Abstract: A charge-transporting layer includes a matrix-domain structure. The domain contains a polyester resin A. The matrix contains a charge-transporting substance and at least one of a polyester resin C and a polycarbonate resin D.

Abstract: A method produces a sugar liquid by adding a filamentous fungus-derived cellulase to a pretreated product of cellulose to obtain a hydrolysate; adding waste molasses to said hydrolysate to obtain a mixed sugar liquid; and subjecting said mixed sugar liquid to solid-liquid separation and filtering the obtained solution component through an ultrafiltration membrane, to recover the filamentous fungus-derived cellulase as a non-permeate and to obtain a sugar liquid as a permeate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a frequency band extending device and method, an encoding device and method, a decoding device and method, and a program, whereby music signals can be played with higher sound quality due to the extension of frequency bands. A bandpass filter 13 divides an input signal into multiple sub-band signals, a feature amount calculating circuit 14 calculates feature amount using at least one of the multiple divided sub-band signals and the input signal, a high frequency sub-band power estimating circuit 15 calculates an estimated value of a high frequency sub-band power based on the calculated feature amount, a high frequency signal generating circuit 16 generates a high frequency signal component based on the multiple sub-band signals divided by the bandpass filter 13, and the estimated value of the high frequency sub-band power calculated by the high frequency sub-band power estimating circuit 15.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an encoding device and method, and a decoding device and method, and a program which enable music signals to be played with higher sound quality by expanding a frequency band. A band pass filter divides an input signal into multiple subband signals, a feature amount calculating circuit calculates feature amount using at least any one of the divided multiple subband signals and the input signal, a high-frequency subband power estimating circuit calculates an estimated value of high-frequency subband power based on the calculated feature amount, and a high-frequency signal generating circuit generates a high-frequency signal component based on the multiple subband signals divided by the band pass filter and the estimated value of the high-frequency subband power calculated by the high-frequency subband power estimating circuit.

Abstract: A method of hydrolysis of cellulose uses a filamentous fungus-derived cellulase as a carbohydrase and includes adding the carbohydrase to cellulose to perform primary hydrolysis and then subjecting the primary hydrolysate to solid-liquid separation into a primary sugar liquid and solids; adding water to the solids and performing secondary hydrolysis, followed by subjecting the secondary hydrolysate to solid-liquid separation into a secondary sugar liquid and a residue; and filtering the primary sugar liquid and/or secondary sugar liquid through an ultrafiltration membrane, and recovering the carbohydrase from the feed side and recovering a sugar solution from the permeate side.

Abstract: Provided an electrophotographic image forming apparatus comprising an electrophotographic photosensitive member and a charging member. The electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a charge transport layer as a surface layer having a matrix-domain structure including specific resins. The charging member comprises an electro-conductive substrate, and an electro-conductive elastic layer. The electro-conductive elastic layer comprises a binder, and holding a bowl-shaped resin particle having an opening, so that at least a part of the bowl-shaped resin particle is exposed, and the charging member has a concavity derived from the opening of the bowl-shaped resin particle on the surface thereof, and a protrusion derived from an edge of the opening of the bowl-shaped resin particle on the surface thereof.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member, including a charge-transporting layer containing a charge-transporting substance, and containing, as resins, a polycarbonate resin A having specific structural units and a resin D having a specific structural unit, in which the charge-transporting layer has, in a matrix containing the charge-transporting substance and the resin D, domains each containing the polycarbonate resin A.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an acquiring section, a storing section, a total-calculating section, a determining section, and an image forming section. The acquiring section acquires, from each of one or more pre-designated target persons, a printing requirement notification indicating whether or not the target person requires printing, and further indicating a number of required copies when the target person requires printing. The storing section stores output target data. The total-calculating section calculates, based on one or more printing requirement notifications acquired by the acquiring section, a total number of required copies indicated by the printing requirement notifications. The determining section determines a final number of copies to be printed based on a calculation result of the total-calculating section. The image forming section prints an image based on the output target data in accordance with the final number of copies determined by the determining section.

Abstract: In order to further improve stress tolerance, a thermistor device includes a first base material member made of resin, a thermistor element including a thermistor thin film provided on a metal base material and first and second external electrodes provided on the thermistor thin film, and a first lead electrode and a second lead electrode provided on a principal surface of the first base material member, and connected to the first external electrode and the second external electrode. Each of the metal base material and the thermistor thin film undergoes a deflection between the first external electrode and the second external electrode.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a switch with which heat resistance and cold resistance can both be increased inexpensively. This switch comprises a bearing member, a shaft, a manipulation member, and a switch main body. The shaft is slidably supported by the bearing member. The manipulation member is linked to the shaft. The switch main body switches a contact according to displacement of the shaft. The shaft or the bearing member includes a sliding face having a groove.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a surface layer including a particular charge-transporting substance and a particular polyester resin having a particular repeating structural unit. The content of the particular repeating structural unit is 30% by mass or more based on the total mass of the polyester resin included in the surface layer.

Abstract: The performance of a semiconductor device is improved by preventing 1/f noise from being generated in a peripheral transistor, in the case where the occupation area of photodiodes, which are included in each of a plurality of pixels that form an image pickup device, is expanded. In the semiconductor device, the gate electrode of an amplification transistor is formed by both a gate electrode part over an active region and a large width part that covers the boundary between the active region and an element isolation region and the active region near the boundary and that. has a gate length larger than that of the gate electrode part.

Abstract: A sheet manufacturing apparatus is provided with a defibrating unit configured to defibrate a defibration object in the atmosphere, a mixing unit configured to mix additive agents including resin into a defibrated material, a moisture-adjusting unit configured to adjust moisture in a mixture of the defibrated material and the additive agents, and a heating unit configured to heat the moisture-adjusted mixture.

Abstract: The stationary vane unit of a rotary machine includes: a first band member that extends in the circumferential direction and comes into contact with the outer shrouds of the plurality of stationary vane members from one side thereof in the main axial direction in which a central axis extends; a second band member that extends in the circumferential direction and comes into contact with the outer shrouds of the plurality of stationary vane members from the other side thereof in the main axial direction; and a fastening member that fastens the first band member and the second band member to each other so that the outer shrouds of the plurality of stationary vane members are connected to each other.

Abstract: A circuit board structure and a manufacturing method for a circuit board that ensures an electrical connection between a metal foil and a projection without using a conductive adhesive and is less likely to cause a decrease in the reliability of the connection due to the interlayer separation or the like is provided. A circuit board includes an insulating layer, a lower main surface wiring pattern and an upper main surface wiring pattern disposed on either side of the insulating layer, and an interlayer connection conductor passing through the insulating layer in a thickness direction and electrically connecting to the lower main surface wiring pattern and the upper main surface wiring pattern. The interlayer connection conductor is formed integrally with the lower main surface wiring pattern, and is bonded to the upper main surface wiring pattern via an intermetallic compound.

Abstract: The present technique relates to a frequency band extension apparatus, a frequency band extension method, and a program which are configured to more easily obtain a high quality sound signal. An input signal may be divided into sub-band signals of a plurality of sub-bands, powers of high frequency sub-bands of the input signal may be estimated based on feature values extracted from the input signal to obtain high frequency sub-band power estimation values, the high frequency sub-band powers obtained from the sub-band signals of high-frequency sub-bands of the input signal may be compared with the high frequency sub-band power estimation values, and a high-frequency signal of the input signal may be generated based on a result of the comparison and the sub-band signals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a control device, a control method, and a program capable of improving operability with a simpler configuration. A reproducing apparatus 11 which reproduces sound such as music includes earphones 21 which are worn by a user on the ears and a body 22. A sound pickup unit 31 collects sounds around the reproducing apparatus 11, and a determination unit 34 extracts future amounts from the collected sound and determines whether the sound corresponds to an operation sound generated when the sound pickup unit 31 is directly tapped by the user. A controller 35 executes a process in accordance with a result of the determination performed by the determination unit 34. For example, when a sound pickup unit 31-1 is tapped once within a predetermined period of time, the controller 35 instructs a reproduction controller 39 to stop reproduction of music.

Abstract: Provided is an image forming apparatus having a frequency-of-use measuring unit, a power cutoff period identifying unit, a document data processing unit, and a power management unit. The frequency-of-use measuring unit measures a frequency of use of a predetermined function. The power cutoff period identifying unit identifies a power cutoff period for turning off the power on the basis of the frequency of use. The document data processing unit prints document data accumulated in a document box prior to the power cutoff period. The power management unit turns off the power when the power cutoff period is reached.

Abstract: A charge-transporting layer of an electrophotographic photosensitive member has a matrix-domain structure having a domain which comprises at least one resin selected from the group consisting of a resin A1 a resin A2 and a specific silicone oil, and a matrix which comprises resin C and a charge-transporting substance, wherein a content of the structural unit represented by the formula (A-1) and the structural unit represented by the formula (A-2) is from 10% by mass to 40% by mass based on the total mass of the resin A1 and the resin A2.

Abstract: The present invention improves the performance of an image sensor. In a planar view, fluorine is introduced into a part overlapping with a channel region in a gate electrode GE1 of an amplification transistor and is not introduced into the interior of a semiconductor substrate 1S. Concretely as shown in FIG. 20, a resist film FR1 is patterned in the manner of opening the part planarly overlapping with the channel region in the gate electrode GE1. Then fluorine is injected into the interior of the gate electrode GE1 exposed from an opening OP1 by an ion implantation method using the resist film FR1 in which the opening OP1 is formed as a mask.