Abstract: An ECU is applied to a hybrid vehicle that is equipped with an internal combustion engine and a second motor-generator, which are configured to output a driving force for running. The hybrid vehicle is configured to run with the internal combustion engine in intermittent operation. Also, the ECU is configured to calculate an amount of dilution water that is mixed into oil in the internal combustion engine to dilute the oil. The ECU is configured to operate the internal combustion engine when the amount of the dilution water becomes larger than a first threshold.

Abstract: A cylinder head includes a pair of side walls extending along a cylinder arrangement direction, a connection wall that is provided between the pair of side walls and connects both of the side walls with each other, a bearing part provided in the connection wall, an intake port that is open in one side wall out of the pair of side walls, and an exhaust port that is open in the other side wall. The other side wall is provided with a protrusion part that projects from the other side wall, extends along the cylinder arrangement direction, and has a confronting surface that faces an exhaust pipe connected with the other side wall.

Abstract: An ECU is applied to a hybrid vehicle that is equipped with an internal combustion engine and a second motor-generator, which are configured to output a driving force for running. The hybrid vehicle is configured to run with the internal combustion engine in intermittent operation. Also, the ECU is configured to calculate an amount of dilution water that is mixed into oil in the internal combustion engine to dilute the oil. The ECU is configured to operate the internal combustion engine when the amount of the dilution water becomes larger than a first threshold.

Abstract: A cylinder head includes a pair of side walls extending along a cylinder arrangement direction, a connection wall that is provided between the pair of side walls and connects both of the side walls with each other, a bearing part provided in the connection wall, an intake port that is open in one side wall out of the pair of side walls, and an exhaust port that is open in the other side wall. The other side wall is provided with a protrusion part that projects from the other side wall, extends along the cylinder arrangement direction, and has a confronting surface that faces an exhaust pipe connected with the other side wall.

Abstract: A cylinder liner has an upper portion and a lower portion with respect to an axial direction of the cylinder liner. A high thermal conductive film is provided on an outer circumferential surface of the upper portion. A low thermal conductive film is provided on an outer circumferential surface of the lower portion. The cylinder liner reduces temperature difference of a cylinder along its axial direction.

Abstract: A cylinder liner for insert casting used in a cylinder block is provided. The cylinder liner includes an outer circumferential surface having a plurality of projections. Each projection has a constricted shape. A film of a metal material is formed on the outer circumferential surface and the surfaces of the projections. As a result, the cylinder liner ensures sufficient bond strength with the casting material of a cylinder block, and sufficient thermal conductivity with the cylinder block.

Abstract: A cylinder liner has an outer circumferential surface on which a film is formed. The film functions to form gaps between the cylinder block and the cylinder liner. Alternatively, the film functions to reduce adhesion of the cylinder liner to the cylinder block. The cylinder liner suppresses excessive decreases in the temperature of a cylinder.

Abstract: A cylinder liner has an upper portion and a lower portion with respect to an axial direction of the cylinder liner. A high thermal conductive film is provided on an outer circumferential surface of the upper portion. A low thermal conductive film is provided on an outer circumferential surface of the lower portion. The cylinder liner reduces temperature difference of a cylinder along its axial direction.

Abstract: A cylinder liner has an outer circumferential surface on which a film is formed. The film functions to form gaps between the cylinder block and the cylinder liner. Alternatively, the film functions to reduce adhesion of the cylinder liner to the cylinder block. The cylinder liner suppresses excessive decreases in the temperature of a cylinder.

Abstract: A cylinder liner for insert casting used in a cylinder block is provided. The cylinder liner includes an outer circumferential surface having a plurality of projections. Each projection has a constricted shape. A film of a metal material is formed on the outer circumferential surface and the surfaces of the projections. As a result, the cylinder liner ensures sufficient bond strength with the casting material of a cylinder block, and sufficient thermal conductivity with the cylinder block.

Abstract: A quartz glass substrate for polysilicon thin film transistor liquid crystal display, in which a halogen content is not more than 10 ppm; an OH content is not more than 100 ppm; a total content of a heavy metal element and an alkali metal element is not more than 1 ppm; and an annealing point is not less than 1,150.degree. C.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing amorphous silicon nitride, wherein silicon halide and ammonia are reacted in a reaction vessel at a high temperature in the absence of oxygen to thereby synthesize powder of amorphous silicon nitride, then the powder is separated from a gas containing therein gaseous ammonia halide which has been produced simultaneously with said amorphous silicon nitride by use of a collecting means, comprises directly mixing, in advance of the separation, cool gas containing therein neither oxygen nor moisture into said gas to cool down said powder and gas so that both substances may be put in said collecting means without deposition of ammonium halide to the inner wall of the reaction vessel, and other component parts.