Abstract: Alkyl glycoside aqueous solutions, which satisfy the following conditions (a) and/or (b):(a) the solution is maintained at a pH value exceeding 7, and(b) the solution contains a water-soluble alcohol, are highly stable with respect to microbial activities, such as putrefaction and fungal growth, and are useful as surface active agents.

Abstract: To provide a sulfonate represented by the following general formula (1A) which is useful as an organic peracid precursor in bleach compositions for domestic use, a process for producing it, and a bleach composition having no irritative smell, high bleaching power and excellent persistence of the bleaching power during the use: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, etc., R.sup.2 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a phenylene group, etc., R.sup.3 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R.sup.4 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, p is 0 or 1, A represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, n is 1 to 100, and Ma represents an alkali metal atom. etc.

Abstract: A working fluid composition for use in a refrigeration system which comprises a refrigerating oil comprising a compound having one or more ketone groups in the molecular structure as a base oil and a hydrofluorocarbon.

Abstract: A working fluid composition for use in a refrigeration system which comprises a refrigerating oil comprising a compound having one or more ketone groups in the molecular structure as a base oil and a hydrofluorocarbon.

Abstract: A toner for development of an electrostatically charged image which comprises at least a binder, a colorant and a compound having the formula (I) or (III): ##STR1## wherein A represents a phenol group-containing compound residue,B represents a group of the general formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.4 each represent a methylene or ethylene group,R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each represent an alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, aralkyl or cyclic alkyl group or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 may be combined to form a ring,R.sub.5 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an arylene group, preferably phenylene,R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 each represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, aryl, aminoalkyl, aralkyl or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 may be combined to form a ring,p represents a number of 1 to 200,n.sub.1 and q each is zero or 1, r is zero or an integer of 1 to 3 and n.sub.2 is an integer of 1 to 3 or zero in the formula (I) and a number of 1 to 400 in the formula (III).

Abstract: A secondary amine is effectively prepared by reacting an alcohol or an aldehyde with a primary amine in the presence of a catalyst of copper, nickel and a metal element belonging to the platinum group VIII at a pressure of the atmospheric pressure to 5 kg/cm.sup.2 G at a temperature of 150.degree. to 250.degree. C., while water produced in the reaction is being removed out, and separating the resulting secondary amine from the product mixture.

Abstract: A tertiary amine is effectively prepared by reacting a primary or secondary amine with formaldehyde in the presence of a palladium or platinum catalyst at a hydrogen pressure of 3 to 50 kg/cm2 (gauge pressure) at a temperature of 80.degree. to 180.degree. C., by controlling the addition of formaldehyde to the starting amine.

Abstract: A polyurethane is prepared with use of a catalyst comprising a compound having the formula: ##STR1## in which n is an integer of 2 to 12, A is a hydrogen or a group of --CH.sub.2 CHRCH.sub.2 NH.sub.2 and R is hdyrogen or methyl, provided that n is 6 when A is hydrogen. The compound scarcely smells and does not elute out of the polyurethane article. The process is easy to control.

Abstract: A tertiary amine of a high purity is prepared from an alcohol or an aldehyde and a primary or second amine at a low temperature, using a catalyst of copper, nickel and an element belonging to the VIII platinum group such as platinum, palladium, ruthenium and rhodium, while removing out water formed by the reaction.

Abstract: A film-forming liquid resin dispersion is prepared by dispersing a surface active polyester in a collidal form in water or an aqueous solution containing a small amount of a base and grafting a vinyl compound monomer and/or an acrylic or methacrylic acid ester monomer to the surface active polyester.

Abstract: An oil-in-water emulsion of a vinyl polymer is prepared by emulsion polymerizing a vinyl monomer in the presence of a polyester having a surface active property.

Abstract: A liquid resinous composition is prepared by reacting a dibasic acid component containing .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated basic acid with a glycol component to form an unsaturated polyester having an acid value of at least 10 and a molecular weight of 1,000 to 10,000, mixing the polyester with a basic substance to neutralize unreacted carboxyl groups and then subjecting the resulting water solubilized unsaturated polyester to addition reaction with a monovinyl compound. The composition is suited for adhesive, coating, printing ink, and binder.