Abstract: A fuel cell system according to the present invention comprises a control apparatus which performs performance restoration processing for a catalyst layer by decreasing the output voltage of a fuel cell to a predetermined voltage. When an oxide film formed on the catalyst layer during power generation of the fuel cell contains, in addition to a first oxide film that can be removed by decreasing the output voltage of the fuel cell to a first oxide film removal voltage, a second oxide film that can be removed by decreasing the output voltage of the fuel cell to a second oxide film removal voltage which is lower than the first oxide film removal voltage, the control apparatus estimates the amount of the second oxide film and performs performance restoration processing with a set voltage being equal to or lower than the second oxide film removal voltage only when it determines that the estimated amount exceeds a predetermined amount A.

Abstract: A fuel cell system according to the present invention comprises: a fuel cell including a membrane-electrode assembly in which electrodes, each having a catalyst layer, are arranged on both surfaces of a polymer electrolyte membrane; and a control apparatus which controls an output voltage of the fuel cell. If a target voltage of the fuel cell is set so as to be equal to or higher than a catalyst dissolution voltage at which a catalyst in the catalyst layer is dissolved and the amount of an oxide film formed on the catalyst layer is estimated to be less than a first predetermined amount, the control apparatus controls the output voltage of the fuel cell so as to be equal to an oxide film formation voltage, being lower than the catalyst dissolution voltage, until the amount of the oxide film is estimated to be equal to or greater than the first predetermined amount and then controls the output voltage so as to be equal to the target voltage.

Abstract: A fuel cell system according to the present invention comprises: a fuel cell including a membrane-electrode assembly in which electrodes, each having a catalyst layer, are arranged on both surfaces of a polymer electrolyte membrane; and a control apparatus which controls an output voltage of the fuel cell. If a target voltage of the fuel cell is set so as to be equal to or higher than a catalyst dissolution voltage at which a catalyst in the catalyst layer is dissolved and the amount of an oxide film formed on the catalyst layer is estimated to be less than a first predetermined amount, the control apparatus controls the output voltage of the fuel cell so as to be equal to an oxide film formation voltage, being lower than the catalyst dissolution voltage, until the amount of the oxide film is estimated to be equal to or greater than the first predetermined amount and then controls the output voltage so as to be equal to the target voltage.

Abstract: A fuel cell system according to the present invention comprises: a fuel cell including a membrane-electrode assembly in which electrodes, each having a catalyst layer, are arranged on both surfaces of a polymer electrolyte membrane; a power storage apparatus connected to a load in parallel with the fuel cell; and a control apparatus that performs performance recovery processing for the catalyst layer by decreasing an output voltage of the fuel cell to a predetermined voltage, wherein an intermittent operation in which a power generation command value for the fuel cell is set to zero and a power supply to the load is covered by power supplied from the power storage apparatus is allowed to be performed if certain conditions for performing the intermittent operation are met, and the performance recovery processing is performed during the intermittent operation, and wherein, if the performance recovery processing is necessary and if a remaining power in the power storage apparatus is equal to or lower than a pred

Abstract: A fuel cell system according to the present invention comprises a control apparatus which performs performance restoration processing for a catalyst layer by decreasing the output voltage of a fuel cell to a predetermined voltage. When an oxide film formed on the catalyst layer during power generation of the fuel cell contains, in addition to a first oxide film that can be removed by decreasing the output voltage of the fuel cell to a first oxide film removal voltage, a second oxide film that can be removed by decreasing the output voltage of the fuel cell to a second oxide film removal voltage which is lower than the first oxide film removal voltage, the control apparatus estimates the amount of the second oxide film and performs performance restoration processing with a set voltage being equal to or lower than the second oxide film removal voltage only when it determines that the estimated amount exceeds a predetermined amount A.

Abstract: A resin sealed semiconductor device, wherein support pins uphold a pair of facing sides of the semiconductor chip. A projected portion is formed on the distal end portion of the support pin in proximate to the semiconductor chip. The projected portion is formed on both sides of the supporting members which respectively correspond to an upper side and a bottom side of the semiconductor chip in such a manner that when the projected portions are viewed from the upper side or bottom side of the semiconductor chip, they overlap with each other. All of the height of the projected portions are the same. The thickness of the resins formed on both opposite sides of the semiconductor chip is the same with each other, thus preventing the upward or downward displacement within the sealing resin of the semiconductor chip in a thin package.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor device having a very thin, highly reliable semiconductor package and a method of easily manufacturing the semiconductor apparatus. The method comprises a first step of coating and melting a thermosetting resin in a mold for resin sealing, while keeping the mold at a predetermined temperature, the mold being divided into an upper mold and a lower mold, a second step of fixing within the mold a lead frame supporting a semiconductor chip, and a third step of applying a pressure on the mold and compression-molding the resin, thus forming a package.

Abstract: A lead frame for use in a resin-sealed type semiconductor device, comprising an outer frame, a plurality of leads supported by the outer frame, arranged side by side and each composed of an inner lead and an outer lead, a die pad arranged inside the outer frame and located so that the tips of the inner leads are close to the die pad and oppose the die pad, and a resin flow-control body. The resin flow-control body has been formed by extending a portion of the outer frame toward the die pad through a space formed in the outer frame. The body is designed to be placed in a cavity of a mold having a gate communicating with the cavity, with the space located between the gate and the cavity, in order to form a resin sealing body.

Abstract: In a resin-sealed semiconductor device, leads are respectively connected to a plurality of connection electrodes of a semiconductor chip. The leads include a plurality of inner leads respectively connected to the connection electrodes and a plurality of outer leads, first ends of which are connected to the inner leads and second ends of which are connected to an external device. Distal ends of the inner leads have cut-off thin portions, which define a recess for holding the semiconductor chip. The inner leads and the semiconductor chip are covered by a resin sealing material.