Abstract: An electro luminescence display device is provided, including a plurality of pixels arranged in a two dimensional direction, each pixel having a plurality of different kinds of organic electro luminescence elements differing from each other in the color of the emitted light, and each of the organic electro luminescence elements having an anode, a cathode, and a polymer light-emitting layer located between the anode and the cathode, wherein the polymer light-emitting layer emitting light of at least one color includes a nonionic surfactant having a fluorine-substituted alkyl group containing, e.g., an alkyl silyl group.

Abstract: A lead-free joining material includes zinc and tin as major components, and at least any one of bismuth and germanium as an additive element. The joining material includes a core part, and a surface layer covering the core part. The surface layer includes a solid-solution phase which contains the tin as a main component and a needle crystal which is dispersed in the solid-solution phase and contains the zinc as a main component. Moreover, a concentration of the additive in the solid-solution phase is higher than a concentration of the additive element in the core part, and the concentration of the additive element in the solid-solution phase is in a range of 0.6 to 4.0% by weight.

Abstract: There is disclosed an organic electro luminescence display device, comprising a plurality of pixels arranged in a two dimensional direction, each pixel comprising a plurality of different kinds of organic electro luminescence elements differing from each other in the color of the emitted light, and each of the organic electro luminescence elements comprising an anode, a cathode, and a polymer light-emitting layer located between the anode and the cathode, wherein the polymer light-emitting layer emitting light of at least one color comprises a nonionic surfactant having a fluorine-substituted alkyl group containing e.g. an alkyl silyl group.

Abstract: The method of isolating organic compound-degradable microorganisms included in this invention is characteristic in that microorganisms in the organic compound contaminated sample, for example an environment sample, are cultured in a carbon-free medium, at the same time, are contacted with organic compounds mainly as the gas phase, and selected by the tolerance to the organic compounds as the index. Also, the method for biodegradation of organic compounds is characteristic in that the microorganism thus isolated, for example, Komagatella brevis, is contacted with contaminated soil or contaminated underground water, and without the addition of additives or inducing substances for organic compounds decomposing enzymes, may effectively biodegrade the organic compounds in the environment.

Abstract: A liquid-solid particle sepation process is disclosed, which is characterized by comprising the repetition of feeding waste solution containing fine solid particles to a membrane-type separator and feeding at least part of the solution concentrated with particles therefrom back to the membrane-type separator on one hand while providing the concentrated solution to a centrifugal separator on the other. The process exhibits that the permeability of the membrane can be kept almost as good as in the beginning of filtering operation.