Abstract: Autofocus device has a lens-driving unit, a focal-point-position-detecting unit that detects a position of a focal point of the lens, and a distance measurement sensor. The sensor measures a distance to a subject based on a reference field of view for distance measurement and a field of view for distance measurement being offset outwardly from the reference field of view and/or a field of view for distance measurement having a field of view that is different from the reference field of view. The device has a control unit that controls the lens-driving unit to drive the lens to meet the position of the focal point of the lens to an in-focus position thereof. The focusing operation starts by setting the lens drive based on a representative value selected from measured distance results obtained by the distance measurement sensor and the position of the focal point of the lens.

Abstract: A control apparatus for controlling a driver driving an optical element of an image pickup device to adjust a focus position of the image pickup device in the capturing of an image of a subject, includes a relative angle variation calculating unit for calculating a relative angle variation, a mode change detecting unit for detecting of a change of a mode of the relative angle variation through determining whether the mode of the relative angle variation, calculated by the relative angle variation calculating unit, is a stable mode involving a small amount of change or an unstable mode involving a large amount of change, and a focus position control process startup unit for managing a startup of a focus position control process controlling the focus position through controlling the driver in response to a pattern of the change of the mode detected by the mode change detecting unit.

Abstract: Autofocus device has a lens-driving unit, a focal-point-position-detecting unit, and a distance measurement sensor that measures a distance to a subject. The device also has a control unit for controlling the lens-driving unit to drive the lens, thereby meeting the detected position of the focal point of the lens to an in-focus position. If a restart condition has not yet been satisfied after meeting the position of the focal point to the in-focus position to stop the focus operation, the control unit determines a switch of focusing on subjects based on the detected position of the focal point and a measured distance result by the distance measurement sensor and then restarts the focus operation based on a determination result thereof, thereby driving the lens to meet the position of the focal point to an in-focus position based on a measured distance result by the distance measurement sensor.

Abstract: Autofocus device has a lens-driving unit that drives a lens and a focal-point-position-detecting unit that detects a position of a focal point of the lens. The device also has a distance-measuring sensor that measures a distance to a subject and a control unit that performs a focusing operation to control the lens-driving unit to drive the lens, thereby meeting the position of the focal point of the lens detected by the focal-point-position-detecting unit to an in-focus position thereof. The control unit allows to be set a driving direction of the lens and a driving speed of the lens based on the position of the focal point of the lens detected by the focal-point-position-detecting unit and a distance measurement result measured by the distance-measuring sensor. The focusing operation then starts.

Abstract: A control apparatus for controlling a driver driving an optical element of an image pickup device to adjust a focus position of the image pickup device in the capturing of an image of a subject, includes a local peak comparing unit for comparing a local peak of an assessment value, as a parameter for adjusting the focus position, with a local peak of an integrated luminance value, the assessment value assessing an out-of-focus level of the captured image of the subject on a per field image basis, and the integrated luminance value being obtained by integrating a luminance value of the captured image of the subject on a per field image basis, and a mode selecting unit for selecting, from among a plurality of prepared modes, a mode searching for a peak over the entire range of the assessment value based on the comparison result provided by the local peak comparing unit.

Abstract: Input picture data are encrypted with high secrecy and restoration against an error of encrypted data. An EXOR circuit 100 calculates input picture data and a pseudo random sequence and obtains encrypted data. The obtained encrypted data are held in an FF circuit 101. The FF circuit 101 is reset for each line. Counters 102 and 103 count for each line or each frame and are reset for each frame or at the beginning of a program. An encryption device 105 encrypts outputs of an FF circuit 104 that holds a fixed value, the counters 103 and 102, and the FF circuit 101 with a key (K) and generates a pseudo random sequence. A shift register 106 divides the bit sequence. The EXOR 100 calculates the output of the shift register 106 and the input picture data and obtains encrypted data. Since the encrypted output is fed back, data cannot be stolen using a successive input of the same data.

Abstract: A nonvolatile magnetic memory device having a nonvolatile magnetic memory array comprising write-in word line(s), bit lines and tunnel magnetoresistance devices, wherein when data is written into the tunnel magnetoresistance device, a current I(m)RWL is passed through the m-th-place write-in word line, a current g(0)·I(n)BL is passed through the n-th-place bit line, and at the same time, a current g(k)·I(n)BL is passed through the q-th-place bit line (q=n+k, k is ±1, ±2, . . . , and the total number of the lines is K), and a spatial FIR filter assuming magnetic fields, which are supposed to be formed in the n-th-place bit line and the bit lines that are K in number by the current I(n)BL, to be discrete pulse response and assuming the coefficients g(0) and g(k) to be tap-gains is constituted of the n-th-place bit line and the bit lines that are K in number.

Abstract: An apparatus for enciphering data by which enciphered digital information data with improved cipher strength are obtained by subjecting digital information data to enciphered process responding to random number data or pseudo-random number data produced in accordance with key data, and which comprises an enciphering portion 40 for producing the enciphered digital information data, a cipher producing portion 45 for producing, in response to the key data, a cipher data from which random number data or pseudo-random number data are obtained to be supplied to the enciphering portion 40, a register 44 for supplying the cipher producing portion 45 with input data, and an initial value data generator 43 for supplying the register 44 with enciphered initial value data.

Abstract: An auto-focus apparatus, a focus adjusting method, an image capturing apparatus and an image capturing method make it possible to perform accurate focus adjustment on a subject for which the focus should be adjusted. The auto-focus apparatus emits an irradiation wave from emitting means for irradiation to a subject while changing an incident angle of the irradiation wave, detects an incident angle of a reflected wave of the irradiation wave reflected by the subject, incident on light receiving means positioned corresponding to the emitting means, determines based on the emitting angle and the incident angle whether or not the subject is a subject for which the focus is adjusted, and adjusts the focus on the subject when determining that the subject is the subject for which the focus should be adjusted, thereby making it possible to accurately adjust the focus on the subject for which the focus should be adjusted.

Abstract: An auto-focus apparatus, a focus adjusting method, an image capturing apparatus and an image capturing method make it possible to perform accurate focus adjustment on a subject for which the focus should be adjusted. The auto-focus apparatus emits an irradiation wave from emitting means for irradiation to a subject while changing an incident angle of the irradiation wave, detects an incident angle of a reflected wave of the irradiation wave reflected by the subject, incident on light receiving means positioned corresponding to the emitting means, determines based on the emitting angle and the incident angle whether or not the subject is a subject for which the focus is adjusted, and adjusts the focus on the subject when determining that the subject is the subject for which the focus should be adjusted, thereby making it possible to accurately adjust the focus on the subject for which the focus should be adjusted.

Abstract: An apparatus for enciphering data by which enciphered digital information data with improved cipher strength are obtained by subjecting digital information data to enciphered process responding to random number data or pseudo-random number data produced in accordance with key data, and which comprises an enciphering portion 40 for subjecting an HD signal to enciphering process to produce an enciphered HD signal, a cipher producing portion 45 for producing, in response to key data, a cipher data from which random number data or pseudo-random number data are obtained to be supplied to the enciphering portion 40, a register 44 for supplying the cipher producing portion 45 with input data, and a line number data extracting portion 43 for extracting line number data from the HD signal to be supplied to the register 44 as initial data.

Abstract: An auto-focus apparatus, a focus adjusting method, an image capturing apparatus and an image capturing method make it possible to perform accurate focus adjustment on a subject for which the focus should be adjusted. The auto-focus apparatus emits an irradiation wave from emitting means for irradiation to a subject while changing an incident angle of the irradiation wave, detects an incident angle of a reflected wave of the irradiation wave reflected by the subject, incident on light receiving means positioned corresponding to the emitting means, determines based on the emitting angle and the incident angle whether or not the subject is a subject for which the focus is adjusted, and adjusts the focus on the subject when determining that the subject is the subject for which the focus should be adjusted, thereby making it possible to accurately adjust the focus on the subject for which the focus should be adjusted.

Abstract: An apparatus for recording information, which comprises a one-dimensional diode array (21) constituted with a plurality of laser diodes arranged in a line, a modulation control signal generator (23) for supplying the laser diodes constituting the one-dimensional diode array with modulation control signals based on information to be recorded, and an optical system (24) for causing laser light beams obtained from the one-dimensional diode array to be incident upon an optical tape (26), wherein said optical system is operative to focus the laser light beams which have been modulated in response to the modulation control signals and obtained from the one-dimensional diode array so that geometric optical images of the modulated light beams are reduced over the diffraction limit thereof on the optical tape.

Abstract: A method of enciphering data which is applicable to cipher-transmission of digital information data, in which the HD-SDI signal DHS is subjected to enciphering process using common key data DEY which is common to encipherment and decipherment to produce enciphered HD-SDI signal DHSE, the common key data DEY are subjected to enciphering process using open key data DOY to produce enciphered common key data DXY, and the enciphered HD-SDI signal DHSE accompanied with the enciphered common key data DXY are send to be transmitted, so that such a fear that the common key data DEY are eavesdropped on the transmission thereof can be effectively reduced.

Abstract: An apparatus for driving a tape-shaped optical recording medium, which comprises a supply reel (41) for supplying an optical tape (40), a take-up reel (42) for taking-up the optical tape (40), a friction capstan (43) for driving the optical tape (40) to run to the take-up reel (42) from the supply reel (41) and a running guide member (46) for guiding the optical tape (40) running between the supply reel (41) and the take-up reel (42). The running guide member (46) has a flat portion forming a guide face portion (70) for facing to the optical tape (40) is operative to cause the optical tape (40) to run along the flat portion. Thereby, an area on the guide face portion (70) of the running guide member (46) where an incident position on the optical tape (40) of a light beam is fixed invariably can be stably maintained to be relatively wide.

Abstract: A nonvolatile magnetic memory device having a nonvolatile magnetic memory array comprising write-in word line(s), bit lines and tunnel magnetoresistance devices, wherein when data is written into the tunnel magnetoresistance device, a current I(m)RWL is passed through the m-th-place write-in word line, a current g(0)·I(n)BL is passed through the n-th-place bit line, and at the same time, a current g(k)·I(n)BL is passed through the q-th-place bit line (q=n+k, k is ±1, ±2, . . . , and the total number of the lines is K), and a spatial FIR filter assuming magnetic fields, which are supposed to be formed in the n-th-place bit line and the bit lines that are K in number by the current I(n)BL, to be discrete pulse response and assuming the coefficients g(0) and g(k) to be tap-gains is constituted of the n-th-place bit line and the bit lines that are K in number.

Abstract: A method of transmitting data by which cipher-transmission of digital information data for which forbidden codes including timing identification codes are predetermined can be carried out with enciphered digital information data without containing undesirable forbidden code, in which digital information data contained in word sequence data which contain also time reference code data composed of the timing identification codes are subjected to enciphering process without producing the forbidden code to produce the enciphered digital information data which do not contain any forbidden code and then enciphered word sequence data are constituted with the enciphered digital information data and the time reference code data to be transmitted.

Abstract: The invention provides an optical space transmission apparatus which is applied for communication of information using a light beam which propagates in the space and can reduce the frequency of replacement of a light emitting element while the construction is simple. An information signal of an operation condition which relates to transmission of a communication light beam or reception of a reception light beam is communicated with another optical space transmission apparatus together with an information signal so that the transmission side apparatus can grasp a result of reception of the light beam by the reception side apparatus and send out the light beam with a suitable light amount.

Abstract: A light space-transmission device includes a light beam transmitting block for modulating a light beam with information signal and for transmitting the light beam, a first luminous-flux-diameter converting part for enlarging the luminous-flux-diameter of the light beam that is sent from the light beam transmitting block and for transmitting the light beam, a second luminous-flux-diameter converting part for enlarging the luminous-flux-diameter of the light beam that is sent from the first luminous-flux-diameter converting part and for transmitting the light beam. An optical-axis correcting portion is inserted into the optical path of the light beam between the first luminous-flux-diameter converting part, and the second luminous-flux-diameter converting part and controls the angle of the optical axis of the light beam thrown to the second luminous-flux-diameter converting part.

Abstract: A camera apparatus comprising a motor (9) and a driving circuit (10) for driving a focusing lens (2), a motor (11) and a driving circuit (12) for driving a zoom lens (3), a motor (13) and a driving circuit (14) for driving an iris (4), a CPU (16) having a memory (15), and gyroscopic sensors (20) and (21).