Abstract: A method includes: an OLT receives a first data stream, the first data stream includes a first data frame carrying a first service; the OLT slices the first data frame to generate a plurality of first slices, a length of the first slice is a first preset length, and the first slices carry the first service; and the OLT sends a second data stream to an ONU, the second data stream includes the plurality of first slices, a time period in which the OLT sends the second data stream includes a plurality of consecutive scheduling periodicities, at least a part of a time period in each scheduling periodicity is occupied by at least one first slice, and a time interval between at least two consecutive first slices is completely or partially used to transmit data carrying a second service.

Abstract: A split-gate trench device chip has an active region in which a plurality of active trenches are disposed. The active region is enclosed by termination trenches disposed in a termination region, which extends to the edges of the chip. A gate metal lead is disposed on the device surface. The gate metal lead makes contact to gate electrodes in the active trenches through contact holes disposed in the active region. A source or a drain metal lead is also disposed on the surface. The source or the drain metal lead makes contact to the field plate electrodes through contact holes disposed outside the active region. Each active trench in the active region has a first end merge into a first termination trench and a second end separated from an adjacent second termination trench.

Abstract: A split-gate trench device chip has an active region in which a plurality of active trenches are disposed. The active region is enclosed by termination trenches disposed in a termination region, which extends to the edges of the chip. A gate metal lead is disposed on the device surface. The gate metal lead makes contact to gate electrodes in the active trenches through contact holes disposed in the active region. A source or a drain metal lead is also disposed on the surface. The source or the drain metal lead makes contact to the field plate electrodes through contact holes disposed outside the active region. Each active trench in the active region has a first end merge into a first termination trench and a second end separated from an adjacent second termination trench.

Abstract: A split-gate trench device chip has an active region in which a plurality of active trenches are disposed. The active region is enclosed by termination trenches disposed in a termination region, which extends to the edges of the chip. A gate metal lead is disposed on the device surface. The gate metal lead makes contact to gate electrodes in the active trenches through contact holes disposed in the active region. A source or a drain metal lead is also disposed on the surface. The source or the drain metal lead makes contact to the field plate electrodes through contact holes disposed outside the active region. Each active trench in the active region has a first end merge into a first termination trench and a second end separated from an adjacent second termination trench.

Abstract: A power MOSFET or a power rectifier may be fabricated according to the invention to include a gate trench and a field plate trench. Both trenches can be formed with a two-step etching process as described in detail in the specification. The devices that embody this invention can be fabricated with higher packaging density and better and more tightly distributed device parameters such as the VF, RDSS, and BV.

Abstract: A power MOSFET or a power rectifier may be fabricated according to the invention to include a gate trench and a field plate trench. Both trenches can be formed with a two-step etching process as described in detail in the specification. The devices that embody this invention can be fabricated with higher packaging density and better and more tightly distributed device parameters such as the VF, RDSS, and BV.

Abstract: A power MOSFET or a power rectifier may be fabricated according to the invention to include a gate trench and a field plate trench. Both trenches can be formed with a two-step etching process as described in detail in the specification. The devices that embody this invention can be fabricated with higher packaging density and better and more tightly distributed device parameters such as the VF, RDSS, and BV.

Abstract: The present invention provides a data forwarding method and apparatus, and an access device. The method is as follows: first, all ports on an access device are grouped into two port groups, and the access device stores a correspondence among a VLAN, a port identifier, and a port group to which a port identified by the port identifier belongs; the access device receives a packet, identifies a port group to which a port that receives the packet belongs as a first port group, and obtains a VLAN from the packet; and the access device obtains a corresponding port identifier from the correspondence by using the obtained VLAN and a second port group, and forwards the packet through a port identified by the obtained port identifier.

Abstract: A MOSFET device or a rectifier device with improved RDSON and BV performance has a repetitive pattern of field plate trenches disposed in a semiconductor chip. The semiconductor chip comprises a doped epi-layer, in which the dopant concentration progressively decreases from the top of the chip surface towards the bottom of the chip. The doped epi-layer may comprises strata of epi-layers of different dopant concentrations and the field plate trenches each terminate at a predetermined point in the strata.

Abstract: A power MOSFET or a power rectifier may be fabricated according to the invention to include a gate trench and a field plate trench. Both trenches can be formed with a two-step etching process as described in detail in the specification. The devices that embody this invention can be fabricated with higher packaging density and better and more tightly distributed device parameters such as the VF, RDSS, and BV.

Abstract: Embodiments of present invention disclose a service protection method, an optical line terminal, and a system in a passive optical network and relate to the communications field, which not only implements service protection after a fault occurs on a working link between a first OLT and a switching device, but also implements service protection after a fault occurs on a second VLAN service channel, thereby ensuring normal access of service data, thereby ensuring normal access of service data. A specific solution is as follows: A second VLAN service channel is set between a second OLT and a switching device; when a fault occurs on an active link, the second OLT performs active/standby switchover, receives service data from an ONT, and sends the service data to the switching device through the second VLAN service channel. The present invention is applied in a process of dual-homing protection among network device nodes.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method, system, and device for managing addresses on an Ethernet ring network. The method includes: receiving, by a master node on an Ethernet ring network, a failure message from a node connected to at least one of two ends of a failed link on the Ethernet ring network; determining, according to the failure message, a specific virtual local area network affected by the failure on the Ethernet ring network; and sending an instruction message for flushing a media access control address forwarding table to a specific node accessed by the specific virtual local area network on the Ethernet ring network, where the instruction message carries an identifier of the specific virtual local area network, so that the specific node deletes addresses related to the specific virtual local area network.

Abstract: A multicast processing method, device, and system are provided. The method includes: blocking a port 1, where the port 1 is one of an egress port and an ingress port, and the other of the egress port and the ingress port is a root port; receiving a join packet from the ingress port, wherein the packet is used for a multicast user to request joining multicast; and establishing, according to multicast information of the multicast included in the join packet and port information of the ingress port, a forwarding table entry for forwarding data of the multicast from the egress port to the ingress port. Through embodiments of the present invention, an effect of shortening the multicast service recovery time is realized.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method, a system, and a device for protecting multicast in a communication network. The technical solution of the present invention is: In a communication multicast network, a main node and a backup node serve as root nodes to generate two multicast trees simultaneously; the multicast tree that uses the backup node as a root node is set to be in a silent state; when the network is faulty, and the current main multicast tree is unable to forward multicast packets to all leaf nodes in the multicast tree, the silent state of the backup multicast tree is canceled and the backup multicast tree starts forwarding the multicast packets.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for protecting a semi-ring network. The method includes: running an Ethernet ring network protection protocol at a networking port of each non-closed ring node and a networking port of each closed ring node on a semi-ring network, and adding all networking ports into a virtual local area network that is corresponding to a protection instance; and establishing a pseudo wire PWE3 based or message mechanism based connection between non-closed ring nodes on the semi-ring network, where the connection is used to transfer an Ethernet ring network protection protocol packet of the protection instance. Based on the protection method, the embodiments of the present invention further provide a network device and a system for protecting a semi-ring network.

Abstract: A method and a device of network protection are disclosed to protect transmission of the PBT service when a link or node fails in the PBT network. The method comprises: switching a Provider Backbone Transport (PBT) service impacted by a fault to a protection Provider Backbone Bridge (PBB) service according to a preconfigured corresponding relationship between the PBT service and the protection PBB service when a working link or a working node fails in a ring network; and forwarding a service frame of the protection PBB service in a PBB service forwarding mode. A network device for implementing such a method is also disclosed. The technical solution under the present disclosure enables simultaneous transmission of both the PBT service and the PBB service in the same network, requires use of only one protection technology, and draws upon the traditional Ethernet protection technology to protect the PBT service.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a supplicant proxy port authorization entity (PAE) configured to communicate with a user equipment (UE) and a network, wherein the supplicant proxy PAE causes a communication path to forward or block communications between the UE and the network. Included is a network component comprising at least one processor configured to implement a method comprising authenticating a UE with a network using an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.1X protocol, and exchanging a secure key with the UE using an IEEE 802.1 AF protocol. Also included is a method comprising authenticating a user UE configured for a first authentication protocol with a network configured for a second authentication protocol using a port entity configured for the first authentication protocol and the second authentication protocol, and securing the UE's access to the network by completing a security key agreement using the first authentication protocol.