Abstract: Disclosed is a method of detecting and quantifying genomic and gene expression alterations using RNA in a biological sample. The disclosed method may include determining presence or absence of the genomic alteration and/or determining presence or absence of the gene expression and/or quantifying the level of the gene expression, by performing variant calling of the sequence alignment obtained from the disclosed method. Variant calling may comprise the steps of identifying differences between a consensus read and a reference genome based on the sequence alignment from the disclosed method; and determining the read count of sequence alignments comprising genomic alteration. The genomic alteration may be an insertion (such as a duplication), a deletion, a single nucleotide variant, or combinations thereof. Also disclosed is a kit for detecting and quantifying genomic and gene expression alterations using RNA in a biological sample.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of detecting and quantifying genomic and gene expression alterations using RNA in a biological sample. The disclosed method may include determining presence or absence of the genomic alteration and/or determining presence or absence of the gene expression and/or quantifying the level of the gene expression, by performing variant calling of the sequence alignment obtained from the disclosed method. Variant calling may comprise the steps of identifying differences between a consensus read and a reference genome based on the sequence alignment from the disclosed method; and determining the read count of sequence alignments comprising genomic alteration. The genomic alteration may be an insertion (such as a duplication), a deletion, a single nucleotide variant, or combinations thereof. Also disclosed is a kit for detecting and quantifying genomic and gene expression alterations using RNA in a biological sample.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of detecting and quantifying genomic and gene expression alterations using RNA in a biological sample. The disclosed method may include determining presence or absence of the genomic alteration and/or determining presence or absence of the gene expression and/or quantifying the level of the gene expression, by performing variant calling of the sequence alignment obtained from the disclosed method. Variant calling may comprise the steps of identifying differences between a consensus read and a reference genome based on the sequence alignment from the disclosed method; and determining the read count of sequence alignments comprising genomic alteration. The genomic alteration may be an insertion (such as a duplication), a deletion, a single nucleotide variant, or combinations thereof. Also disclosed is a kit for detecting and quantifying genomic and gene expression alterations using RNA in a biological sample.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of simultaneously capturing and identifying distinct targets within a DNA sample, wherein the distinct targets comprise a defined target region and an undefined target region, wherein the undefined target region comprises a structural variation or rearrangement or fusion. Also disclosed is a kit comprising the reagents for use in the methods as described herein.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of simultaneously capturing and identifying distinct targets within a DNA sample, wherein the distinct targets comprise a defined target region and an undefined target region, wherein the undefined target region comprises a structural variation or rearrangement or fusion. Also disclosed is a kit comprising the reagents for use in the methods as described herein.

Abstract: A method of making a prognosis as to whether a patient having renal cancer is likely to survive in a tumour tissue sample obtained from the patient is provided. The method comprising determining the level of expression for each marker of a panel of markers comprising at least one housekeeping gene selected from the group consisting of ACTB, RPL13A, RPL9, and RPS29 and any combinations thereof and at least one prognostic gene selected from the group consisting of CXCL5, EFNA5, EMCN, G6PC, GFPT2, HIST2H3C, IGFBP1, LAMB3, MMP9, MOCOS, PLG, PRAME, RARRES1, SDPR, SLC6A19, TK1, KDELR3 and TSPAN7 and any combinations thereof, comparing the level of expression of each marker with a predetermined reference level associated with each marker, and determining the differential expression of each marker in the tumour tissue sample based on the expression parameter for each marker to provide a prognosis for renal cancer.

Abstract: Amphiphilic block copolymers (BCPs) were prepared comprising a poly(ethylene oxide) block and a biodegradable polycarbonate block functionalized with disulfide groups and carboxylic acid groups. The BCPs form self-assembled micellar particles in aqueous solution that can be loaded with hydrophobic drugs for therapeutic drug delivery. The loaded particles have small particle sizes (<100 nm), narrow particle size distributions, and high drug loading capacity (up to about 50 wt %) based on total dry weight of the loaded particles. Particles loaded with DOX released the DOX in response to changes in pH and glutathione (GSH) redox chemistry. The loaded particles efficiently delivered and released DOX within tumor cells, effectively suppressing growth of the tumor cells at a similar or even lower drug concentration than free DOX. Blank particles containing no DOX did not induce cytotoxicity to cells.

Abstract: Amphiphilic block copolymers (BCPs) were prepared comprising a poly(ethylene oxide) block and a biodegradable polycarbonate block functionalized with disulfide groups and carboxylic acid groups. The BCPs form self-assembled micellar particles in aqueous solution that can be loaded with hydrophobic drugs for therapeutic drug delivery. The loaded particles have small particle sizes (<100 nm), narrow particle size distributions, and high drug loading capacity (up to about 50 wt %) based on total dry weight of the loaded particles. Particles loaded with DOX released the DOX in response to changes in pH and glutathione (GSH) redox chemistry. The loaded particles efficiently delivered and released DOX within tumor cells, effectively suppressing growth of the tumor cells at a similar or even lower drug concentration than free DOX. Blank particles containing no DOX did not induce cytotoxicity to cells.

Abstract: A method of making a prognosis as to whether a patient having renal cancer is like to survive in a tumour tissue sample obtained from the patient is provided. The method comprising determining the level of expression for each marker of a panel of markers comprising at least one housekeeping gene selected from the group consisting of ACTB, RPL13A, RPL9, and RPS29 and any combinations thereof and at least one prognostic gene selected from the group consisting of CXCL5, EFNA5, EMCN, G6PC, GFPT2, HIST2H3C, IGFBP1, LAMB3, MMP9, MOCOS, PLG, PRAME, RARRES1, SDPR, SLC6A19, TK1, KDELR3 and TSPAN7 and any combinations thereof, comparing the level of expression of each marker with a predetermined reference level associated with each marker, and determining the differential expression of each marker in the tumour tissue sample based on the expression parameter for each marker to provide a prognosis for renal cancer.