of the spontaneous emission.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an optical amplifier such as an erbium-doped optical-fiber (EDF) amplifier suppresses overshooting of ALC control at power on and at the time of input light restoration from an off condition, while ensuring quick starting. At power on and at the time of input light restoration from an off condition, an idling current (IDC) reference value generating circuit generates an IDC reference voltage that increases to a value sufficiently greater than a value in a normal operating condition with a time constant corresponding to a rise time of the EDF, and thereby controls a laser diode for pumping the EDF. The voltage may be set to a value larger than the value in the normal operating condition for a predetermined period of time by using a timer.

Abstract: Spontaneous emission occurring in association with direct optical amplification using an erbium-doped optical fiber is modulated with an auxiliary signal, such as a supervisory signal, for transmission of the auxiliary signal. In a first aspect of the invention, the output of an optical amplifier is passed through a variable optical band-pass filter whose transmission characteristic is varied in accordance with the auxiliary signal, to modulate the spontaneous emission component contained in the optical amplifier output. In a second aspect of the invention, the output of the optical amplifier is separated by an optical branching device into a main optical signal and part of the spontaneous emission.

Abstract: A boxing game machine in which a pair of boxer dummies are opposed to each other, each boxer dummy having at least one extensible arm, includes: an extender which drives the extension of the arm; a rotary unit which is rotatable about a substantially horizontal axis and carries at least one of the boxer dummies; and an operative member which is connected with the rotary unit and provided with a switch for switching over the drive of the extender, the operative member being operable to rotate the rotary unit about the horizontal axis. By rotating the operative member about the substantially horizontal axis together with the rotary unit while gripping the operative member, the boxer dummy connected with the rotary unit rotates about the same axis.

Abstract: The optical amplifier includes a doped fiber doped with a rare earth element, a pumping light source, means for introducing signal light and pumping light into the doped fiber, detection means for detecting whether or not amplified signal light is included in light outputted from the doped fiber, and means for decreasing the intensity of the pumping light when it is detected that amplified signal light is not included. It can be possible to eliminate an influence of an optical surge arising from a characteristic of the doped fiber.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus for compressing and decompressing image data. The apparatus includes: a composition circuit for composing composed data, having a predetermined bit width, from the given image data which correspond to spatially continuous pixels of an image; a compression circuit for compressing the composed data with Lempel-Ziv algorithm so as to obtain compressed data; a memory for storing the compressed data therein; and a controller for controlling the composition circuit and the compression circuit.

Abstract: Spontaneous emission occurring in association with direct optical amplification using an erbium-doped optical fiber is modulated with an auxiliary signal, such as a supervisory signal, for transmission of the auxiliary signal. In a first aspect of the invention, the output of an optical amplifier is passed through a variable optical band-pass filter whose transmission characteristic is varied in accordance with the auxiliary signal, to modulate the spontaneous emission component contained in the optical amplifier output. In a second aspect of the invention, the output of the optical amplifier is separated by an optical branching device into a main optical signal and part of the spontaneous emission.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a spreading growth habit verbena plant having long stems. The plant has abundant branching and each node of the branches that contacts the ground commonly forms deep-spreading roots. The plant forms numerous flowers ascending spikes with a great profusion of blooms. The flowers exhibit petals having a very pale purple coloration. The plant is highly resistant to heat, cold, rain, diseases, and pests.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a spreading growth habit verbena plant having long stems. The plant has abundant branching and each node in the branches that contacts the ground commonly forms deep-spreading roots. The plant forms numerous flowers in ascending spikes with a great profusion of blooms. The flowers exhibit petals having a purplish red coloration, with a small pale purplish pink eye. The plant is highly resistant to heat, cold, rain, diseases, and pests.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a decumbent type verbena plant having long stems. The plant has abundant branching wherein each node of the branches the contacts the ground commonly forming deep-spreading roots. The plant forms numerous flowers that appear as ascending spikes in a great profusion of blooms. The flowers exhibit petals having a strong purple color, with a small very pale purple eye. The plant is highly resistant to heat, cold, diseases, and pests.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a decumbent type petunia plant having a long stem. The plant has abundant branching and a great profusion of blooms, and the whole bush remains in bloom for a long period of time. The flowers are single and small, are bi-color, and have a vein pattern. The plant is highly resistant to rain, drought, and heat and disease.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a decumbent type petunia plant having a long stem. The plant has abundant branching and a great profusion of blooms, and the whole bush remains in bloom for a long period of time. The flowers are single and small, are bi-color, and have vein pattern. The plant is highly resistant to rain, drought, heat and disease.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a decumbent type petunia plant having a long stem. The plant has abundant branching and a great profusion of blooms, and the whole bush remains in bloom for a long period of time. The flowers are single and small, and the petals have a vivid purple color. The plant is highly resistant to rain, drought, and heat.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a spreading growth habit verbena plant having long stems. The plant has abundant branching and each node in the said branches that contacts the ground commonly forms deep-spreading roots. The plant forms numerous flowers in ascending spikes with a great profusion of blooms. The flowers exhibit petals having vivid purple coloration. The plant is highly resistant to heat, cold, rain, diseases, and pests.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a decumbent type petunia plant having a long stem. The plant has abundant branching and a great profusion of blooms, and the whole bush remains in bloom for a long period of time. The flowers are single and small, and petals have a vivid reddish purple color and deep purple lines radiating from a pinkish white throat portion. The plant is highly resistant to rain, drought, heat, and disease.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a torenia plant which has large flowers and bi-color flower petals with light purple, deep purple and vivid purple, and light purple floral tube. The plant has semi-erect growth habit, medium branching and great profusion blooms, and the whole bush remains in bloom for a considerable period of time. The plant has a high resistance to heat, moderate resistance to diseases and pests, and grows and has flowers ordinarily in the shade of trees.