Abstract: A method for cleaning a laminated substrate fabrication apparatus that efficiently cleans a surface used to attract a substrate while enabling stable cleaning. A cleaning unit, which includes an attraction surface for attracting and holding the substrate, is arranged in a processing chamber to clean the attraction surface.

Abstract: A method for cleaning a laminated substrate fabrication apparatus that efficiently cleans a surface used to attract a substrate while enabling stable cleaning. A cleaning unit, which includes an attraction surface for attracting and holding the substrate, is arranged in a processing chamber to clean the attraction surface.

Abstract: A fastening device for a conveying cart is used for fastening the conveying cart to a to-be-fastened apparatus. The device includes a flange provided on a side of the to-be-fastened apparatus, and having a pin standing therefrom, and a recess formed therein; and a fastening mechanism provided on a side of the conveying cart, and having a first hook member engaging with the pin of the flange so as to position the conveying cart with respect to the to-be-fastened apparatus, and a second hook member engaging with the recess of the flange so the to fasten the conveying cart to the to-be-fastened apparatus.

Abstract: A fastening device for a conveying cart is used for fastening the conveying cart to a to-be-fastened apparatus. The device includes a flange provided on a side of the to-be-fastened apparatus, and having a pin standing therefrom, and a recess formed therein; and a fastening mechanism provided on a side of the conveying cart, and having a first hook member engaging with the pin of the flange so as to position the conveying cart with respect to the to-be-fastened apparatus, and a second hook member engaging with the recess of the flange so the to fasten the conveying cart to the to-be-fastened apparatus.

Abstract: A developing unit of the present invention includes a case which accommodates toner containing pigment, a developing roller, a supply roller formed of an elastic member arranged to be pressed against a surface of the developing roller in such a manner as to supply toner to the surface of the developing roller.

Abstract: A developing unit of the present invention includes a case which accommodates toner containing pigment, a developing roller, a supply roller formed of an elastic member arranged to be pressed against a surface of the developing roller in such a manner as to supply toner to the surface of the developing roller. A conveying fin is supported by the case so as to convey toner to the surface of the supply roller wherein the developing roller, the supply roller, and the conveying fin are sequentially disposed in a horizontal direction. The number of revolutions of the conveying fin per unit time is between {fraction (1/50)} and {fraction (1/20)} of the supply roller.

Abstract: A developing unit of the present invention includes a case which accommodates toner containing pigment, a developing roller, a supply roller having chamfered ends and formed of an elastic member arranged to be pressed against a surface of the developing roller in such a manner as to supply toner to the surface of the developing roller. Moreover, the ratio or open cells in the elastic supply roller is made to be 30% or higher and depth of engagement of the supply roller to the developing roller is made to be 0.4 mm or smaller. Also a first sealing member is disposed on the side ends of the developing roller and supply roller so as to prevent leakage to the outside portion of the case. The side surfaces of the developing roller have a surface roughness of 0.5 &mgr;m or smaller in Rmax.

Abstract: A developing unit of the present invention includes a case which accommodates toner containing pigment, a developing roller, a supply roller formed of an elastic member arranged to be pressed against a surface of the developing roller in such a manner as to supply toner to the surface of the developing roller. The toner contains a first and second additive having a specific covering ratio to the surface matrices in the toner.

Abstract: A plurality of developing units each includes a case which accommodates toner containing pigment, a developing roller, a supply roller formed of an elastic member arranged to be pressed against a surface of the developing roller in such a manner as to supply toner to the surface of the developing roller and a conveying fin. The developing roller, supply roller, and conveying fin for each developing unit are angularly arranged in a particular manner.

Abstract: A developing unit of the present invention includes a case which accommodates toner containing pigment, a developing roller, a supply roller having chamfered ends and formed of an elastic member arranged to be pressed against a surface of the developing roller in such a manner as to supply toner to the surface of the developing roller. Also a first sealing member is disposed on the side ends faces of the developing roller and supply roller so as to prevent leakage to the outside portion of the case. Further, a second sealing member in the form of a film is pressed against a lower surface of the developing roller in order to prevent leakage of toner, wherein a quantity &dgr; of displacement of the sealing member due to its abutment against the developing roller satisfies 0.1 mm<&dgr;<0.8 mm, and the thickness t of the second sealing member satisfies 50 &mgr;m<t<500 &mgr;m.

Abstract: A carrying system for carrying a lead frame of a semiconductor device includes first and second carriers located on the same side of a carrier line, one carrier located above the other carrier. The first and second carriers are movable from along the carrier line, from a start point to a processing area and to an end point. The first and second carriers each include a holder for holding the lead frame on a specific end of the lead frame. By holding the lead frame on the same side of the carrier line and at a specific end of the lead frame, holding position deviation is minimized.

Abstract: A developing unit of the present invention includes a case which accommodates toner containing pigment, a developing roller, and a supply roller formed of an elastic material arranged to be pressed against a surface of the developing roller in such a manner as to supply toner to the surface of the developing roller. A sealing member is disposed on the side ends of the developing roller and supply roller so as to prevent leakage to the outside portion of the case. A blade at least longer than the developing roller restrains the quantity of toner on the developing roller. The blade has a radius of curvature between 30 .mu.m and 150 .mu.m.

Abstract: A developing unit of the present invention includes a case which accommodates toner containing pigment, a developing roller, a supply roller formed of an elastic member arranged to be pressed against a surface of the developing roller in such a manner as to supply toner to the surface of the developing roller. Moreover, the percentage of open cells in the elastic supply roller is made to be 30% or higher and depth of engagement of the supply roller to the developing roller is made to 0.4 mm or smaller. The toner has shape factors SF-1 of 150 or smaller and SF-2 of 140 or smaller.

Abstract: A developing unit of the present invention includes a case which accommodates toner containing pigment, a developing roller, a supply roller having chamfered ends and formed of an elastic member arranged to be pressed against a surface of the developing roller in such a manner as to supply toner to the surface of the developing roller. The side surfaces of the developing roller have a surface roughness of 0.5 .mu.m or smaller in Rmax.

Abstract: The present invention provides a heat sensitive recording material comprising a substrate and a recording layer thereon incorporating a colorless or light-colored basic dye and a color acceptor reactive with the dye to form a color when contacted therewith, the recording material being characterized in that, the basic dye comprises 1 at least one compound represented by the formula below [I] and 2 3-di-n-butylamino-6-methyl-7-anilinofluoran and/or 3-di-n-pentylamino-6-methyl-7-anilinofluoran, and the color acceptor comprises 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, a, b, c and d are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The heat-sensitive record material, in which color images are produced by a color-forming reaction between a colorless or pale colored basic chromogenic material and a color developer, comprises a novolac-type epoxy resin or a diphenyl sulfone derivative represented by the formula (III) in the color forming reaction system.In the former case, it is preferable to use a novolac-type epoxy resin represented by the formula (I) together witha a compound represented by the formula (II) and, in the latter case, the desired effects can be obtained by using 3-dibutylamino-6-methyl-7-phenylaminofluoran as the basic chromogenic material. ##STR1## wherein X is halogen or alkyl having C.sub.1 to C.sub.5, and a is an integer of 0 to 4; and n is an integer of 0 to 20, each of R.sub.1 .about.R.sub.6 is hydrogen, halogen, C.sub.1-5 alkyl or C.sub.1-5 alkoxyl, R.sub.7 is ##STR2## R.sub.10 is hydrogen or alkyl; each of p and q is 0 or an integer of 1 to 5; each of r and s is an integer of 1 to 5; each R.sub.8 and R.sub.

Abstract: Disclosed is a heat-sensitive recording material comprising:(a) a base sheet;(b) a heat-sensitive recording layer formed on the base sheet land comprising a colorless or pale-colored basic dye and a color developing material which develops a color on contact with the dye; and(c) a protective layer formed on the recording layer and comprising a binder and at least one metal salt selected from the group consisting of magnesium acetate, calcium acetate, aluminum acetate, magnesium formate, calcium formate and aluminum formate.

Abstract: A damper control arrangement employs friction in providing appropriate resistance against motion of a manual operator as manually operated and thereby provide proper stiff feeling for a manual operator. The friction is provided by a resilient or elastic friction member which is coupled with a louver assembly with the manual operator with frictional engagement therewith by a tightening torque of fastener.

Abstract: The heat-sensitive record materials have, between the base sheet and the recording layer, a middle layer which mainly comprises a binder and at least one pigment having an oil absorption of at leasat 80 cc/100 g measured by JIS K 5101. The middle layer comprises an acrylic thickener in an amount of 0.05 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the pigment on dry basis.The middle layer is formed by blade-coating on a base sheet a coating composition comprising at least one pigment having an oil absorption of at least 80 cc/100 g measured by JIS K 5101 and a binder, in which an acrylic thickener is comprised in such amount as described above.

Abstract: In a heat sensitive recording material comprising a substrate and a heat sensitive recording layer thereon containing a colorless or light-colored basic dye and a color acceptor which is reactive with the dye to form a color when contacted therewith, the recording material characterized in that an emulsion containing complex particles of colloidal silica and at least one of acrylic polymer and styrene-acrylic polymer is added to a coating composition for the recording layer and/or a coating composition for a protective layer formed on the recording layer.