Abstract: In the electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present application, when the first voltage is applied to the electrochromic device in a state that the electrochromic element has the first state, the electrochromic device becomes the second state, and when the first voltage is applied to the electrochromic element in a state that the electrochromic element has the fourth state, the electrochromic element becomes the third state.

Abstract: The present invention prevents an error of a blockchain-based smart contract and an error occurring in a process of cooperating with a conventional smart contract and uses a smart contract template, thereby enhancing convenience in writing a smart contract.

Abstract: Provided is a method for delegating a device ownership based on a blockchain. The blockchain-based device ownership delegating method may include: transferring a device ownership request of a first user to a blockchain; providing a smart contract based ownership request event generated by the blockchain to a second user; transferring a device ownership change request of the second user to the blockchain; providing a smart contract based ownership change event generated by the blockchain to a device decentralized application (DApp); changing a device ownership; and recording a change history of the device ownership in the blockchain.

Abstract: A method for controlling an elevator by interworking with external devices in an apparatus for controlling an elevator is provided. The method for controlling an elevator includes generating token information for an external device to which a write command is to be performed and transmitting the token information to the external device, receiving a control message including a write command together with the token information from the external device, verifying the token information, and processing the control message when the token information is verified.

Abstract: A method of performing a security management automation in an Interface to Network Security Functions (I2NSF) system is disclosed. The method comprises receiving a high-level security policy via a consumer-facing interface; translating the high-level security policy into a low-level security policy based on an automatic mapping model; transmitting the low-level security policy to a network security function (NSF) via an NSF-facing interface, wherein the low-level security policy is applied to a system of the NSF; receiving monitoring data for a network security from the NSF; reconfiguring a security policy based on the monitoring data; and transmitting the reconfigured security policy to the NSF via the NSF-facing interface. The reconfigured security policy is updated to a system of the NSF.

Abstract: In the electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present application, when the first voltage is applied to the electrochromic device in a state that the electrochromic element has the first state, the electrochromic device becomes the second state, and when the first voltage is applied to the electrochromic element in a state that the electrochromic element has the fourth state, the electrochromic element becomes the third state.

Abstract: The present invention prevents an error of a blockchain-based smart contract and an error occurring in a process of cooperating with a conventional smart contract and uses a smart contract template, thereby enhancing convenience in writing a smart contract.

Abstract: The present application relates to an electrochromic device. In one aspect, the electrochromic device includes an electrochromic element including a first electrode, a second electrode, an electrochromic layer, an ion storage layer and the second electrode. The electrochromic device also includes controller configured to change a state of the electrochromic element to change to at least one of a first state having a first transmittance, a second state having a second transmittance, a third state having a third transmittance, or a fourth state having a fourth transmittance by applying power to the electrochromic element. When a first voltage is applied to the electrochromic element in a first state, the electrochromic element becomes the second state, and when the first voltage is applied to the electrochromic element in a fourth state, the electrochromic element becomes the third state.

Abstract: In the electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present application, when the first voltage is applied to the electrochromic device in a state that the electrochromic element has the first state, the electrochromic device becomes the second state, and when the first voltage is applied to the electrochromic element in a state that the electrochromic element has the fourth state, the electrochromic element becomes the third state.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method and apparatus for detecting a network service. The network service detection method includes generating pieces of required resource information for respective Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) with respect to one or more VNFs provided by a network, generating multiple deployment combinations by deploying the one or more VNFs on multiple servers constituting the network, calculating deployment combination resources required by respective multiple deployment combinations, based on the pieces of required resource information for respective VNFs, and detecting an executable deployment combination, among the multiple deployment combinations, as a network service that is capable of being provided by the network by comparing the deployment combination resources with pieces of specification information corresponding to the multiple servers.

Abstract: Provided is a method of defining an interface identifier (IID) of an Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) address and devices operating the same, wherein the method includes defining a first IID and a second IID in an IID based on a predetermined value at a predetermined location in the IID of an IPv6 address, assigning, based on an node identification (ID), a first node ID to the first IID and a second node ID to the second IID; and assigning information on a network connecting condition of a communication device to at least one of a first sub-IID corresponding to an area excluding the first node ID in the first IID and a second sub-IID corresponding to an area excluding the second node ID in the second IID.

Abstract: Disclosed is a core network device and terminal device communicating using an Internet of things (IoT) module and a data communication module, the terminal device including an IoT module, a data communication module, and a controller configured to transmit a preference and a support function of the terminal device to the core network device and perform an optimization function through an interoperation between the IoT module and the data communication module in response to an optimization request from the core network device, the optimization request being based on the support function and the preference.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method and apparatus for detecting a network service. The network service detection method includes generating pieces of required resource information for respective Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) with respect to one or more VNFs provided by a network, generating multiple deployment combinations by deploying the one or more VNFs on multiple servers constituting the network, calculating deployment combination resources required by respective multiple deployment combinations, based on the pieces of required resource information for respective VNFs, and detecting an executable deployment combination, among the multiple deployment combinations, as a network service that is capable of being provided by the network by comparing the deployment combination resources with pieces of specification information corresponding to the multiple servers.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for managing network resources required in a Network Function Virtualization (NFV) environment. A verifier for Network Function Virtualization (NFV) resource allocation includes a network information reception unit for receiving information about network services from Operations Support Systems (OSS) or Business Support Systems (BSS) in an NFV environment, a combination information generation unit for generating combination information made when Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs) required by each network service are allocated to physical or virtual network resources, based on the received network service information, and a verification unit for verifying whether the combination information is applicable to available network resources in the NFV environment.

Abstract: Disclosed is a network service control device and method in an environment in which a Software Defined Network (SDN) and a legacy network are connected to each other. The network service control device according to the present invention includes: a first network acquisition unit for acquiring first network information corresponding to the SDN; a second network information acquisition unit for acquiring second network information corresponding to the legacy network; a control message creation unit for creating a service control message for controlling a service of the network environment in which the SDN and the legacy network are connected to each other, based on at least one of the first network information and the second network information; and a service control unit for controlling the service of the network environment by transmitting the service control message to at least one network switch module included in the network environment.

Abstract: Provided is a method of defining an interface identifier (IID) of an Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) address and devices operating the same, wherein the method includes defining a first IID and a second IID in an IID based on a predetermined value at a predetermined location in the IID of an IPv6 address, assigning, based on an node identification (ID), a first node ID to the first IID and a second node ID to the second IID; and assigning information on a network connecting condition of a communication device to at least one of a first sub-IID corresponding to an area excluding the first node ID in the first IID and a second sub-IID corresponding to an area excluding the second node ID in the second IID.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is technology for formal verification of a network service chain in a software-defined networking environment. In an embodiment, a verification support apparatus for formal verification of a network service chain includes a Network Service Chain (NSC) descriptor information reception unit for receiving NSC descriptor information from an application program. An NSC configuration unit configures an NSC of multiple network services using the received NSC descriptor information. A verification request unit requests formal verification of each network service in the configured NSC from a formal verification unit.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a programmable sensor networking apparatus. In accordance with an embodiment, the sensor networking apparatus includes a gateway for receiving application service information from an application, generating information to be processed by each sensor node based on the received application service information, and transmitting the generated information to each sensor node, and one or more sensor nodes for receiving the information to be processed from the gateway, and processing the received information.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a formal technique-based verification apparatus and method for verifying software-defined networking. In accordance with an embodiment, a formal verification apparatus for Software-Defined Networking (SDN), includes a formal language creation unit for collecting flow table information for an entire network topology in response to a request of a SDN control unit, and creating description code in a predefined formal language based on the collected flow table information. A Symbolic Transition Graph (STG) generation unit generates a symbolic transition graph using the created description code in the formal language. A verification execution unit performs verification by applying formal verification technology to the symbolic transition graph.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for network monitoring and packet inspection capable of performing network monitoring and packet inspection in real time in a network system are disclosed. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus for monitoring and packet inspection includes: a controller configured to transmit and receive an open flow protocol message and perform a network control; and a switch configured to include a flow table for data transfer and a security channel for connection with the controller, wherein the flow table includes target information which is information on a flow on which a user performs the monitoring and packet inspection.