Abstract: A lubricant is obtained by mixing at least one compound selected from specific fluorine-based diester dicarboxylic acid compounds having has two carboxyl groups, two ester bonds, terminal groups each of which is an alkyl group or an alkenyl group, and one fluoroether or one fluoropolyether chain with at least one compound selected from specific fluorine-based diester compounds having two ester bonds, two terminal groups each of which is an alkyl group or an alkenyl group, one fluoroether or one fluoropolyether chain and specific fluorine-based monoester compounds one ester bond, one terminal group that is an alkyl group or an alkenyl group, and one terminal group that is a fluoroalkyl group, a fluoroether group or a fluoropolyether group, and preferably a specific fluorine-based amino-alcohol compound, and this lubricant is used to form a lubricant layer of a magnetic recording medium.

Abstract: A lubricant is obtained by mixing at least one compound selected from specific fluorine-based diester dicarboxylic acid compounds having has two carboxyl groups, two ester bonds, terminal groups each of which is an alkyl group or an alkenyl group, and one fluoroether or one fluoropolyether chain with at least one compound selected from specific fluorine-based diester compounds having two ester bonds, two terminal groups each of which is an alkyl group or an alkenyl group, one fluoroether or one fluoropolyether chain and specific fluorine-based monoester compounds one ester bond, one terminal group that is an alkyl group or an alkenyl group, and one terminal group that is a fluoroalkyl group, a fluoroether group or a fluoropolyether group, and preferably a specific fluorine-based amino-alcohol compound, and this lubricant is used to form a lubricant layer of a magnetic recording medium.

Abstract: A lubricant composition having excellent lubricity and comprising at least one compound selected among fluorine compounds each having a perfluoroalkyl or perfluoroether group and an alkyl or alkenyl group in the molecule and at least one compound selected among fluorine compounds each having a perfluoropolyether group in the molecule; and a magnetic recording medium excellent in running durability and still durability and comprising a nonmagnetic substrate (1) and, formed thereon in this order, a ferromagnetic thin metal film (2), a carbon film (3), and a lubricant layer (4), wherein the lubricant layer (4) contains the lubricant composition.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium comprising a non-magnetic substrate, a ferromagnetic thin film on the non-magnetic substrate, a hard carbon film on the ferromagnetic thin film, a modified layer of which atomic ratio of nitrogen/carbon is 0.8% or more, and of which thickness is less than 3 nm on the hard carbon film, and a lubricant layer on the modified layer, has excellent electromagnetic conversion characteristic, running stability, durability, and weatherability.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing carboxylic acid amine salt of Formula A below: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 denotes an aliphatic alkyl group or an aliphatic alkenyl group with 6 to 30 carbons; R.sup.2 denotes a group selected from the group consisting of a fluoroalkyl group with 3 to 30 carbons, a fluoroalkenyl group with 3 to 30 carbons, a fluorophenyl group with 6 to 18 carbons, and a fluoroalkylether group with 5 to 50 carbons; R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each denotes a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain with 1 to 20 carbons; R.sup.5 denotes either a fluoroalkyl group with 3 to 30 carbons or a fluoroalkenyl group with 3 to 30 carbons; n denotes 0 or 1; X denotes hydrogen or -(R.sup.6) -R.sup.7 ; and Y denotes hydrogen or -(R.sup.8) -R.sup.9, where R.sup.6 and R.sup.8 each denotes a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain with 1 to 20 carbons, and R.sup.7 and R.sup.9 each denotes a fluoroalkyl group with 3 to 30 carbons or a fluoroalkenyl group with 3 to 30 carbons.

Abstract: A magnetic recording media comprising a non-magnetic substrate, a ferromagnetic thin film on the non-magnetic substrate, a hard carbon film on the ferromagnetic thin film, a modified layer of which atomic ratio of nitrogen/carbon is 0.8% or more, and of which thickness is less than 3 nm on the hard carbon film, and a lubricant layer on the modified layer, has excellent electromagnetic conversion characteristic, running stability, durability, and weatherability.

Abstract: A fluorine containing diester of an alkyl- or alkenylsuccinic acid having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents an alkyl or alkenyl group, at least one of R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is a fluoroalkyl or fluoroalkenyl group, the remaining of R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is an alkyl or alkenyl group, k, l, m and n are 0 or an integer not less than 1, respectively, and k+l are an integer of not less than 2, which provides an excellent lubricating property under any environment from low humidity to high humidity, and is particularly suitable for use in a magnetic recording medium.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium comprising: a non-magnetic substrate; a ferromagnetic metal thin film provided on the non-magnetic substrate; a filmlike first carbon layer provided on the ferromagnetic metal thin film; and a hard and amorphous second carbon layer provided on the first carbon layer; the first and second carbon layers having first and second Raman spectra based on Raman spectrophotometry, respectively; assuming that when each of the first and second Raman spectra is decomposed into a first band of Gaussian function having a peak in the vicinity of 1380 cm.sup.-1 and a second band of Gaussian function having a peak in the vicinity of 1550 cm.sup.-1 in X-Y rectangular coordinates with an X-axis expressed in cm.sup.

Abstract: A method of forming a film on a substrate by plasma CVD, comprising the steps of: providing a discharge tube in a vacuum chamber; providing a partition wall around the discharge tube; evacuating space between the discharge tube and the partition wall to vacuum; providing the substrate at a position confronting the discharge tube; and effecting plasma discharge in the discharge tube.