Abstract: Provided is a charging roll, including a core body, and an elastic layer that is disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the core body, wherein, with respect to an approximation curve that extends an outer curve of the axial direction of the core body of an outer circumferential surface in a region other than both end portions of the outermost layer up to both end portions of the outermost layer, a maximum increase amount of the outer curve in both end portions of the outermost layer is equal to or less than 60 ?m, and wherein a coefficient of friction of the outer circumferential surface at a position showing the maximum increase amount of the outer curve in both end portions of the outermost layer is equal to or less than 0.3, and a variation amount of the coefficient of friction is equal to or less than 30%.

Abstract: Provided is a charging roll, including a core body, and an elastic layer that is disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the core body, wherein, with respect to an approximation curve that extends an outer curve of the axial direction of the core body of an outer circumferential surface in a region other than both end portions of the outermost layer up to both end portions of the outermost layer, a maximum increase amount of the outer curve in both end portions of the outermost layer is equal to or less than 60 ?m, and wherein a coefficient of friction of the outer circumferential surface at a position showing the maximum increase amount of the outer curve in both end portions of the outermost layer is equal to or less than 0.3, and a variation amount of the coefficient of friction is equal to or less than 30%.

Abstract: A cleaning element for an image-forming apparatus, includes: a shaft; a strip-shaped sheet which is disposed helically on an outer circumferential surface of the shaft; and an adhesive layer which is disposed between the shaft and the strip-shaped sheet and binds the shaft and the strip-shaped sheet, the strip-shaped sheet having, on a surface thereof facing the shaft, an unbound region in which the adhesive layer is absent, at an end in a width direction of the strip-shaped sheet which faces a downstream side in a rotation direction of the shaft.

Abstract: A cleaning element for an image-forming apparatus, includes: a shaft; a strip-shaped sheet which is disposed helically on an outer circumferential surface of the shaft; and an adhesive layer which is disposed between the shaft and the strip-shaped sheet and binds the shaft and the strip-shaped sheet, the strip-shaped sheet having, on a surface thereof facing the shaft, an unbound region in which the adhesive layer is absent, at an end in a width direction of the strip-shaped sheet which faces a downstream side in a rotation direction of the shaft.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a charging roll that charges the image bearing member by rotating in contact with the image bearing member, and a cleaning member that removes materials adhered to the surface of the charging roll by contacting the surface of the charging roll. The cleaning member includes a foam body having an average cell diameter of 0.18 mm to 1.0 mm, and a ten point height of irregularities (Rz: JIS B0601-1982) of the charging roll is 1 ?m to 17 ?m.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a charging roll that charges the image bearing member by rotating in contact with the image bearing member, and a cleaning member that removes materials adhered to the surface of the charging roll by contacting the surface of the charging roll. The cleaning member includes a foam body having an average cell diameter of 0.18 mm to 1.0 mm, and a ten point height of irregularities (Rz: JIS B0601-1982) of the charging roll is 1 ?m to 17 ?m.