Abstract: Means for estimating the charged state of a battery, capable of accurately estimating an SOC even though the battery repeats charging/discharging in short cycles. The charging/discharging current Ib measured by current sensing means (10) is integrated, and pseudo-SOC estimating means estimates a pseudo-SOC. Electromotive force estimating means (16) estimates the open voltage Voc from the pseudo-SOC. Voltage change estimating means (18) estimates the voltage change Vr due to the internal resistance from the charging/discharging current Ib. Dynamic voltage change estimating means (20) estimates the voltage change Vdyn due to the change of the charging/discharging current. An adder (22) adds the Voc, Vr, and Vdyn to calculate an estimated voltage Vest of the battery.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for analyzing information relating to the physiological and psychological conditions of a driver. Psychological conditions such as comfortableness or degree of alertness are estimated on the basis of physical data such as fluctuation in brain waves. This apparatus comprises a first neural network having a pre-processed 1/f fluctuation signal for brain waves as an input and for estimating a degree of alertness of the driver, and a second neural network receiving the estimated degree of alertness and the pre-processed 1/f fluctuation signal, for estimating and outputting driving comfortableness. By employing a neural network, which has a mapping ability as well as flexible adaptability even for non-linear data, based on the learning function, more accurate estimation of mental conditions can be achieved in comparison with conventional statistical analysis.

Abstract: Melamine borate particles each consisting essentially of needle crystal primary particles of melamine borate (C.sub.3 N.sub.6 H.sub.6.2H.sub.3 BO.sub.3) which are aggregated to one another.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for analyzing information relating to the physiological and psychological conditions of a driver. Psychological conditions such as comfortableness or degree of alertness are estimated on the basis of physical data such as fluctuation in brain waves. This apparatus comprises a first neural network having a pre-processed 1/f fluctuation signal for brain waves as an input and for estimating a degree of alertness of the driver, and a second neural network receiving the estimated degree of alertness and the pre-processed 1/f fluctuation signal, for estimating and outputting driving comfortableness. By employing a neural network, which has a mapping ability as well as flexible adaptability even for non-linear data, based on the learning function, more accurate estimation of mental conditions can be achieved in comparison with conventional statistical analysis.

Abstract: Melamine borate particles each consisting essentially of needle crystal primary particles of melamine borate (C.sub.3 N.sub.6 H.sub.6.2H.sub.3 BO.sub.3) which are aggregated to one another.

Abstract: An apparatus for lining a container comprising a vibration-pressing mold to be placed on a refractory mix charged in the container, the outer shell of the mold being composed of a metal plate, a vibration-transfer frame provided on the inside of the metal plate, a plurality of vibrators provided on the vibration-transfer frame, an anti-vibration member provided on the upper end of the mold, a supporting frame for supporting the mold with the antivibration member inserted therebetween, a weight placed on the supporting frame, and a guide member for maintaining the mold in a stabilized posture during its sink-down into the refractory mix.