Abstract: The present technology relates to a file generation device, a file generation method, a file reproduction device, a file reproduction method, and a program capable of associating an image stored is a file with external data outside the file. A file control unit generates an association-type high efficiency image file format (HEIF) file in which an image in an HEIF file compliant with HEIF and specific information that specifies external data outside the HEIF file, the external data to be associated with the image, are stored in association with each other. Furthermore, the file control unit reproduces the association-type HEIF file. The present technology can be applied to a case where an HEIF file is generated or a case where the HEIF file is reproduced.