Abstract: In a micro-lens array substrate (12) that includes first and second micro-lens arrays (6, 7) respectively having a plurality of lenses, the first micro-lens array (6) is sandwiched between two inorganic dielectric substrates (21, 24), and the second micro-lens array (7) is formed on one of the two inorganic dielectric substrates (21, 24).

Abstract: A position of a first module (12a) with respect to an optical fiber (11) is determined in accordance with a receiving efficiency at the first module (12a) with respect to light emitted from the optical fiber (11). Power of light coupled into the optical fiber (11) from the first module (12a) is set in accordance with a value of a far-end reflectivity on a side of the first module (12a) in the position so as to satisfy a predetermined formula. By giving priority to determining a condition that significantly influences an improvement of an eye opening ratio, it is possible to manufacture an optical communication system at a low cost and with more freedom in manufacturing. Thus provided is a method of manufacturing an optical communication system, the method allowing for manufacturing an optical communication system at a low cost and with more freedom in manufacturing.

Abstract: An optical component according to the present invention comprises a substrate, and at least one optical element obtained by processing at least one thick optical film provided on the substrate. The optical component has a plurality of surfaces substantially not parallel to a surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A holographic recording/reproducing apparatus controls a position and an area size of a signal light and/or a reference light in a holographic recording medium by a spatial light amplitude modulator. Thus, the holographic recording/reproducing apparatus can set the position and the area size of the signal light and/or the reference light arbitrarily by using a spatial light amplitude modulator of high resolution as the spatial light amplitude modulator. Further, by controlling the position of the reference light by the spatial light amplitude modulator, the holographic recording/reproducing apparatus can change the incident angle on the holographic recording medium. Angle multiplex recording can thus be realized.

Abstract: An optical pickup can be provided, the optical pickup being capable of recording and playback of a plurality of optical disks having different specs by using light beams of different wavelengths, and further being suitable for integrating the semiconductor lasers and light receiving elements into a single package, by including: first and second semiconductor lasers adjacently disposed; a three-beam diffraction grating for generating three beams for tracking control; a second hologram element for diffracting light of the second semiconductor laser to guide it to a photosensor; a complex polarization beam splitter (PBS) for reflecting only light from the first semiconductor laser; and a first hologram element for diffracting light of the first semiconductor laser to guide it to the photosensor.

Abstract: A lightweight, highly reliable optical pickup including a singlet objective lens is offered by correcting coma aberrations which adversely affect properties of the objective lens having an increased NA. A convergent optical system is composed of a singlet objective lens with a NA of 0.75 or more and includes an aberration-correcting optical system which corrects coma aberrations due to an inclination or shift of central axes of both surfaces of the objective lens or an inclination of the objective lens or the optical storage medium to an optical axis of the optical pickup.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a microlens array and a projection-type liquid crystal display apparatus which can increase the efficiency of use of light, facilitate a method of manufacturing a microlens array and reduce the cost of equipment. By an operation of only irradiating a first lens with parallel light which has an intensity distribution corresponding to the shape of a second lens and irradiating an ultraviolet curing resin layer with transmission light, the first and second lenses are placed with a high alignment accuracy in a mutual positional relation thereof. By irradiating the first lens with the parallel light, it becomes possible to uniformly expose a broad area, and it becomes possible to expose by the wafer.

Abstract: An optical communication module including: an emission member for emitting a transmission light beam; and a connection member for detachably connecting an optical fiber for external communication with the emission member, the connection member including a tubular accommodation part for coaxially receiving and fixing an end of the optical fiber to be connected, wherein the emission member and the connection member are arranged such that the transmission light beam intersects with an optical axis of the optical fiber at a predetermined angle to enter an end face of the optical fiber when the optical fiber is connected and the transmission light beam collides with an inner wall of the accommodation part when the optical fiber is detached.

Abstract: An optical pickup device which includes (A) a light source, and (B) an objective lens and an aberration correcting optical system which are located in a light path from the light source to an optical recording medium is so arranged that the aberration correcting optical system imparts a phase distribution to luminous flux which transmits the aberration correcting optical system, so as to correct a predetermined aberration; and an amount of phase of the aberration correcting optical system when correcting the aberration is set in such a manner that the aberration correcting optical system imparts a larger amount of phase at a position farther from a point where the aberration correcting optical system crosses an optical axis of light emitted from the light source. With this, it is possible to increase a tolerance for the center misalignment of the objective lens so as to reduce aberration caused by the center misalignment.

Abstract: In a micro-lens array substrate (12) that includes first and second micro-lens arrays (6, 7) respectively having a plurality of lenses, the first micro-lens array (6) is sandwiched between two inorganic dielectric substrates (21, 24), and the second micro-lens array (7) is formed on one of the two inorganic dielectric substrates (21, 24).

Abstract: An optical pickup can be provided, the optical pickup being capable of recording and playback of a plurality of optical disks having different specs by using light beams of different wavelengths, and further being suitable for integrating the semiconductor lasers and light receiving elements into a single package, by including: first and second semiconductor lasers adjacently disposed; a three-beam diffraction grating for generating three beams for tracking control; a second hologram element for diffracting light of the second semiconductor laser to guide it to a photosensor; a complex polarization beam splitter (PBS) for reflecting only light from the first semiconductor laser; and a first hologram element for diffracting light of the first semiconductor laser to guide it to the photosensor.

Abstract: An optical pickup can be provided, the optical pickup being capable of recording and playback of a plurality of optical disks having different specs by using light beams of different wavelengths, and further being suitable for integrating the semiconductor lasers and light receiving elements into a single package, by including: first and second semiconductor lasers adjacently disposed; a three-beam diffraction grating for generating three beams for tracking control; a second hologram element for diffracting light of the second semiconductor laser to guide it to a photosensor; a complex polarization beam splitter (PBS) for reflecting only light from the first semiconductor laser; and a first hologram element for diffracting light of the first semiconductor laser to guide it to the photosensor.

Abstract: A position of a first module (12a) with respect to an optical fiber (11) is determined in accordance with a receiving efficiency at the first module (12a) with respect to light emitted from the optical fiber (11). Power of light coupled into the optical fiber (11) from the first module (12a) is set in accordance with a value of a far-end reflectivity on a side of the first module (12a) in the position so as to satisfy a predetermined formula. By giving priority to determining a condition that significantly influences an improvement of an eye opening ratio, it is possible to manufacture an optical communication system at a low cost and with more freedom in manufacturing. Thus provided is a method of manufacturing an optical communication system, the method allowing for manufacturing an optical communication system at a low cost and with more freedom in manufacturing.

Abstract: An exposing apparatus for a microlens array allows for easy alignment and attains high accuracy. An exposing method for a microlens array attains high accuracy and high light efficiency. The exposing apparatus for a microlens array includes a micro fly-eye lens for converting a light beam from a light source into a secondary point light source, a transmittance distribution mask for adjusting the luminance of the light of the secondary point light source, and a collimator lens for converting the light of adjusted luminance into a parallel light beam and for guiding the parallel light beam, via a first microlens array which is formed in advance, to a photosensitive resin layer to be a second microlens array. The light emitted from the light source is transmitted through the micro fly-eye lens, the transmittance distribution mask, and the collimator lens. The light is then adjusted to a desired luminance to expose the photosensitive resin of a microlens substrate.

Abstract: An optical pickup device which includes (A) a light source, and (B) an objective lens and an aberration correcting optical system which are located in a light path from the light source to an optical recording medium is so arranged that the aberration correcting optical system imparts a phase distribution to luminous flux which transmits the aberration correcting optical system, so as to correct a predetermined aberration; and an amount of phase of the aberration correcting optical system when correcting the aberration is set in such a manner that the aberration correcting optical system imparts a larger amount of phase at a position farther from a point where the aberration correcting optical system crosses an optical axis of light emitted from the light source. With this, it is possible to increase a tolerance for the center misalignment of the objective lens so as to reduce aberration caused by the center misalignment.

Abstract: An objective lens is a single-lens objective lens both surfaces of which are aspherical. The objective lens has a numerical aperture not less than 0.75, and is made of glass satisfying 1.75<n, and 35<v, where n is a refractive index of the glass for at least one of used wavelengths, and v is an Abbe number for a d-lay. With this arrangement, it becomes possible to provide an objective lens which is downsized, has less aberration, and corrects the aberration easily, without a decline in light utilization efficiency; a method for correcting a manufacturing error thereof; and an optical pick-up device using the objective lens.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a microlens array and a projection-type liquid crystal display apparatus which can increase the efficiency of use of light, facilitate a method of manufacturing a microlens array and reduce the cost of equipment. By an operation of only irradiating a first lens with parallel light which has an intensity distribution corresponding to the shape of a second lens and irradiating an ultraviolet curing resin layer with transmission light, the first and second lenses are placed with a high alignment accuracy in a mutual positional relation thereof. By irradiating the first lens with the parallel light, it becomes possible to uniformly expose a broad area, and it becomes possible to expose by the wafer.

Abstract: An objective lens is made up of a light-source-side lens and a medium-side lens wherein at least either one of rim portions of respective opposing surfaces of the light-source-side lens and the medium-side lens forms a rise-up section projected towards the other lens, the rim portion which forms the rise-up section and the rim portion of the other lens at least partially contact one another, and these two lens are fixed together by an adhesive resin layer formed in a spacing between the respective rim portions. With the foregoing structure, an objective lens made up of a pair of lenses which has high rigidity as a whole and is capable of high speed recording and reproducing by suppressing adverse effects of resonance can be realized.

Abstract: In the organic waveguide of the present invention, on a buffer layer and a core section made of organic polymer which are formed on a substrate, there is provided a masking clad which serves as a mask when the organic polymer is processed by dry etching and which constitutes an upper clad, and an overclad made of inorganic dielectric such as silicon oxide is formed around the core section.

Abstract: An exposing apparatus for a microlens array allows for easy alignment and attains high accuracy. An exposing method for a microlens array attains high accuracy and high light efficiency. The exposing apparatus for a microlens array includes a micro fly-eye lens for converting a light beam from a light source into a secondary point light source, a transmittance distribution mask for adjusting the luminance of the light of the secondary point light source, and a collimator lens for converting the light of adjusted luminance into a parallel light beam and for guiding the parallel light beam, via a first microlens array which is formed in advance, to a photosensitive resin layer to be a second microlens array. The light emitted from the light source is transmitted through the micro fly-eye lens, the transmittance distribution mask, and the collimator lens. The light is then adjusted to a desired luminance to expose the photosensitive resin of a microlens substrate.