Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic belt of an endless shape including a substrate, wherein the substrate contains a polyimide resin and carbon nanotubes, wherein a content of the carbon nanotubes in the substrate is 15 vol % or less with respect to a total volume of the polyimide resin, wherein the substrate has a tensile strength of 200 MPa or more in each of a peripheral direction thereof and a direction perpendicular to the peripheral direction, and wherein the substrate has a thermal conductivity of 0.9 W/(m·K) or more in a thickness direction thereof.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes an acquisition unit configured to acquire image data obtained by imaging an object having a surface on which an illumination image is generated, a calculation unit configured to calculate a variation amount of an edge position of the illumination image and a variation amount of an edge luminance of the illumination image based on the image data, and an evaluation unit configured to evaluate a state of the surface of the object based on the variation amount of the edge position and the variation amount of the edge luminance.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire comprises: a bead portion provided with an inside bead apex rubber disposed between a turned up portion and a main portion of a carcass ply, and an outside bead apex rubber disposed axially outside the turned up portion and having a radially outer edge; and a the sidewall portion provided with a sidewall reinforcing cord layer disposed axially outside the carcass and having a radially inner edge which is spaced apart from the radially outer edge of the outside bead apex rubber by a radial distance of not less than 5% of a tire section height.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire comprises: a bead portion provided with an inside bead apex rubber disposed between a turned up portion and a main portion of a carcass ply, and an outside bead apex rubber disposed axially outside the turned up portion and having a radially outer edge; and a the sidewall portion provided with a sidewall reinforcing cord layer disposed axially outside the carcass and having a radially inner edge which is spaced apart from the radially outer edge of the outside bead apex rubber by a radial distance of not less than 5% of a tire section height.

Abstract: With a simple configuration, increase in size can be avoided, usage durability is improved, and occurrence of insufficient electrical connection caused by dust can be prevented well. A crank part is provided in at least one of both contacts including elastic beam-like members. Both of the contacts are provided with cut-away parts, which substantially increase the span lengths of the elastic beam-like members, and gaps between the contacts and an insulating housing which ensure flexibility of the elastic beam-like members to ensure flexibility and prevent permanent deformation of the contacts while enhancing elasticity of the contacts. Dust which has entered the interior thereof is moved along the crank part to ensure electrical conductivity well, which is an employed configuration.