Abstract: An optical axis O? of a lens section of an optical member is inclined downward relative to a horizontal direction (an optical axis O of each LED) from a light emitting section of each LED. Therefore, an area at and below a horizontal position of a lighting device is illuminated by the lens section while each LED is arranged at an optically ideal position relative to the lens section. Also, reflection surfaces of upper and lower reflector sections and of the optical member are respectively set based on parabolas P1 and P2 different from each other with focal points F1 and F2 positioned at each LED. Therefore, the area at and below the horizontal position of the lighting device is illuminated respectively by the reflector sections while each LED is arranged at an optically ideal position relative to the reflector sections.

Abstract: There is provided a lighting system simple in configuration and capable of irradiating an irradiation image with less distortion onto an irradiation surface. For this reason, light shielding masks 24 causing light from an LED 12 to be incident on lens units 23b are arranged oppositely to a fly-eye lens 23. The opening shape of a light shielding unit 24b arranged on the light shielding mask 24 is set according to the state where the fly-eye lens 23 opposes an irradiation surface 100, and the light shielding unit 24b prohibits light in a range distorting the shape of an irradiation image on the irradiation surface 100 from being incident on the lens units 23b.

Abstract: A package for light emitting element including a package main body 1 having a bottom face 7a on which a light emitting element 2 is arranged, and a concave portion 7 which is formed in an inverted truncated cone shape by an inner wall face 7b intersecting with the bottom face 7a with a predetermined angle, and a translucent member 6 filled in the concave portion 7 of the package main body 1, the angle between the inner wall face 7b composing the concave portion 7 and the bottom face 7a is selected within ±15° of the incident critical angle in which a direct light radiated from the light emitting element 2 undergoes total reflection at the interface between the translucent member 6 and air.

Abstract: A lighting device controls power to a discharge lamp according to the temperature detected by a lamp sensor, which detects temperature around the discharge lamp. The discharge lamp has an arc tube and an outer bulb between which an airtight space is defined. Therefore, the lamp can be actuated without reduction in luminosity even at low temperatures. Also, the lamp luminosity rises quickly.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing a lamp involves preparing a lamp assembly having a base to which is coupled a bulb with external lead-in wires. One of the lead-in wires has an outer end which is drawn out between the bulb and the edge of the base. A potential is applied between a welding electrode of a welding device and the tip of the outer end of the external lead-in wire to weld the lead-in wire to the base. During this applying of potential, a gas flame is interposed between the outer end of the external lead-in wire and the welding electrode.