Abstract: In an apparatus, a gas containing CH4 and CO2 is supplied from a first supply unit to a synthetic gas production unit which generates a synthetic gas containing CO and H2 while heating a first catalytic structure; the synthetic gas is supplied to a gas production unit which generates a lower olefin-containing gas including propylene while heating a second catalytic structure; and a detection unit detects propylene discharged from the gas production unit. The first catalytic structure includes first supports having a porous structure and a first metal fine particle that is present in first channels of the first supports. The second catalyst structure includes second supports having a porous structure and a second metal fine particle in the second supports. The second supports have a second channels, a portion of which have an average inner diameter of 0.95 nm or less.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a processed body having a hydrophobic and water-repellent surface, and a processed body having a hydrophobic and water-repellent surface. The method includes: a step of contacting a member made of a crystalline or semicrystalline polymer with a solvent in a solvent-contacting region; and a step of taking the member contacted with the solvent out of the solvent-contacting region and drying the member.

Abstract: Provided is a functional structure which can suppress functional degradation of a functional material to achieve longer life, which can save resources without complicated replacement operations, and which, used for example as a catalyst, exhibits excellent catalytic activity. The functional structure includes supports each having a porous structure and including a zeolite-type compound, and at least one functional material present in the supports and including a metal element (M), in which each of the supports has channels communicating with one another, the functional material is present at least in the channel of each of the supports, and the metal element (M) having constituted the functional material is partially substituted with an element having constituted the supports.

Abstract: Provided is a synthesis gas production catalyst structure or the like which can maintain stable high catalytic activity for a long period of time without degradation and can allow efficient production of a synthesis gas including carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The synthesis gas production catalyst structure 1 for use in producing a synthesis gas comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen, the synthesis gas production catalyst structure 1 including: supports 10 each having a porous structure and including a zeolite-type compound; and at least one catalytic material 20 present in the supports 10, in which each of the supports 10 has channels 11 communicating with one another, each of the supports 10 has a ratio (L/d ratio) of long side dimension L to thickness dimension d of 5.0 or more, and the catalytic material 20 is present at least in the channel 11 of each of the supports 10.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for producing hydrocarbons including aromatic hydrocarbons and/or lower olefins including propylene from CO H2 while inhibiting reduction in catalyst activity and enhancing selectivity. The apparatus produces hydrocarbons including aromatic hydrocarbons having 6-10 carbon atoms and/or lower olefins including propylene, and is provided: a first supply unit which supplies a raw material gas containing CO and H2; and a hydrocarbon production unit to which the raw material gas is supplied from the first supply unit, and which produces the hydrocarbons from CO and H2 contained in the raw material gas while heating a catalyst structure at a temperature of 150° C. or more and less than 300° C. or at a temperature of 350° C. or more and less than 550° C.

Abstract: A functional structure which can resist a decrease in the functions of the functional material caused by influences such as force and heat and thus have a long life. The functional structure includes supports each having a porous structure and including a zeolite-type compound, and at least one functional material present in the supports, in which each of the supports has channels communicating with one another, the functional material is present at least in the channel of each of the supports, the functional material present in the supports includes a metal element (M), and the content of the metal element (M) is more than 2.5 mass % with respect to the functional structure.

Abstract: A functional structure which can resist a decrease in the function of the functional material and thus have a long life, can be free from the need for complicated replacement operation, can contribute to resource-saving, and can exhibit high catalytic activity when used, for example, as a catalyst. The functional structure includes supports each having porous structure and including a zeolite-type compound, and at least one functional substance present in the supports, in which each of the supports has channels communicating with one another, the functional material is present at least in the channel of each of the supports, and the supports have an average external size of 20 ?m or less.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for producing a lower olefin-containing gas including propylene from CH4 and CO2 via CO and H2 with high activity and high selectivity.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for producing hydrocarbons including aromatic hydrocarbons and lower olefins including propylene from CH4 and CO2 through CO and H2 with high activity and high selectivity.

Abstract: A catalyst structure that allows prevention of aggregation of fine particles of a functional material, suppresses decrease of catalyst activity, and thus enables the extension of the lifetime of the catalyst structure. A catalyst structure is provided with: a support that is formed from a zeolite-type compound and has a porous structure; and at least one functional material present in the support. The functional material includes a first element that is at least one metallic element selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, and iron. The support has paths connected to each other. The functional material including the first element is present in at least the paths of the support.

Abstract: A catalyst structure that allows prevention of aggregation of fine particles of a functional substance, suppresses decrease of catalyst activity, and thus enables extension of the lifetime of the catalyst structure. A catalyst structure has a carrier that is formed from a zeolite-type compound and has a porous structure. The functional substance includes a first element that is at least one metallic element selected from the group consisting of cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), and ruthenium (Ru), and at least one second element selected from the group consisting of metallic elements in group 1, group 2, group 4, group 7, and group 12 on the periodic table. The carrier has paths connected to each other. The functional substance is present in at least the paths of the carrier.

Abstract: A functional structure which can prevent metal fine particles from aggregating, can suppress bonding of an active metal species and a support, and can easily undergo catalyst activation before being used for reactions. The functional structure includes supports each having a porous structure and including a zeolite-type compound, and at least one functional material precursor present in the supports and including a metal element (M), in which each of the supports has channels communicating with one another, the functional material precursor is present at least in the channel of each of the supports, and the metal element (M) having constituted the functional material precursor is partially substituted with an element having constituted the supports.

Abstract: There is provided a CNTs wire capable of materializing a low resistivity and improving the electroconductivity. The CNT wire is formed from a single CNT aggregate constituted of a plurality of CNTs . . . having a single- or multi-walled structure, or formed by bundling a plurality of the CNT aggregates. The proportion of the total number of the CNTs having a double-walled or triple-walled structure based on the number of the plurality of CNTs constituting the CNT wire is 75% or higher; the proportion of the total number of the CNTs having an average diameter of the innermost wall of 1.7 nm or smaller based on the number of the CNTs constituting the CNT wire is 75% or higher; and the full-width at half maximum ?? in azimuth angle in azimuth intensity distribution by SAXS indicating orientation of the plurality of CNT aggregates is 60° or smaller.

Abstract: An optical signal receiver apparatus contains: a photoelectric conversion circuit for receiving an optical signal conveying cyclic timing information, and converting the optical signal into an electrical signal conveying the cyclic timing information; a receiving clock signal extraction circuit for extracting a receiving clock signal indicating the cyclic timing information, from the electrical signal; and a loss-of-clock digital-detection circuit for detecting absence of a change in a digital level of the receiving clock signal.