Abstract: An electrode according to an embodiment includes a support, and a catalyst layer including a sheet layer and a gap layer stacked, alternately on the support. The catalyst layer includes noble oxide and non-noble oxide. 4 [wt %] or more and 8 [wt %] or less of metal elements included in the catalyst layer is non-noble metal. An average thickness of the gap layer is 6 [nm] or more and 50 [nm] or less.

Abstract: An electrode according to an embodiment includes a support and a catalyst layer including a sheet layer and a gap layer stacked alternately. Cracks or/and holes exist in the catalyst layer.

Abstract: A detection device includes: an acquisition unit configured to acquire a detection result of a plurality of targets present in a traveling direction of a vehicle from an imaging device attached to the vehicle; a calculation unit configured to determine whether the plurality of targets detected with movement of the vehicle are an identical target based on the detection result acquired by the acquisition unit and calculate a coordinate of each of the plurality of targets in chronological order; and a detection unit configured to detect a pitch angle and a roll angle of the imaging device with respect to a horizontal direction based on the coordinate calculated in chronological order by the calculation unit.

Abstract: An electrochemical reaction device in an embodiment includes: a reaction unit including a first accommodation part to accommodate carbon dioxide and a second accommodation part to accommodate an electrolytic solution containing water; a reduction electrode to reduce the carbon dioxide; an oxidation electrode to oxidize the water; a power supply to pass current between the reduction electrode and the oxidation electrode; a pressure regulator to regulate a pressure in the first accommodation part; a reaction product detector to detect at least one of an amount and a kind of a substance produced at the reduction electrode; and a controller to control the pressure regulator based on a detection signal of the reaction product detector.

Abstract: An upstream integrated value is an integrated value of a difference obtained by subtracting an upstream gas temperature at a starting point in time of integration from the upstream gas temperature after starting of the internal combustion engine. A downstream integrated value is an integrated value of a difference obtained by subtracting a downstream gas temperature at the starting point in time of the integration from the downstream gas temperature after the starting of the internal combustion engine. An anomaly diagnosing process obtains an anomaly determination result indicating that the exhaust purification device is in a removed state when a deviation between the upstream integrated value and the downstream integrated value is smaller than a reference level. The determination threshold is higher than a dew point.

Abstract: A vehicle control device includes a recognizer that recognizes a situation around a host vehicle based on a detection result of an object detection device including a camera and an action plan generator that generates an action plan of the host vehicle based on a recognition result of the recognizer about a situation around the host vehicle. The action plan generator generates an action plan for, when it is predicted that the camera will be backlit while the host vehicle is traveling, avoiding that the camera is backlit at a prediction point and a prediction timing when it is predicted that the camera will be backlit.

Abstract: A detection device includes: an acquisition unit configured to acquire a detection result of a plurality of targets present in a traveling direction of a vehicle from an imaging device attached to the vehicle; a calculation unit configured to determine whether the plurality of targets detected with movement of the vehicle are an identical target based on the detection result acquired by the acquisition unit and calculate a coordinate of each of the plurality of targets in chronological order; and a detection unit configured to detect a pitch angle and a roll angle of the imaging device with respect to a horizontal direction based on the coordinate calculated in chronological order by the calculation unit.

Abstract: There is provided a vehicle control device including: a recognizer that recognizes a situation of the vicinity of a subject vehicle and an action plan generator that generates an action plan of the subject vehicle based on a result of the recognition of the vicinity of the subject vehicle acquired by the recognizer, in which the recognizer recognizes an inter-vehicle distance between the subject vehicle and another vehicle traveling in front of the subject vehicle, and the action plan generator generates an action plan for changing the inter-vehicle distance between the subject vehicle and the other vehicle based on the result of the recognition of the inter-vehicle distance.

Abstract: A force detector includes a support, fluid bags, a contact portion, a detector, and a computer. The contact portion is opposite to a side on which the fluid bags are in contact with the support and is adjacent to the fluid bags. The computer obtains information regarding the internal pressures of the fluid bags from the detector. Upon application of an external force to the contact portion from an object, the computer calculates a force acting in a tangential direction on a contact surface between the object and the contact portion based on a difference between the internal pressures of the fluid bags.

Abstract: A force detector includes a support, fluid bags, a contact portion, a detector, and a computer. The contact portion is opposite to a side on which the fluid bags are in contact with the support and is adjacent to the fluid bags. The computer obtains information regarding the internal pressures of the fluid bags from the detector. Upon application of an external force to the contact portion from an object, the computer calculates a force acting in a tangential direction on a contact surface between the object and the contact portion based on a difference between the internal pressures of the fluid bags.