Abstract: A polarization modulation element includes N twisted nematic liquid crystal cells (where N is an integer of 3 or greater) for which a twist direction is identical. A sum of a twist angle of each of the twisted nematic liquid crystal cells is 90°. In at least one of the twisted nematic liquid crystal cells that are adjacent, the alignment axis direction of the light emitting-side substrate and the alignment axis direction of the light incident-side substrate are orthogonal to each other. In the other twisted nematic liquid crystal cells that are adjacent, the alignment axis direction of the light emitting-side substrate and the alignment axis direction of the light incident-side substrate match.

Abstract: A display device includes an image display, a first lens element, and a second lens element. The image display includes a plurality of pixels, and displays parallax images corresponding to each of N1 viewpoints (where N1 is an integer of 2 or greater) along a predetermined direction and parallax images corresponding to each of N2 viewpoints (where N2 is an integer greater than N1) along the predetermined direction. When the parallax images corresponding to each of the N1 viewpoints are displayed on the image display, the first lens element divides light emitted from the plurality of pixels among the N1 viewpoints. When the parallax images corresponding to each of the N2 viewpoints are displayed on the image display 10, the second lens element divides light emitted from the plurality of pixels among each of the N2 viewpoints.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first liquid crystal display panel including a first light-transmitting substrate (thickness T2?0.3 mm), a substrate, a first liquid crystal, a first polarizing plate having a second main surface that is adhered to the first light-transmitting substrate; an adhering layer provided on a first main surface of the first polarizing plate; and a second light-transmitting substrate (thickness T3?0.3 mm) adhered to the first main surface by the adhering layer (thickness T1?0.15 mm). An adhesion parameter ? is 1.04 or less when a maximum height of an unevenness of the first main surface 0.0005 mm or less, and the adhesion parameter ? is 0.43 or less when the maximum height of the unevenness of the first main surface is greater than 0.0005 mm and 0.001 mm or less.

Abstract: A liquid crystal light deflection apparatus includes a first substrate including a first electrode, a second substrate including a second electrode, and liquid crystals sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate. A high-resistivity layer is provided on at least one of the first electrode or the second electrode. The high-resistivity layer is covered sequentially by a first barrier layer formed from metal oxide and a second barrier layer formed from metal nitride or metal carbide.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first liquid crystal display panel including a first light-transmitting substrate (thickness T2?0.3 mm), a substrate, a first liquid crystal, a first polarizing plate having a second main surface that is adhered to the first light-transmitting substrate; an adhering layer provided on a first main surface of the first polarizing plate; and a second light-transmitting substrate (thickness T3?0.3 mm) adhered to the first main surface by the adhering layer (thickness T1?0.15 mm). An adhesion parameter ? is 1.04 or less when a maximum height of an unevenness of the first main surface 0.0005 mm or less, and the adhesion parameter ? is 0.43 or less when the maximum height of the unevenness of the first main surface is greater than 0.0005 mm and 0.001 mm or less.

Abstract: A liquid crystal light deflection apparatus includes a first substrate including a first electrode, a second substrate including a second electrode, and liquid crystals sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate. A high-resistivity layer is provided on at least one of the first electrode or the second electrode. The high-resistivity layer is covered sequentially by a first barrier layer formed from metal oxide and a second barrier layer formed from metal nitride or metal carbide.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel including a plurality of pixels arrayed along first and second directions, a distribution unit that distributes light emitted from each pixel configured to display a parallax image corresponding to each of a plurality of viewpoints, and a light blocking unit between the display panel and the distribution unit. The distribution unit distributes light emitted from each of the pixels to the plurality of viewpoints along the first direction in a first display state where the display panel displays a parallax image, or stops distributing emitted light in a second display state, displaying a planar image. The light blocking unit forms, along the first direction, a plurality of first light blocking areas each extending along the second direction blocking some emitted light in the first display state, and stops forming the first light blocking areas in the second display state.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display device configured to display an original image at an original image display position, a second array of a lens array or a pinhole array, and a first array of a lens array or a pinhole array disposed distant from the display device and the second array between the display device and the second array. The first array is configured to form a plurality of elemental images generated from the original image at positions between the first array and the second array. The pitch of the plurality of elemental images is different from lens pitch or pinhole pitch of the second array. The second array is configured to integrate the plurality of elemental images to generate a single reproduced image of the original image.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel including a plurality of pixels arrayed along first and second directions, a distribution unit that distributes light emitted from each pixel configured to display a parallax image corresponding to each of a plurality of viewpoints, and a light blocking unit between the display panel and the distribution unit. The distribution unit distributes light emitted from each of the pixels to the plurality of viewpoints along the first direction in a first display state where the display panel displays a parallax image, or stops distributing emitted light in a second display state, displaying a planar image. The light blocking unit forms, along the first direction, a plurality of first light blocking areas each extending along the second direction blocking some emitted light in the first display state, and stops forming the first light blocking areas in the second display state.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel including a plurality of pixels arrayed along first and second directions, a distribution unit that distributes light emitted from each pixel configured to display a parallax image corresponding to each of a plurality of viewpoints, and a light blocking unit between the display panel and the distribution unit. The distribution unit distributes light emitted from each of the pixels to the plurality of viewpoints along the first direction in a first display state where the display panel displays a parallax image, or stops distributing emitted light in a second display state, displaying a planar image. The light blocking unit forms, along the first direction, a plurality of first light blocking areas each extending along the second direction blocking some emitted light in the first display state, and stops forming the first light blocking areas in the second display state.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display device configured to display an original image at an original image display position, a second array of a lens array or a pinhole array, and a first array of a lens array or a pinhole array disposed distant from the display device and the second array between the display device and the second array. The first array is configured to form a plurality of elemental images generated from the original image at positions between the first array and the second array. The pitch of the plurality of elemental images is different from lens pitch or pinhole pitch of the second array. The second array is configured to integrate the plurality of elemental images to generate a single reproduced image of the original image.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel including a plurality of pixels arrayed along first and second directions, a distribution unit that distributes light emitted from each pixel configured to display a parallax image corresponding to each of a plurality of viewpoints, and a light blocking unit between the display panel and the distribution unit. The distribution unit distributes light emitted from each of the pixels to the plurality of viewpoints along the first direction in a first display state where the display panel displays a parallax image, or stops distributing emitted light in a second display state, displaying a planar image. The light blocking unit forms, along the first direction, a plurality of first light blocking areas each extending along the second direction blocking some emitted light in the first display state, and stops forming the first light blocking areas in the second display state.